Add missing Arrow AzureFileSystem parameters (#2301)

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# Rationale for this change
Similar to #2299
This PR adds the rest of the parameters to
[`pyarrow.fs.AzureFileSystem`](https://arrow.apache.org/docs/python/generated/pyarrow.fs.AzureFileSystem.html)

Note the [Azure Data Lake configuration
page](https://github.com/apache/iceberg-python/blob/main/mkdocs/docs/configuration.md#azure-data-lake)
already has these 3 parameters

# Are these changes tested?

# Are there any user-facing changes?

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Author: kevinjqliu

pyiceberg/io/pyarrow.py

@@ -87,9 +87,12 @@
     ADLS_ACCOUNT_NAME,
     ADLS_BLOB_STORAGE_AUTHORITY,
     ADLS_BLOB_STORAGE_SCHEME,
+    ADLS_CLIENT_ID,
+    ADLS_CLIENT_SECRET,
     ADLS_DFS_STORAGE_AUTHORITY,
     ADLS_DFS_STORAGE_SCHEME,
     ADLS_SAS_TOKEN,
+    ADLS_TENANT_ID,
     AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID,
     AWS_REGION,
     AWS_ROLE_ARN,
@@ -501,6 +504,7 @@ def _initialize_s3_fs(self, netloc: Optional[str]) -> FileSystem:
         return S3FileSystem(**client_kwargs)
 
     def _initialize_azure_fs(self) -> FileSystem:
+        # https://arrow.apache.org/docs/python/generated/pyarrow.fs.AzureFileSystem.html
         from packaging import version
 
         MIN_PYARROW_VERSION_SUPPORTING_AZURE_FS = "20.0.0"
@@ -535,6 +539,24 @@ def _initialize_azure_fs(self) -> FileSystem:
         if sas_token := self.properties.get(ADLS_SAS_TOKEN):
             client_kwargs["sas_token"] = sas_token
 
+        if client_id := self.properties.get(ADLS_CLIENT_ID):
+            client_kwargs["client_id"] = client_id
+        if client_secret := self.properties.get(ADLS_CLIENT_SECRET):
+            client_kwargs["client_secret"] = client_secret
+        if tenant_id := self.properties.get(ADLS_TENANT_ID):
+            client_kwargs["tenant_id"] = tenant_id
+
+        # Validate that all three are provided together for ClientSecretCredential
+        credential_keys = ["client_id", "client_secret", "tenant_id"]
+        provided_keys = [key for key in credential_keys if key in client_kwargs]
+        if provided_keys and len(provided_keys) != len(credential_keys):
+            missing_keys = [key for key in credential_keys if key not in client_kwargs]
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"client_id, client_secret, and tenant_id must all be provided together "
+                f"to use ClientSecretCredential for Azure authentication. "
+                f"Provided: {provided_keys}, Missing: {missing_keys}"
+            )
+
         return AzureFileSystem(**client_kwargs)
 
     def _initialize_hdfs_fs(self, scheme: str, netloc: Optional[str]) -> FileSystem: