Merge pull request #1249 from Arnav-arw/master

Added Connect 4 with Minimax algorithm

Author: avinashkranjan

Connect 4 with Minimax Algorithm/READme.md

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+This is a single player connect 4 game which used [Minimax algorithm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimax).
+
+Dependancies:
+1. Pygame 2.1.2
+2. Numpy 1.23.1
+
+Game Rules:
+
+Four consecutive balls should match of the same colour horizontally, vertically or diagonally (either of both) just like tic-tac-toe.
+That's it now u r ready to play the game :)

Connect 4 with Minimax Algorithm/connect4withMiniMax.py

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+import numpy as np
+import random
+import pygame
+import sys
+import math
+
+BLUE = (0,0,255)
+BLACK = (0,0,0)
+RED = (255,0,0)
+YELLOW = (255,255,0)
+
+ROW_COUNT = 6
+COLUMN_COUNT = 7
+
+PLAYER = 0
+AI = 1
+
+PLAYER_PIECE = 1
+AI_PIECE = 2
+
+def createBoard():
+	board = np.zeros((ROW_COUNT,COLUMN_COUNT))
+	return board
+
+def dropPiece(board, row, col, piece):
+	board[row][col] = piece
+
+def isPlaceValid(board, col):
+	return board[ROW_COUNT-1][col] == 0
+
+def GetNextRow(board, col):
+	for r in range(ROW_COUNT):
+		if board[r][col] == 0:
+			return r
+
+def printBoard(board):
+	print(np.flip(board, 0))
+
+def winningMove(board, piece):
+	# Check horizontal locations for win
+	for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT-3):
+		for r in range(ROW_COUNT):
+			if board[r][c] == piece and board[r][c+1] == piece and board[r][c+2] == piece and board[r][c+3] == piece:
+				return True
+
+	# Check vertical locations for win
+	for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT):
+		for r in range(ROW_COUNT-3):
+			if board[r][c] == piece and board[r+1][c] == piece and board[r+2][c] == piece and board[r+3][c] == piece:
+				return True
+
+	# Check positively sloped diaganols
+	for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT-3):
+		for r in range(ROW_COUNT-3):
+			if board[r][c] == piece and board[r+1][c+1] == piece and board[r+2][c+2] == piece and board[r+3][c+3] == piece:
+				return True
+
+	# Check negatively sloped diaganols
+	for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT-3):
+		for r in range(3, ROW_COUNT):
+			if board[r][c] == piece and board[r-1][c+1] == piece and board[r-2][c+2] == piece and board[r-3][c+3] == piece:
+				return True
+
+def scoringScorePosition(selectedGroup, piece):
+	score = 0
+	opp_piece = PLAYER_PIECE
+	if piece == PLAYER_PIECE:
+		opp_piece = AI_PIECE
+
+	if selectedGroup.count(piece) == 4:
+		score += 100
+	elif selectedGroup.count(piece) == 3 and selectedGroup.count(0) == 1:
+		score += 5
+	elif selectedGroup.count(piece) == 2 and selectedGroup.count(0) == 2:
+		score += 2
+
+	if selectedGroup.count(opp_piece) == 3 and selectedGroup.count(0) == 1:
+		score -= 4
+
+	return score
+
+def scorePosition(board, piece):
+	score = 0
+
+	## Score center column
+	center_array = [int(i) for i in list(board[:, COLUMN_COUNT//2])]
+	center_count = center_array.count(piece)
+	score += center_count * 3
+
+	## Score Horizontal
+	for r in range(ROW_COUNT):
+		row_array = [int(i) for i in list(board[r,:])]
+		for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT-3):
+			selectedGroup = row_array[c:c+4]
+			score += scoringScorePosition(selectedGroup, piece)
+
+	## Score Vertical
+	for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT):
+		col_array = [int(i) for i in list(board[:,c])]
+		for r in range(ROW_COUNT-3):
+			selectedGroup = col_array[r:r+4]
+			score += scoringScorePosition(selectedGroup, piece)
+
+	## Score posiive sloped diagonal
+	for r in range(ROW_COUNT-3):
+		for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT-3):
+			selectedGroup = [board[r+i][c+i] for i in range(4)]
+			score += scoringScorePosition(selectedGroup, piece)
+
+	for r in range(ROW_COUNT-3):
+		for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT-3):
+			selectedGroup = [board[r+3-i][c+i] for i in range(4)]
+			score += scoringScorePosition(selectedGroup, piece)
+
+	return score
+
+def isTerminalNode(board):
+	return winningMove(board, PLAYER_PIECE) or winningMove(board, AI_PIECE) or len(getValidLocations(board)) == 0
+
+def minimax(board, depth, alpha, beta, maximizingPlayer):
+	validLocations = getValidLocations(board)
+	isTerminal = isTerminalNode(board)
+	if depth == 0 or isTerminal:
+		if isTerminal:
+			if winningMove(board, AI_PIECE):
+				return (None, 100000000000000)
+			elif winningMove(board, PLAYER_PIECE):
+				return (None, -10000000000000)
+			else: # Game is over, no more valid moves
+				return (None, 0)
+		else: # Depth is zero
+			return (None, scorePosition(board, AI_PIECE))
+	if maximizingPlayer:
+		value = -math.inf
+		column = random.choice(validLocations)
+		for col in validLocations:
+			row = GetNextRow(board, col)
+			b_copy = board.copy()
+			dropPiece(b_copy, row, col, AI_PIECE)
+			new_score = minimax(b_copy, depth-1, alpha, beta, False)[1]
+			if new_score > value:
+				value = new_score
+				column = col
+			alpha = max(alpha, value)
+			if alpha >= beta:
+				break
+		return column, value
+
+	else: # Minimizing player
+		value = math.inf
+		column = random.choice(validLocations)
+		for col in validLocations:
+			row = GetNextRow(board, col)
+			b_copy = board.copy()
+			dropPiece(b_copy, row, col, PLAYER_PIECE)
+			new_score = minimax(b_copy, depth-1, alpha, beta, True)[1]
+			if new_score < value:
+				value = new_score
+				column = col
+			beta = min(beta, value)
+			if alpha >= beta:
+				break
+		return column, value
+
+def getValidLocations(board):
+	validLocations = []
+	for col in range(COLUMN_COUNT):
+		if isPlaceValid(board, col):
+			validLocations.append(col)
+	return validLocations
+
+def bestMoveForAI(board, piece):
+
+	validLocations = getValidLocations(board)
+	bestScore = -10000
+	bestMove = random.choice(validLocations)
+	for col in validLocations:
+		row = GetNextRow(board, col)
+		temp_board = board.copy()
+		dropPiece(temp_board, row, col, piece)
+		score = scorePosition(temp_board, piece)
+		if score > bestScore:
+			bestScore = score
+			bestMove = col
+
+	return bestMove
+
+def drawBoard(board):
+	for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT):
+		for r in range(ROW_COUNT):
+			pygame.draw.rect(screen, BLUE, (c*SQUARESIZE, r*SQUARESIZE+SQUARESIZE, SQUARESIZE, SQUARESIZE))
+			pygame.draw.circle(screen, BLACK, (int(c*SQUARESIZE+SQUARESIZE/2), int(r*SQUARESIZE+SQUARESIZE+SQUARESIZE/2)), RADIUS)
+	
+	for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT):
+		for r in range(ROW_COUNT):		
+			if board[r][c] == PLAYER_PIECE:
+				pygame.draw.circle(screen, RED, (int(c*SQUARESIZE+SQUARESIZE/2), height-int(r*SQUARESIZE+SQUARESIZE/2)), RADIUS)
+			elif board[r][c] == AI_PIECE: 
+				pygame.draw.circle(screen, YELLOW, (int(c*SQUARESIZE+SQUARESIZE/2), height-int(r*SQUARESIZE+SQUARESIZE/2)), RADIUS)
+	pygame.display.update()
+
+board = createBoard()
+printBoard(board)
+isGameOver = False
+
+pygame.init()
+
+SQUARESIZE = 100
+
+width = COLUMN_COUNT * SQUARESIZE
+height = (ROW_COUNT+1) * SQUARESIZE
+
+size = (width, height)
+
+RADIUS = int(SQUARESIZE/2 - 5)
+
+screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
+drawBoard(board)
+pygame.display.update()
+pygame.display.set_caption('Connect 4')
+myfont = pygame.font.SysFont("monospace", 75)
+
+turn = random.randint(PLAYER, AI)
+
+while not isGameOver:
+
+	for event in pygame.event.get():
+		if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
+			sys.exit()
+
+		if event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
+			pygame.draw.rect(screen, BLACK, (0,0, width, SQUARESIZE))
+			posx = event.pos[0]
+			if turn == PLAYER:
+				pygame.draw.circle(screen, RED, (posx, int(SQUARESIZE/2)), RADIUS)
+
+		pygame.display.update()
+
+		if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
+			pygame.draw.rect(screen, BLACK, (0,0, width, SQUARESIZE))
+			#print(event.pos)
+			# Ask for Player 1 Input
+			if turn == PLAYER:
+				posx = event.pos[0]
+				col = int(math.floor(posx/SQUARESIZE))
+
+				if isPlaceValid(board, col):
+					row = GetNextRow(board, col)
+					dropPiece(board, row, col, PLAYER_PIECE)
+
+					if winningMove(board, PLAYER_PIECE):
+						label = myfont.render("Player 1 win!!", 1, RED)
+						screen.blit(label, (40,10))
+						isGameOver = True
+
+					turn += 1
+					turn = turn % 2
+
+					printBoard(board)
+					drawBoard(board)
+
+
+	# # Ask for Player 2 Input
+	if turn == AI and not isGameOver:				
+
+		#col = random.randint(0, COLUMN_COUNT-1)
+		#col = bestMoveForAI(board, AI_PIECE)
+		col, minimax_score = minimax(board, 5, -math.inf, math.inf, True)
+
+		if isPlaceValid(board, col):
+			#pygame.time.wait(500)
+			row = GetNextRow(board, col)
+			dropPiece(board, row, col, AI_PIECE)
+
+			if winningMove(board, AI_PIECE):
+				label = myfont.render("Player 2 wins!!", 1, YELLOW)
+				screen.blit(label, (40,10))
+				isGameOver = True
+
+			printBoard(board)
+			drawBoard(board)
+
+			turn += 1
+			turn = turn % 2
+
+	if isGameOver:
+		pygame.time.wait(5000)

Connect 4 with Minimax Algorithm/requirements.txt

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+pygame == 2.1.2
+numpy = 1.23.1