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Input/output timing added
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‎content/hardware/07.opta/opta-family/opta/tutorials/01.user-manual/content.md

Lines changed: 80 additions & 34 deletions
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@@ -1850,6 +1850,15 @@ Analog/digital input terminals are mapped as described in the following table:
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| I15 | 14 |
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| I16 | 15 |
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The **reading time** of digital and analog inputs is detailed in the table below:
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| **Channel type** | **Number of inputs** | **Function** | **Time** | **Notes** |
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|:----------------:|:--------------------:|:------------------------------:|:--------:|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:|
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| Digital | All at once | `digitalRead(pin, true)` | ~580 µs | This function even if used to read a "single pin" actually updates the value of all the digital pins. |
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| Digital | All at once | `updateDigitalInputs()` | ~580 µs | This function is also included in the measure `digitalRead(0, false)` |
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| Analog | One | `getAnalogRead(channel, true)` | ~600 µs | Time does not change converting the value to physical unit (i.e. using `pinVoltage()`) |
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| Analog | All at once | `updateAnalogInputs()` | ~1.28 ms | This function is also included in the measure `getAnalogRead(0, false)` |
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#### Digital
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| **Characteristics** | **Details** |
@@ -1858,6 +1867,7 @@ Analog/digital input terminals are mapped as described in the following table:
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| Digital Input voltage logic level | VIL Max: 4 VDC. VHL Min: 5.9 VDC |
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| Digital Input current | 4.12mA at 24V \| 2.05mA at 10V |
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| Digital Input frequency | 300 Hz |
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| All inputs at once reading time | ~580 µs |
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The state of an input terminal, configured as digital, can be read using the built-in function `digitalRead()` as shown below:
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@@ -2006,13 +2016,15 @@ LL LL LL LL LL HH LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL
20062016

20072017
#### Analog
20082018

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| **Characteristics** | **Details** |
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|:-----------------------:|:-----------:|
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| Analog Input voltage | 0...24V |
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| Analog Input resolution | 14 bits |
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| Analog Input LSB value | 1.733 mV |
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| Accuracy | +/- 5% |
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| Repeatability | +/- 2% |
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| **Characteristics** | **Details** |
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|:-------------------------------:|:-----------:|
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| Analog Input voltage | 0...24V |
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| Analog Input resolution | 14 bits |
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| Analog Input LSB value | 1.733 mV |
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| Accuracy | +/- 5% |
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| Repeatability | +/- 2% |
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| One input reading time | ~600 µs |
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| All inputs at once reading time | ~1.28 ms |
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The state of an input terminal, configured as analog, can be read using the built-in function `analogRead()` as shown below:
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@@ -2159,6 +2171,7 @@ Expansion[0]: type DIGITAL [Mechanical], I2C address: 11
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![Analog Input wiring example](assets/analog-inputs.png)
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#### Outputs
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The Opta™ Expansions have **8 relay outputs** accessible through terminals pairs `1` to `8`.
@@ -2480,16 +2493,28 @@ Input terminals are mapped as described in the following table:
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| I6 | 6 or OA_CH_6 |
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| O2 | 7 or OA_CH_7 |
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The **reading time** of digital and analog inputs is detailed in the table below:
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| **Channel type** | **Number of inputs** | **Function** | **Time** | **Notes** |
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|:----------------:|:--------------------:|:------------------------:|:--------:|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:|
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| RTD | One | `getRtd(channel)` | ~600 µs | |
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| Analog | One | `getAdc(channel)` | ~550 µs | Time does not change converting the value to physical unit (i.e. using `pinVoltage()`) |
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| Analog | All at once | `updateAnalogInputs()` | ~890 µs | This function is also included in the measure `getAdc(0, false)` |
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| Digital | All at once | `digitalRead(pin, true)` | ~480 µs | This function even if used to read a "single pin" actually updates the value of all the digital pins. |
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| Digital | All at once | `updateDigitalInputs()` | ~480 µs | This function is also included in the measure `digitalRead(0, false)` |
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#### Digital Input Mode
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The Analog Expansion input channels can be configured as digital inputs to read 0-10 V or 0-24 V digital sensors:
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| **Characteristics** | **Details** |
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|:-----------------------:|:-----------------------------------------:|
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| Digital input voltage | 0...24 V |
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| Configurable threshold | Yes (for supporting 0...10 V logic level) |
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| Digital input current | 4.12mA at 24V \| 2.05mA at 10V |
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| Digital input frequency | 300 Hz |
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| **Characteristics** | **Details** |
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|:-------------------------------:|:-----------------------------------------:|
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| Digital input voltage | 0...24 V |
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| Configurable threshold | Yes (for supporting 0...10 V logic level) |
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| Digital input current | 4.12 mA at 24V \| 2.05 mA at 10V |
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| Digital input frequency | 300 Hz |
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| All inputs at once reading time | ~480 µs |
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The state of an input terminal configured as digital can be read using the built-in function `digitalRead()` as shown below:
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@@ -2636,14 +2661,16 @@ DI channel 7 value 0
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The Analog Expansion input channels can be configured for 0-10 V analog sensors.
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| **Characteristics** | **Details** |
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|:-----------------------:|:------------------------------------------------------:|
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| Analog input voltage | 0...10 V |
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| Analog Input resolution | 16 bits |
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| Analog input LSB value | 152.59 uV |
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| Accuracy | +/- 1% |
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| Repeatability | +/- 1% |
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| Input impedance | Min: 175 kΩ (when internal 200 kΩ resistor is enabled) |
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| **Characteristics** | **Details** |
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|:-------------------------------:|:------------------------------------------------------:|
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| Analog input voltage | 0...10 V |
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| Analog Input resolution | 16 bits |
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| Analog input LSB value | 152.59 uV |
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| Accuracy | +/- 1% |
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| Repeatability | +/- 1% |
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| Input impedance | Min: 175 kΩ (when internal 200 kΩ resistor is enabled) |
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| One input reading time | ~550 µs |
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| All inputs at once reading time | ~890 µs |
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The raw value of an input terminal configured as analog can be read using the built-in function `analogRead()` as shown below:
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@@ -2836,6 +2863,8 @@ The Analog Expansion input channels can be configured for current loop instrumen
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| Programmable current limit (per channel) | 0.5 mA to 24.5 mA (loop powered) |
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| Accuracy | +/- 1% |
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| Repeatability | +/- 1% |
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| One input reading time | ~550 µs |
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| All inputs at once reading time | ~890 µs |
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The current of an input terminal configured in current mode can be read using the built-in function `pinCurrent()` as shown below:
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@@ -3152,10 +3181,12 @@ Setting DAC output to 11 V on expansion n. 0
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The Analog Expansion input channels can be used for temperature metering with **PT100** RTDs.
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| **Characteristics** | **Details** |
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|:-------------------:|:-----------:|
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| Input range | 0...1 MΩ |
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| Bias voltage | 2.5 V |
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| **Characteristics** | **Details** |
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|:----------------------:|:-----------:|
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| Input range | 0...1 MΩ |
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| Bias voltage | 2.5 V |
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| One input reading time | ~600 µs |
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2 wires RTDs can be connected to any of the eight channels as follows:
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@@ -3364,19 +3395,30 @@ PWM output terminals are mapped as described in the following table:
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![Opta Analog Expansions Outputs](assets/outputs-analog.png)
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The **writing time** of analog outputs is detailed in the table below:
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| **Channel type** | **Number of outputs** | **Function** | **Time** | **Notes** |
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|:----------------:|:---------------------:|:--------------------------------:|:--------:|:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:|
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| DAC | One | `setDac(channel, value, true)` | ~560 µs | |
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| DAC | All at once | `updateAnalogOutputs()` | ~960 µs | This function is also included in the function `setDac(channel, value, false)` |
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| PWM | One | `setPwm(channel, period, pulse)` | ~700 µs | In case the new setting is equal to the old one no message is sent and the function execution takes a few µs |
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#### Analog Voltage Output Mode
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This output mode lets you control voltage-driven actuators or communicate with other devices through analog voltages.
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| **Characteristics** | **Details** |
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|:--------------------------------------------:|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:|
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| Analog output voltage | 0...11 V |
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| Resistive load range | 500 Ω...100 kΩ |
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| Maximum capacitive load | 2 μF |
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| Short-circuit current per channel (sourcing) | Min: 25 mA, Typ: 29 mA, Max: 32 mA (lower limit bit = 0 (default)), Min: 5.5 mA, Typ: 7 mA, Max: 9 mA (lower limit bit = 1) |
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| Short-circuit current per channel (sinking) | Min: 3.0 mA, Typ: 3.8 mA, Max: 4.5 mA |
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| Accuracy | +/- 1% |
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| Repeatability | +/- 1% |
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| **Characteristics** | **Details** |
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|:--------------------------------------------:|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:|
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| Analog output voltage | 0...11 V |
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| Resistive load range | 500 Ω...100 kΩ |
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| Maximum capacitive load | 2 μF |
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| Short-circuit current per channel (sourcing) | Min: 25 mA, Typ: 29 mA, Max: 32 mA (lower limit bit = 0 (default)) \| Min: 5.5 mA, Typ: 7 mA, Max: 9 mA (lower limit bit = 1) |
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| Short-circuit current per channel (sinking) | Min: 3.0 mA, Typ: 3.8 mA, Max: 4.5 mA |
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| Accuracy | +/- 1% |
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| Repeatability | +/- 1% |
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| One output writing time | ~560 µs |
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| All outputs at once writing time | ~960 µs |
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To set a voltage in an analog output terminal use the built-in function `pinVoltage()` as shown below:
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@@ -3555,6 +3597,8 @@ This output mode lets you control current-driven actuators or communicate with o
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| Output impedance | Min: 1.5 MΩ, Typ: 4 MΩ |
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| Accuracy | 1% in 0-10 mA range, 2% in 10-24 mA range |
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| Repeatability | 1% in 0-10 mA range, 2% in 10-24 mA range |
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| One output writing time | ~560 µs |
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| All outputs at once writing time | ~960 µs |
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To set a current in an analog output terminal use the built-in function `pinCurrent()` as shown below:
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@@ -3728,6 +3772,8 @@ The Analog Expansion has four PWM output channels **(P1...P4)**. They are softwa
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| Source voltage supported | 8...40 VDC |
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| Period | Programmable |
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| Duty-cycle | Programmable (0-100%) |
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| One output writing time | ~700 µs |
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![Wiring to use the PWM outputs](assets/pwm-setup.png)
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