diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/QueryPlan.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/QueryPlan.scala
index 7801cd347f7dc..df2762ae92160 100644
--- a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/QueryPlan.scala
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/QueryPlan.scala
@@ -630,6 +630,20 @@ abstract class QueryPlan[PlanType <: QueryPlan[PlanType]]
     foreach(actualFunc)
   }
 
+  /**
+   * A variant of [[foreachWithSubqueries]] with pruning support.
+   * Only traverses nodes that match the given condition.
+   */
+  def foreachWithSubqueriesAndPruning(
+      cond: TreePatternBits => Boolean)(f: PlanType => Unit): Unit = {
+    if (!cond.apply(this)) {
+      return
+    }
+    f(this)
+    subqueries.foreach(_.foreachWithSubqueriesAndPruning(cond)(f))
+    children.foreach(_.foreachWithSubqueriesAndPruning(cond)(f))
+  }
+
   /**
    * A variant of `collect`. This method not only apply the given function to all elements in this
    * plan, also considering all the plans in its (nested) subqueries.
diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/QueryPlanSuite.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/QueryPlanSuite.scala
index 03ed466e2b039..91f990be7bb23 100644
--- a/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/QueryPlanSuite.scala
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/QueryPlanSuite.scala
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 
 package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans
 
+import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
+
 import org.apache.spark.SparkFunSuite
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.TableIdentifier
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.UnresolvedRelation
@@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.dsl.plans._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{Alias, AttributeReference, Expression, ListQuery, Literal, NamedExpression, Rand}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.{Filter, LocalRelation, LogicalPlan, Project, Union}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.Rule
-import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.{CurrentOrigin, Origin}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.{CurrentOrigin, Origin, TreePattern}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types.IntegerType
 
 class QueryPlanSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
@@ -160,4 +162,27 @@ class QueryPlanSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
     val planAfterTestRule = testRule(plan)
     assert(planAfterTestRule.output(0).nullable)
   }
+
+  test("SPARK-54865: pruning works correctly in foreachWithSubqueriesAndPruning") {
+    val a: NamedExpression = AttributeReference("a", IntegerType)()
+    val plan = Project(
+      Seq(a),
+      Filter(
+        ListQuery(Project(
+          Seq(a),
+          UnresolvedRelation(TableIdentifier("t", None))
+        )),
+        UnresolvedRelation(TableIdentifier("t", None))
+      )
+    )
+
+    val visited = ArrayBuffer[LogicalPlan]()
+    plan.foreachWithSubqueriesAndPruning(_.containsPattern(TreePattern.FILTER)) { p =>
+      visited += p
+    }
+
+    // Only 2 nodes contain FILTER pattern: outer Project and Filter
+    assert(visited.size == 2)
+    assert(visited.forall(_.containsPattern(TreePattern.FILTER)))
+  }
 }
diff --git a/sql/connect/server/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connect/planner/SparkConnectPlanner.scala b/sql/connect/server/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connect/planner/SparkConnectPlanner.scala
index 0d95fe31e0637..b2c32df4d8635 100644
--- a/sql/connect/server/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connect/planner/SparkConnectPlanner.scala
+++ b/sql/connect/server/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connect/planner/SparkConnectPlanner.scala
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ class SparkConnectPlanner(
     }
 
     if (executeHolderOpt.isDefined) {
-      plan.transformUpWithSubqueriesAndPruning(_.containsPattern(TreePattern.COLLECT_METRICS)) {
+      plan.foreachWithSubqueriesAndPruning(_.containsPattern(TreePattern.COLLECT_METRICS)) {
         case collectMetrics: CollectMetrics if !collectMetrics.child.isStreaming =>
           // TODO this might be too complex for no good reason. It might
           //  be easier to inspect the plan after it completes.
@@ -250,9 +250,10 @@ class SparkConnectPlanner(
             collectMetrics.name,
             collectMetrics.dataframeId)
           executeHolder.addObservation(collectMetrics.name, observation)
-          collectMetrics
+        case _ =>
       }
-    } else plan
+    }
+    plan
   }
 
   private def transformRelationPlugin(extension: ProtoAny): LogicalPlan = {
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/classic/ObservationManager.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/classic/ObservationManager.scala
index 308651b449fd0..b5ec18d5ff122 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/classic/ObservationManager.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/classic/ObservationManager.scala
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap
 
 import org.apache.spark.sql.{Observation, Row}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.CollectMetrics
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreePattern
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.QueryExecution
 import org.apache.spark.sql.util.QueryExecutionListener
 
@@ -54,7 +55,8 @@ private[sql] class ObservationManager(session: SparkSession) {
 
   private def tryComplete(qe: QueryExecution): Unit = {
     val allMetrics = qe.observedMetrics
-    qe.logical.foreach {
+    qe.logical.foreachWithSubqueriesAndPruning(
+      _.containsPattern(TreePattern.COLLECT_METRICS)) {
       case c: CollectMetrics =>
         val keyExists = observations.containsKey((c.name, c.dataframeId))
         val metrics = allMetrics.get(c.name)