[SPARK-51419][SQL][FOLLOWUP] Making hour function to accept any precision of TIME type

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
This is followup PR of [SPARK-51419 ](#50355)

### Why are the changes needed?
This Followup PR allows any precision in the range of [0,6] for the hour function

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?
Yes. This changes allows User to execute below query

```
spark.sql("select hour(cast('12:00:01.123' as time(3)))").show(false)
```

### How was this patch tested?
We tested by running sample query as below

```
spark.sql("select hour(cast('12:00:01.123' as time(3)))").show(false)
```

Output:

```
+-----------------------------------+
|hour(CAST(12:00:01.123 AS TIME(3)))|
+-----------------------------------+
|12                                                        |
+-----------------------------------+

```

### Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?
No

Closes #50554 from senthh/SPARK-51419_followup.

Authored-by: senthh <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Max Gekk <[email protected]>

Author: senthh

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/timeExpressions.scala

@@ -251,7 +251,8 @@ case class HoursOfTime(child: Expression)
     Seq(child.dataType)
   )
 
-  override def inputTypes: Seq[AbstractDataType] = Seq(TimeType())
+  override def inputTypes: Seq[AbstractDataType] =
+    Seq(TypeCollection(TimeType.MIN_PRECISION to TimeType.MAX_PRECISION map TimeType: _*))
 
   override def children: Seq[Expression] = Seq(child)
 

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/TimeExpressionsSuite.scala

@@ -75,6 +75,18 @@ class TimeExpressionsSuite extends SparkFunSuite with ExpressionEvalHelper {
     assert(builtExprForTime.isInstanceOf[HoursOfTime])
     assert(builtExprForTime.asInstanceOf[HoursOfTime].child eq timeExpr)
 
+    assert(builtExprForTime.checkInputDataTypes().isSuccess)
+
+    // test TIME-typed child should build HoursOfTime for all allowed custom precision values
+    (TimeType.MIN_PRECISION to TimeType.MICROS_PRECISION).foreach { precision =>
+      val timeExpr = Literal(localTime(12, 58, 59), TimeType(precision))
+      val builtExpr = HourExpressionBuilder.build("hour", Seq(timeExpr))
+
+      assert(builtExpr.isInstanceOf[HoursOfTime])
+      assert(builtExpr.asInstanceOf[HoursOfTime].child eq timeExpr)
+      assert(builtExpr.checkInputDataTypes().isSuccess)
+    }
+
     // test non TIME-typed child should build hour
     val tsExpr = Literal("2007-09-03 10:45:23")
     val builtExprForTs = HourExpressionBuilder.build("hour", Seq(tsExpr))