On mdPickers.js line 241 self.date.daysInMonth() is throwing an error.
It seems like CalendarCtrl is not getting the values from datepicker (which is the alias of DatePickerCtrl).
I could make it work by adding self.date = $scope.$parent.datepicker.date in CalendarCtrl.
versions:
angular 1.6.0
angular-material 1.1.0
mdPickers 0.7.5
moment 2.17.1