[Enhancement](func) Add fold constant for PREVIOUS_DAY (#60755)

Related PR: #60680

Author: linrrzqqq

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/expressions/functions/executable/DateTimeExtractAndTransform.java

@@ -1206,6 +1206,20 @@ public static Expression nextDay(DateV2Literal date, StringLiteral day) {
         return date.plusDays(daysToAdd);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * date arithmetic function previous_day
+     */
+    @ExecFunction(name = "previous_day")
+    public static Expression previousDay(DateV2Literal date, StringLiteral day) {
+        int dayOfWeek = getDayOfWeek(day.getValue());
+        if (dayOfWeek == 0) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Invalid day of week: " + day.getValue());
+        }
+        int daysToSub = (date.getDayOfWeek() - dayOfWeek + 7) % 7;
+        daysToSub = daysToSub == 0 ? 7 : daysToSub;
+        return date.plusDays(-daysToSub);
+    }
+
     /**
      * date transform function sec_to_time
      */