diff --git a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
index c7c744e676fa..aa5c426aff31 100644
--- a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
+++ b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
@@ -3033,138 +3033,26 @@ function(build_absl)
   set(ABSL_VENDORED
       TRUE
       PARENT_SCOPE)
-  set(ABSL_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/absl_fc-install")
-  set(ABSL_PREFIX
-      "${ABSL_PREFIX}"
-      PARENT_SCOPE)
 
   if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 13.0)
     string(APPEND CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS " -include stdint.h")
   endif()
 
   fetchcontent_declare(absl
+                       ${FC_DECLARE_COMMON_OPTIONS} OVERRIDE_FIND_PACKAGE
                        URL ${ABSL_SOURCE_URL}
                        URL_HASH "SHA256=${ARROW_ABSL_BUILD_SHA256_CHECKSUM}")
 
   prepare_fetchcontent()
 
-  # We have to enable Abseil install to generate abslConfig.cmake
-  # so google-cloud-cpp can find Abseil through ExternalProject_Add. Our expectation
-  # is that this will not be necessary once google-cloud-cpp supports FetchContent.
+  # We have to enable Abseil install to add Abseil targets to an export set.
+  # But we don't install Abseil by EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL.
   set(ABSL_ENABLE_INSTALL ON)
   fetchcontent_makeavailable(absl)
 
-  # This custom target is required due to a timing issue between FetchContent
-  # and the install command below, which is necessary for google-cloud-cpp to find Abseil
-  # due to mixing FetchContent and ExternalProject_Add.
-  # Create a target that depends on ALL Abseil libraries that will be installed.
-  # This ensures they're all built before we try to install.
-  add_custom_target(absl_built
-                    DEPENDS absl::bad_any_cast_impl
-                            absl::bad_optional_access
-                            absl::bad_variant_access
-                            absl::base
-                            absl::city
-                            absl::civil_time
-                            absl::cord
-                            absl::cord_internal
-                            absl::cordz_functions
-                            absl::cordz_handle
-                            absl::cordz_info
-                            absl::cordz_sample_token
-                            absl::debugging_internal
-                            absl::demangle_internal
-                            absl::examine_stack
-                            absl::exponential_biased
-                            absl::failure_signal_handler
-                            absl::flags
-                            absl::flags_commandlineflag
-                            absl::flags_commandlineflag_internal
-                            absl::flags_config
-                            absl::flags_internal
-                            absl::flags_marshalling
-                            absl::flags_parse
-                            absl::flags_private_handle_accessor
-                            absl::flags_program_name
-                            absl::flags_reflection
-                            absl::flags_usage
-                            absl::flags_usage_internal
-                            absl::graphcycles_internal
-                            absl::hash
-                            absl::hashtablez_sampler
-                            absl::int128
-                            absl::leak_check
-                            absl::leak_check_disable
-                            absl::log_severity
-                            absl::low_level_hash
-                            absl::malloc_internal
-                            absl::periodic_sampler
-                            absl::random_distributions
-                            absl::random_internal_distribution_test_util
-                            absl::random_internal_platform
-                            absl::random_internal_pool_urbg
-                            absl::random_internal_randen
-                            absl::random_internal_randen_hwaes
-                            absl::random_internal_randen_hwaes_impl
-                            absl::random_internal_randen_slow
-                            absl::random_internal_seed_material
-                            absl::random_seed_gen_exception
-                            absl::random_seed_sequences
-                            absl::raw_hash_set
-                            absl::raw_logging_internal
-                            absl::scoped_set_env
-                            absl::spinlock_wait
-                            absl::stacktrace
-                            absl::status
-                            absl::statusor
-                            absl::str_format_internal
-                            absl::strerror
-                            absl::strings
-                            absl::strings_internal
-                            absl::symbolize
-                            absl::synchronization
-                            absl::throw_delegate
-                            absl::time
-                            absl::time_zone)
-
-  # google-cloud-cpp requires Abseil to be installed to a known location.
-  # We have to do this in two steps to avoid double installation of Abseil
-  # when Arrow is installed.
-  # Disable Abseil's install script this target runs after Abseil is built
-  # and replaces its cmake_install.cmake with a no-op so Arrow does not install it
-  # outside of the build tree.
-  add_custom_command(OUTPUT "${absl_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.saved"
-                     COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy_if_different
-                             "${absl_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake"
-                             "${absl_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.saved"
-                     COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E echo
-                             "# Abseil install disabled to prevent double installation with Arrow"
-                             > "${absl_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake"
-                     DEPENDS absl_built
-                     COMMENT "Disabling Abseil's install to prevent double installation"
-                     VERBATIM)
-
-  add_custom_target(absl_install_disabled ALL
-                    DEPENDS "${absl_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.saved")
-
-  # Install Abseil to ABSL_PREFIX for google-cloud-cpp to find.
-  # Using the saved original cmake_install.cmake.saved install script
-  # for other dependencies to find Abseil.
-  add_custom_command(OUTPUT "${ABSL_PREFIX}/.absl_installed"
-                     COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy_if_different
-                             "${absl_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.saved"
-                             "${absl_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.tmp"
-                     COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${ABSL_PREFIX}
-                             -DCMAKE_INSTALL_CONFIG_NAME=$<CONFIG> -P
-                             "${absl_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.tmp" ||
-                             ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E true
-                     COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E touch "${ABSL_PREFIX}/.absl_installed"
-                     DEPENDS absl_install_disabled
-                     COMMENT "Installing Abseil to ${ABSL_PREFIX} for gRPC"
-                     VERBATIM)
-
-  # Make absl_fc depend on the install completion marker
-  add_custom_target(absl_fc DEPENDS "${ABSL_PREFIX}/.absl_installed")
+  if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.28)
+    set_property(DIRECTORY ${absl_SOURCE_DIR} PROPERTY EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL TRUE)
+  endif()
 
   if(APPLE)
     # This is due to upstream absl::cctz issue
@@ -3403,7 +3291,7 @@ function(build_crc32c_once)
       PARENT_SCOPE)
 
   fetchcontent_declare(crc32c
-                       ${FC_DECLARE_COMMON_OPTIONS}
+                       ${FC_DECLARE_COMMON_OPTIONS} OVERRIDE_FIND_PACKAGE
                        URL ${CRC32C_SOURCE_URL}
                        URL_HASH "SHA256=${ARROW_CRC32C_BUILD_SHA256_CHECKSUM}")
 
@@ -3412,53 +3300,17 @@ function(build_crc32c_once)
   set(CRC32C_BUILD_TESTS OFF)
   set(CRC32C_BUILD_BENCHMARKS OFF)
   set(CRC32C_USE_GLOG OFF)
-  set(CRC32C_INSTALL ON)
   fetchcontent_makeavailable(crc32c)
 
+  if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.28)
+    set_property(DIRECTORY ${crc32c_SOURCE_DIR} PROPERTY EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL TRUE)
+  endif()
+
   # Create alias target for consistency (crc32c exports as Crc32c::crc32c when installed)
   if(NOT TARGET Crc32c::crc32c)
     add_library(Crc32c::crc32c ALIAS crc32c)
   endif()
 
-  # google-cloud-cpp requires crc32c to be installed to a known location.
-  # We have to do this in two steps to avoid double installation of crc32c
-  # when Arrow is installed.
-  # This custom target ensures crc32c is built before we install.
-  add_custom_target(crc32c_built DEPENDS Crc32c::crc32c)
-
-  # Disable crc32c's install script after it's built to prevent double installation.
-  add_custom_command(OUTPUT "${crc32c_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.saved"
-                     COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy_if_different
-                             "${crc32c_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake"
-                             "${crc32c_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.saved"
-                     COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E echo
-                             "# crc32c install disabled to prevent double installation with Arrow"
-                             > "${crc32c_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake"
-                     DEPENDS crc32c_built
-                     COMMENT "Disabling crc32c install to prevent double installation"
-                     VERBATIM)
-
-  add_custom_target(crc32c_install_disabled ALL
-                    DEPENDS "${crc32c_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.saved")
-
-  # Install crc32c to CRC32C_PREFIX for google-cloud-cpp to find.
-  add_custom_command(OUTPUT "${CRC32C_PREFIX}/.crc32c_installed"
-                     COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy_if_different
-                             "${crc32c_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.saved"
-                             "${crc32c_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.tmp"
-                     COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${CRC32C_PREFIX}
-                             -DCMAKE_INSTALL_CONFIG_NAME=$<CONFIG> -P
-                             "${crc32c_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.tmp" ||
-                             ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E true
-                     COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E touch
-                             "${CRC32C_PREFIX}/.crc32c_installed"
-                     DEPENDS crc32c_install_disabled
-                     COMMENT "Installing crc32c to ${CRC32C_PREFIX} for google-cloud-cpp"
-                     VERBATIM)
-
-  # Make crc32c_fc depend on the install completion marker.
-  add_custom_target(crc32c_fc DEPENDS "${CRC32C_PREFIX}/.crc32c_installed")
-
   set(ARROW_BUNDLED_STATIC_LIBS
       ${ARROW_BUNDLED_STATIC_LIBS} Crc32c::crc32c
       PARENT_SCOPE)
@@ -3477,7 +3329,7 @@ function(build_nlohmann_json)
       PARENT_SCOPE)
 
   fetchcontent_declare(nlohmann_json
-                       ${FC_DECLARE_COMMON_OPTIONS}
+                       ${FC_DECLARE_COMMON_OPTIONS} OVERRIDE_FIND_PACKAGE
                        URL ${NLOHMANN_JSON_SOURCE_URL}
                        URL_HASH "SHA256=${ARROW_NLOHMANN_JSON_BUILD_SHA256_CHECKSUM}")
 
@@ -3489,7 +3341,7 @@ function(build_nlohmann_json)
   set(JSON_Install ON)
   fetchcontent_makeavailable(nlohmann_json)
 
-  # google-cloud-cpp requires nlohmann_json to be installed to a known location.
+  # opentelemetry requires nlohmann_json to be installed to a known location.
   # We have to do this in two steps to avoid double installation of nlohmann_json
   # when Arrow is installed.
   # This custom target ensures nlohmann_json is built before we install.
@@ -3510,7 +3362,7 @@ function(build_nlohmann_json)
   add_custom_target(nlohmann_json_install_disabled ALL
                     DEPENDS "${nlohmann_json_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.saved")
 
-  # Install nlohmann_json to NLOHMANN_JSON_PREFIX for google-cloud-cpp to find.
+  # Install nlohmann_json to NLOHMANN_JSON_PREFIX for opentelemetry to find.
   add_custom_command(OUTPUT "${NLOHMANN_JSON_PREFIX}/.nlohmann_json_installed"
                      COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy_if_different
                              "${nlohmann_json_BINARY_DIR}/cmake_install.cmake.saved"
@@ -3539,9 +3391,12 @@ if(ARROW_WITH_NLOHMANN_JSON)
   message(STATUS "Found nlohmann_json headers: ${nlohmann_json_INCLUDE_DIR}")
 endif()
 
-macro(build_google_cloud_cpp_storage)
-  message(STATUS "Building google-cloud-cpp from source")
-  message(STATUS "Only building the google-cloud-cpp::storage component")
+function(build_google_cloud_cpp_storage)
+  list(APPEND CMAKE_MESSAGE_INDENT "google-cloud-cpp: ")
+  message(STATUS "Building google-cloud-cpp from source using FetchContent")
+  set(GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_VENDORED
+      TRUE
+      PARENT_SCOPE)
 
   # List of dependencies taken from https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-cpp/blob/main/doc/packaging.md
   build_crc32c_once()
@@ -3550,160 +3405,40 @@ macro(build_google_cloud_cpp_storage)
   # For now, force its inclusion from the underlying system or fail.
   find_curl()
 
-  # Build google-cloud-cpp, with only storage_client
+  fetchcontent_declare(google_cloud_cpp
+                       ${FC_DECLARE_COMMON_OPTIONS}
+                       URL ${google_cloud_cpp_storage_SOURCE_URL}
+                       URL_HASH "SHA256=${ARROW_GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_BUILD_SHA256_CHECKSUM}")
 
-  # Inject vendored packages via CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
-  if(ABSL_VENDORED)
-    list(APPEND GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_PREFIX_PATH_LIST ${ABSL_PREFIX})
-  endif()
-  if(ZLIB_VENDORED)
-    list(APPEND GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_PREFIX_PATH_LIST ${ZLIB_PREFIX})
-  endif()
-  list(APPEND GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_PREFIX_PATH_LIST ${CRC32C_PREFIX})
-  list(APPEND GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_PREFIX_PATH_LIST ${NLOHMANN_JSON_PREFIX})
+  prepare_fetchcontent()
 
-  string(JOIN ${EP_LIST_SEPARATOR} GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_PREFIX_PATH
-         ${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_PREFIX_PATH_LIST})
+  message(STATUS "Only building the google-cloud-cpp::storage component")
+  set(GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE storage)
+  # We need this to build with OpenSSL 3.0.
+  # See also: https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-cpp/issues/8544
+  set(GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_WERROR OFF)
+  set(GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_WITH_MOCKS OFF)
+  # Disable installation when embedded via FetchContent
+  # set(GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_INSTALL OFF)
+  set(BUILD_TESTING OFF)
+  # Unity build causes some build errors.
+  set(CMAKE_UNITY_BUILD FALSE)
 
-  set(GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_INSTALL_PREFIX
-      "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/google_cloud_cpp_ep-install")
-  set(GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_INCLUDE_DIR "${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_INSTALL_PREFIX}/include")
-  set(GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_CMAKE_ARGS
-      ${EP_COMMON_CMAKE_ARGS}
-      "-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=<INSTALL_DIR>"
-      -DCMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH=$ORIGIN
-      -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_PREFIX_PATH}
-      # Compile only the storage library and its dependencies. To enable
-      # other services (Spanner, Bigtable, etc.) add them (as a list) to this
-      # parameter. Each has its own `google-cloud-cpp::*` library.
-      -DGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE=storage
-      # We need this to build with OpenSSL 3.0.
-      # See also: https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-cpp/issues/8544
-      -DGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_ENABLE_WERROR=OFF
-      -DGOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_WITH_MOCKS=OFF
-      -DOPENSSL_CRYPTO_LIBRARY=${OPENSSL_CRYPTO_LIBRARY}
-      -DOPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR=${OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR}
-      -DOPENSSL_SSL_LIBRARY=${OPENSSL_SSL_LIBRARY})
-
-  add_custom_target(google_cloud_cpp_dependencies)
+  fetchcontent_makeavailable(google_cloud_cpp)
 
-  if(ABSL_VENDORED)
-    add_dependencies(google_cloud_cpp_dependencies absl_fc)
-  endif()
-  if(ZLIB_VENDORED)
-    add_dependencies(google_cloud_cpp_dependencies zlib_ep)
-  endif()
-  add_dependencies(google_cloud_cpp_dependencies crc32c_fc)
-  if(NLOHMANN_JSON_VENDORED)
-    add_dependencies(google_cloud_cpp_dependencies nlohmann_json_fc)
-  else()
-    add_dependencies(google_cloud_cpp_dependencies nlohmann_json::nlohmann_json)
+  if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.28)
+    set_property(DIRECTORY ${google_cloud_cpp_SOURCE_DIR} PROPERTY EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL TRUE)
   endif()
 
-  set(GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_STATIC_LIBRARY_STORAGE
-      "${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}google_cloud_cpp_storage${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
-  )
-
-  set(GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_STATIC_LIBRARY_REST_INTERNAL
-      "${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}google_cloud_cpp_rest_internal${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
-  )
-
-  set(GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_STATIC_LIBRARY_COMMON
-      "${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}google_cloud_cpp_common${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
-  )
-
   # Remove unused directories to save build directory storage.
   # 141MB -> 79MB
-  set(GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_PATCH_COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E)
-  if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.17)
-    list(APPEND GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_PATCH_COMMAND remove_directory)
-  else()
-    list(APPEND GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_PATCH_COMMAND rm -rf)
-  endif()
-  list(APPEND GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_PATCH_COMMAND ci)
-
-  externalproject_add(google_cloud_cpp_ep
-                      ${EP_COMMON_OPTIONS}
-                      INSTALL_DIR ${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_INSTALL_PREFIX}
-                      URL ${google_cloud_cpp_storage_SOURCE_URL}
-                      URL_HASH "SHA256=${ARROW_GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_BUILD_SHA256_CHECKSUM}"
-                      PATCH_COMMAND ${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_PATCH_COMMAND}
-                      CMAKE_ARGS ${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_CMAKE_ARGS}
-                      BUILD_BYPRODUCTS ${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_STATIC_LIBRARY_STORAGE}
-                                       ${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_STATIC_LIBRARY_REST_INTERNAL}
-                                       ${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_STATIC_LIBRARY_COMMON}
-                      DEPENDS google_cloud_cpp_dependencies)
-
-  # Work around https://gitlab.kitware.com/cmake/cmake/issues/15052
-  file(MAKE_DIRECTORY ${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_INCLUDE_DIR})
-
-  add_library(google-cloud-cpp::common STATIC IMPORTED)
-  set_target_properties(google-cloud-cpp::common
-                        PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
-                                   "${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_STATIC_LIBRARY_COMMON}")
-  target_include_directories(google-cloud-cpp::common BEFORE
-                             INTERFACE "${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_INCLUDE_DIR}")
-  # Refer to https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-cpp/blob/main/google/cloud/google_cloud_cpp_common.cmake
-  # (substitute `main` for the SHA of the version we use)
-  # Version 1.39.0 is at a different place (they refactored after):
-  # https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-cpp/blob/29e5af8ca9b26cec62106d189b50549f4dc1c598/google/cloud/CMakeLists.txt#L146-L155
-  target_link_libraries(google-cloud-cpp::common
-                        INTERFACE absl::base
-                                  absl::cord
-                                  absl::memory
-                                  absl::optional
-                                  absl::span
-                                  absl::time
-                                  absl::variant
-                                  Threads::Threads
-                                  OpenSSL::Crypto)
-
-  add_library(google-cloud-cpp::rest-internal STATIC IMPORTED)
-  set_target_properties(google-cloud-cpp::rest-internal
-                        PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
-                                   "${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_STATIC_LIBRARY_REST_INTERNAL}")
-  target_include_directories(google-cloud-cpp::rest-internal BEFORE
-                             INTERFACE "${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_INCLUDE_DIR}")
-  target_link_libraries(google-cloud-cpp::rest-internal
-                        INTERFACE absl::span
-                                  google-cloud-cpp::common
-                                  CURL::libcurl
-                                  nlohmann_json::nlohmann_json
-                                  OpenSSL::SSL
-                                  OpenSSL::Crypto)
-  if(WIN32)
-    target_link_libraries(google-cloud-cpp::rest-internal INTERFACE ws2_32)
-  endif()
-
-  add_library(google-cloud-cpp::storage STATIC IMPORTED)
-  set_target_properties(google-cloud-cpp::storage
-                        PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
-                                   "${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_STATIC_LIBRARY_STORAGE}")
-  target_include_directories(google-cloud-cpp::storage BEFORE
-                             INTERFACE "${GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP_INCLUDE_DIR}")
-  # Update this from https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-cpp/blob/main/google/cloud/storage/google_cloud_cpp_storage.cmake
-  target_link_libraries(google-cloud-cpp::storage
-                        INTERFACE google-cloud-cpp::common
-                                  google-cloud-cpp::rest-internal
-                                  absl::memory
-                                  absl::strings
-                                  absl::str_format
-                                  absl::time
-                                  absl::variant
-                                  nlohmann_json::nlohmann_json
-                                  Crc32c::crc32c
-                                  CURL::libcurl
-                                  Threads::Threads
-                                  OpenSSL::SSL
-                                  OpenSSL::Crypto
-                                  ZLIB::ZLIB)
-  add_dependencies(google-cloud-cpp::storage google_cloud_cpp_ep)
-
+  file(REMOVE_RECURSE "${google_cloud_cpp_SOURCE_DIR}/ci")
   list(APPEND
        ARROW_BUNDLED_STATIC_LIBS
        google-cloud-cpp::storage
-       google-cloud-cpp::rest-internal
+       google-cloud-cpp::rest_internal
        google-cloud-cpp::common)
+
   if(ABSL_VENDORED)
     # Figure out what absl libraries (not header-only) are required by the
     # google-cloud-cpp libraries above and add them to the bundled_dependencies
@@ -3739,7 +3474,13 @@ macro(build_google_cloud_cpp_storage)
          absl::time
          absl::time_zone)
   endif()
-endmacro()
+
+  set(ARROW_BUNDLED_STATIC_LIBS
+      "${ARROW_BUNDLED_STATIC_LIBS}"
+      PARENT_SCOPE)
+
+  list(POP_BACK CMAKE_MESSAGE_INDENT)
+endfunction()
 
 if(ARROW_WITH_GOOGLE_CLOUD_CPP)
   if(NOT ARROW_ENABLE_THREADING)
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt
index ec8b6c1b32f2..deb6db3cdd37 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -909,6 +909,13 @@ if(ARROW_FILESYSTEM)
     list(APPEND ARROW_FILESYSTEM_SRCS filesystem/gcsfs.cc filesystem/gcsfs_internal.cc)
     set_source_files_properties(filesystem/gcsfs.cc filesystem/gcsfs_internal.cc
                                 PROPERTIES SKIP_UNITY_BUILD_INCLUSION ON)
+    # Suppress documentation warnings from google-cloud-cpp headers
+    if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang|AppleClang")
+      set_source_files_properties(filesystem/gcsfs.cc filesystem/gcsfs_internal.cc
+                                  PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS
+                                             "-Wno-documentation -Wno-documentation-deprecated-sync"
+      )
+    endif()
   endif()
   if(ARROW_HDFS)
     list(APPEND ARROW_FILESYSTEM_SRCS filesystem/hdfs.cc)
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/CMakeLists.txt
index 9c5e655f6cc7..e6330df42603 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -48,6 +48,12 @@ if(ARROW_GCS)
                  filesystem
                  EXTRA_LINK_LIBS
                  google-cloud-cpp::storage)
+  if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang|AppleClang")
+    if(TARGET arrow-gcsfs-test)
+      target_compile_options(arrow-gcsfs-test PRIVATE -Wno-documentation
+                                                      -Wno-documentation-deprecated-sync)
+    endif()
+  endif()
 endif()
 
 if(ARROW_AZURE)