[AMD] Feed in tl.assume and support more ops in RangeAnalysis (triton-lang#6022)

This PR implements initializing lattice ranges using assumptions, ie
things like `tl.assume(K < 128)` initializing K to have integer range
`[-smax, 128]`.

Additionally it adds support for range inference for various `tt`/`ttg`
ops.

Author: makslevental