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docs/technologies/ubuntu/getting-started.mdx

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@@ -13,6 +13,30 @@ This page aims to help beginners get familiar with **Ubuntu**, a popular Linux d
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> Topics covered
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- `Ubuntu` A short history
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- `Ubuntu` How to install
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- Installing Ubuntu on a Laptop/Desktop
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- Installing Ubuntu in a Virtual Machine via `VirtualBox`
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- Managing the system using the CLI
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- `sudo`
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- `apt`
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- `apt-get`
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- Managing the users via CLI
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- Installing packages
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- Recommended packages for programming
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- Python
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- MySQL
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- PostgreSQL
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- MongoDB
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- Redis
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- Managing the services
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- CRON
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- Links & Resources
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## `Ubuntu` a short story
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Ubuntu is a popular Linux-based operating system that was first released in 2004.
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## `Ubuntu` How to install
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There are two main ways to install Ubuntu: on a laptop/desktop and in a virtual machine.
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### Installing Ubuntu on a Laptop/Desktop
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Before we begin, here's what you'll need:
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- A laptop or PC with at least 25GB of storage space.
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- A 4GB or larger USB stick/flash drive.
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- An Ubuntu ISO file. You can download it from the [official Ubuntu website](https://ubuntu.com/download).
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#### Create a bootable USB stick
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To install Ubuntu on your computer, you need to create a bootable USB drive with the Ubuntu ISO file. Here's how you can do it on Windows:
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1. Download the Ubuntu ISO file from the [official website](https://ubuntu.com/download).
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2. Download and install [Rufus](https://rufus.ie/). It's a free and open source USB stick writing tool that you can use to create a bootable USB drive.
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3. Insert a USB drive with at least 4GB of space into your computer.
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4. Open Rufus and select the USB drive you inserted.
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5. Select the Ubuntu ISO file you downloaded.
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6. Keep the rest as default and click "START".
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7. Rufus may ask for additional files to complete writing the ISO. If this happens, select **Yes** to continue.
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8. You'll be alerted that Rufus has detected that the Ubuntu ISO is an *ISOHybrid image*. Keep *Write in ISO Image mode* selected and click **OK** to continue.
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9. Rufus will warn you that all data on your selected USB device will be destroyed. Double check that you've selected the correct device and click **OK** when you're sure.
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10. Wait a few minutes for Rufus to write the ISO to your USB stick.
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If you are using a different operating system, you can use an alternative tool like [Etcher](https://www.balena.io/etcher) to create the bootable USB drive.
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#### Install Ubuntu
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1. Restart your computer and enter the BIOS by pressing F2 or F10 or F12 (depending on your computer) when the logo appears.
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2. Go to the "Boot" tab and select the bootable USB drive as the primary boot option. Save and exit the BIOS. Your computer will restart and boot into the Ubuntu installation process.
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3. Follow the on-screen instructions to install Ubuntu on your computer.
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4. In the "Type of Installation" page, select "Erase disk and install Ubuntu" if you want Ubuntu to be the only operating system on your hard drive.
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5. Review your configuration then click "Install" when you are sure. Note that once you begin the installation process, you cannot return to this point.
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6. Once the process finishes, you will be asked to restart the system. Remove the USB disk and press enter. Your system will reboot and start Ubuntu.
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You've successfully installed Ubuntu on your laptop or desktop computer. Enjoy exploring this powerful and user-friendly operating system!
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### Installing Ubuntu in a Virtual Machine via VirtualBox
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If you don't want to install Ubuntu directly on your computer, you can also install it in a virtual machine using VirtualBox. Here's how to do it:
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1. Download and install VirtualBox from the [official website](https://www.virtualbox.org/).
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2. Download the Ubuntu ISO file from the [official Ubuntu website](https://ubuntu.com/download).
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3. Open VirtualBox and click "New" to create a new virtual machine.
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4. Follow the on-screen instructions to create a new virtual machine. Fill in the appropriate details.
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5. Fill the basic details of your virtual machine.
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- Name: Ubuntu 22.04 (depends on your version)
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- Folder: Select folder where your virtual machines will be stored
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- ISO Image: Ubuntu ISO file you downloaded
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- Type: Linux
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- Version: Ubuntu (64-bit)
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6. Create a user profile with a username and password for the automatic installation.
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7. Specify the resources for your virtual machine, such as RAM and CPU usage, and the size of the hard disk.
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- Base memory: At least 4GB
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- Processors: 4 CPUs
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- Hard disk: Create a new virtual hard disk
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- Disk size: At least 25 GB
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8. Review the summary of your machine settings and click "Finish" to create the virtual machine.
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9. Start the virtual machine and follow the on-screen instructions to complete the Ubuntu installation.
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## Managing Ubuntu using the CLI
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The command-line interface (CLI) is a powerful tool for managing Ubuntu.

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