branch-4.0: [opt](memory) implement freeing memory column by column for partial update (#58275) (#58843)

pick #58275

Now, pages of column writer will be released after write all memtable
block in the scenario of partial updates, the process is as follows:
1. create all column_writer
2. append all column_writer (significant amount of memory expansion)
3. finish and free memory. This implement will cause a significant
amount of memory expansion when flushing memtable(The larger the number
of columns, the more obvious it is), and make load could easily
cancelled by memory manager when table column too wide(such as 5000
column).
This pr implement freeing memory column by column for partial update to
solve the problem, the process is as follows:
1. create all column_writer
2. append column_writer and free memory column by column. Test using
machines with specifications of 16c and 64G with 5000 column table:

- Before this pr, `VerticalSegmentWriter::_create_column_writer`
occupies nearly 20% of the memory.
- After fix, ` VerticalSegmentWriter::_create_column_writer` hardly
occupies memory.

### What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #xxx

Related PR: #xxx

Problem Summary:

### Release note

None

### Check List (For Author)

- Test <!-- At least one of them must be included. -->
    - [ ] Regression test
    - [ ] Unit Test
    - [ ] Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
    - [ ] No need to test or manual test. Explain why:
- [ ] This is a refactor/code format and no logic has been changed.
        - [ ] Previous test can cover this change.
        - [ ] No code files have been changed.
        - [ ] Other reason <!-- Add your reason?  -->

- Behavior changed:
    - [ ] No.
    - [ ] Yes. <!-- Explain the behavior change -->

- Does this need documentation?
    - [ ] No.
- [ ] Yes. <!-- Add document PR link here. eg:
apache/doris-website#1214 -->

### Check List (For Reviewer who merge this PR)

- [ ] Confirm the release note
- [ ] Confirm test cases
- [ ] Confirm document
- [ ] Add branch pick label <!-- Add branch pick label that this PR
should merge into -->

Author: sollhui

be/src/olap/rowset/segment_v2/vertical_segment_writer.cpp

@@ -451,6 +451,19 @@ Status VerticalSegmentWriter::_probe_key_for_mow(
     return Status::OK();
 }
 
+Status VerticalSegmentWriter::_finalize_column_writer_and_update_meta(size_t cid) {
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(_column_writers[cid]->finish());
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(_column_writers[cid]->write_data());
+
+    auto* column_meta = _column_writers[cid]->get_column_meta();
+    column_meta->set_compressed_data_bytes(
+            _column_writers[cid]->get_total_compressed_data_pages_bytes());
+    column_meta->set_uncompressed_data_bytes(
+            _column_writers[cid]->get_total_uncompressed_data_pages_bytes());
+    column_meta->set_raw_data_bytes(_column_writers[cid]->get_raw_data_bytes());
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
 Status VerticalSegmentWriter::_partial_update_preconditions_check(size_t row_pos,
                                                                   bool is_flexible_update) {
     if (!_is_mow()) {
@@ -540,6 +553,7 @@ Status VerticalSegmentWriter::_append_block_with_partial_content(RowsInBlock& da
         }
         RETURN_IF_ERROR(_column_writers[cid]->append(column->get_nullmap(), column->get_data(),
                                                      data.num_rows));
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(_finalize_column_writer_and_update_meta(cid));
     }
 
     bool has_default_or_nullable = false;
@@ -629,6 +643,7 @@ Status VerticalSegmentWriter::_append_block_with_partial_content(RowsInBlock& da
         }
         RETURN_IF_ERROR(_column_writers[cid]->append(column->get_nullmap(), column->get_data(),
                                                      data.num_rows));
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(_finalize_column_writer_and_update_meta(cid));
     }
 
     _num_rows_updated += stats.num_rows_updated;
@@ -726,6 +741,7 @@ Status VerticalSegmentWriter::_append_block_with_flexible_partial_content(
         RETURN_IF_ERROR(_column_writers[cid]->append(column->get_nullmap(), column->get_data(),
                                                      data.num_rows));
         DCHECK(_column_writers[cid]->get_next_rowid() == _num_rows_written + data.num_rows);
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(_finalize_column_writer_and_update_meta(cid));
     }
 
     // 5. genreate read plan
@@ -771,6 +787,7 @@ Status VerticalSegmentWriter::_append_block_with_flexible_partial_content(
         RETURN_IF_ERROR(_column_writers[cid]->append(column->get_nullmap(), column->get_data(),
                                                      data.num_rows));
         DCHECK(_column_writers[cid]->get_next_rowid() == _num_rows_written + data.num_rows);
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(_finalize_column_writer_and_update_meta(cid));
     }
 
     _num_rows_updated += stats.num_rows_updated;
@@ -932,17 +949,6 @@ Status VerticalSegmentWriter::write_batch() {
                 RETURN_IF_ERROR(_append_block_with_partial_content(data, full_block));
             }
         }
-        for (auto& column_writer : _column_writers) {
-            RETURN_IF_ERROR(column_writer->finish());
-            RETURN_IF_ERROR(column_writer->write_data());
-
-            auto* column_meta = column_writer->get_column_meta();
-            column_meta->set_compressed_data_bytes(
-                    column_writer->get_total_compressed_data_pages_bytes());
-            column_meta->set_uncompressed_data_bytes(
-                    column_writer->get_total_uncompressed_data_pages_bytes());
-            column_meta->set_raw_data_bytes(column_writer->get_raw_data_bytes());
-        }
         return Status::OK();
     }
     // Row column should be filled here when it's a directly write from memtable
@@ -992,15 +998,7 @@ Status VerticalSegmentWriter::write_batch() {
             return Status::Error<DISK_REACH_CAPACITY_LIMIT>("disk {} exceed capacity limit.",
                                                             _data_dir->path_hash());
         }
-        RETURN_IF_ERROR(_column_writers[cid]->finish());
-        RETURN_IF_ERROR(_column_writers[cid]->write_data());
-
-        auto* column_meta = _column_writers[cid]->get_column_meta();
-        column_meta->set_compressed_data_bytes(
-                _column_writers[cid]->get_total_compressed_data_pages_bytes());
-        column_meta->set_uncompressed_data_bytes(
-                _column_writers[cid]->get_total_uncompressed_data_pages_bytes());
-        column_meta->set_raw_data_bytes(_column_writers[cid]->get_raw_data_bytes());
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(_finalize_column_writer_and_update_meta(cid));
     }
 
     for (auto& data : _batched_blocks) {

be/src/olap/rowset/segment_v2/vertical_segment_writer.h

@@ -198,6 +198,8 @@ class VerticalSegmentWriter {
             vectorized::IOlapColumnDataAccessor* seq_column, size_t num_rows, bool need_sort);
     Status _generate_short_key_index(std::vector<vectorized::IOlapColumnDataAccessor*>& key_columns,
                                      size_t num_rows, const std::vector<size_t>& short_key_pos);
+    Status _finalize_column_writer_and_update_meta(size_t cid);
+
     bool _is_mow();
     bool _is_mow_with_cluster_key();