diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/util/collection/unsafe/sort/UnsafeInMemorySorter.java b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/util/collection/unsafe/sort/UnsafeInMemorySorter.java
index 65aa7c815fc42..c25c24cf61139 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/util/collection/unsafe/sort/UnsafeInMemorySorter.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/util/collection/unsafe/sort/UnsafeInMemorySorter.java
@@ -169,21 +169,28 @@ public long getInitialSize() {
    * Free the memory used by pointer array.
    */
   public void freeMemory() {
-    if (consumer != null) {
-      if (array != null) {
-        consumer.freeArray(array);
+    LongArray arrayToFree = null;
+    try {
+      synchronized (this) {
+        arrayToFree = array;
+
+        // Set the array to null instead of allocating a new array. Allocating an array could have
+        // triggered another spill and this method already is called from UnsafeExternalSorter when
+        // spilling. Attempting to allocate while spilling is dangerous, as we could be holding onto
+        // a large partially complete allocation, which may prevent other memory from being
+        // allocated.
+        // Instead we will allocate the new array when it is necessary.
+        array = null;
+        usableCapacity = 0;
+
+        pos = 0;
+        nullBoundaryPos = 0;
+      }
+    } finally {
+      if (consumer != null && arrayToFree != null) {
+        consumer.freeArray(arrayToFree);
       }
-
-      // Set the array to null instead of allocating a new array. Allocating an array could have
-      // triggered another spill and this method already is called from UnsafeExternalSorter when
-      // spilling. Attempting to allocate while spilling is dangerous, as we could be holding onto
-      // a large partially complete allocation, which may prevent other memory from being allocated.
-      // Instead we will allocate the new array when it is necessary.
-      array = null;
-      usableCapacity = 0;
     }
-    pos = 0;
-    nullBoundaryPos = 0;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -227,8 +234,10 @@ public void expandPointerArray(LongArray newArray) {
         pos * 8L);
       consumer.freeArray(array);
     }
-    array = newArray;
-    usableCapacity = getUsableCapacity();
+    synchronized (this) {
+      array = newArray;
+      usableCapacity = getUsableCapacity();
+    }
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/core/src/test/java/org/apache/spark/util/collection/unsafe/sort/UnsafeInMemorySorterSuite.java b/core/src/test/java/org/apache/spark/util/collection/unsafe/sort/UnsafeInMemorySorterSuite.java
index a612824fed498..2cfd9e1676e3d 100644
--- a/core/src/test/java/org/apache/spark/util/collection/unsafe/sort/UnsafeInMemorySorterSuite.java
+++ b/core/src/test/java/org/apache/spark/util/collection/unsafe/sort/UnsafeInMemorySorterSuite.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
 
 import org.apache.spark.unsafe.array.LongArray;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
@@ -191,4 +192,46 @@ public int compare(
     assertEquals(0L, memoryManager.cleanUpAllAllocatedMemory());
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void testThreadSafety() throws InterruptedException {
+    final TestMemoryManager memoryManager =new TestMemoryManager(
+            new SparkConf().set(package$.MODULE$.MEMORY_OFFHEAP_ENABLED(), false));
+    final TaskMemoryManager taskMemoryManager = new TaskMemoryManager(memoryManager, 0);
+    final TestMemoryConsumer consumer = new TestMemoryConsumer(taskMemoryManager);
+    UnsafeInMemorySorter sorter = new UnsafeInMemorySorter(consumer,
+            taskMemoryManager,
+            mock(RecordComparator.class),
+            mock(PrefixComparator.class),
+            100,
+            shouldUseRadixSort());
+
+    int timeout = 10000;
+    long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
+    while (true) {
+      sorter.freeMemory();
+      CountDownLatch downLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+      Thread thread1 = new Thread(() -> {
+        sorter.expandPointerArray(consumer.allocateArray(2000));
+        downLatch.countDown();
+      });
+      Thread thread2 = new Thread(() -> {
+        sorter.freeMemory();
+        try {
+            downLatch.await();
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+        sorter.freeMemory();
+      });
+      thread1.start();
+      thread2.start();
+      thread1.join();
+      thread2.join();
+      Assertions.assertEquals(0, memoryManager.getExecutionMemoryUsageForTask(0));
+      if (System.currentTimeMillis() - start > timeout) {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
 }