docs: update the debugging guide to demonstrate how to use Log4j2 for logging (#634)

Author: ianbotsf

.changes/eff54b49-15bb-424d-a91e-04b32bfc6fc9.json

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+    "id": "eff54b49-15bb-424d-a91e-04b32bfc6fc9",
+    "type": "documentation",
+    "description": "Update the debugging guide to demonstrate how to use Log4j2 for logging"
+}

docs/debugging.md

@@ -7,31 +7,50 @@
 For JVM targets, the Kotlin SDK uses the `slf4j` logger.  The build configuration can be updated to enable log output.
 
 While any `slf4j`-compatible log library may be used, here is an example to enable log output from the SDK in JVM 
-programs:
+programs via Log4j2:
 
-```
-implementation("org.slf4j:slf4j-simple:1.7.30")
-```
+#### Gradle dependencies
 
-To view low-level request and response log output and the time of the log entry, specify this as JVM parameters to the executing program:
+Add the following dependencies via Gradle:
 
 ```
--Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.defaultLogLevel=TRACE -Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.showDateTime=true
+implementation("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-slf4j-impl:2.17.2")
+implementation("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core:2.17.2")
+implementation("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:2.17.2")
 ```
 
-The log level can be adjusted up as needed to DEBUG, INFO, WARN, or ERROR.  [See here](http://www.slf4j.org/api/org/slf4j/impl/SimpleLogger.html) for all properties for the simple logger.
+#### Log4j2 configuration file
+
+Create a file named **log4j2.xml** in your **resources** directory (e.g., **\<project-dir>/src/main/resources**). Add
+the following XML configuration to the file:
+
+```xml
+<Configuration status="ERROR">
+    <Appenders>
+        <Console name="Out">
+            <PatternLayout pattern="%d{YYYY-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5p %c:%L - %encode{%m}{CRLF}%n"/>
+        </Console>
+    </Appenders>
+    <Loggers>
+        <Root level="info">
+            <AppenderRef ref="Out"/>
+        </Root>
+    </Loggers>
+</Configuration>
+```
 
-#### Unit Tests
+For more information on how to customize logging, see
+[Log4j2's Configuration guide](https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/configuration.html#).
 
-To enable logging in JVM unit tests, the JVM properties can be passed via the Gradle `test` task.  Here is an example snippet from a `build.gradle.kts` file:
+To view low-level request and response log output and the time of the log entry, change the appender level to `trace`:
 
+```xml
+<Root level="trace">
 ```
-tasks.test {
-    options {
-        jvmArgs = listOf("-Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.defaultLogLevel=TRACE", "-Dorg.slf4j.simpleLogger.showDateTime=true")
-    }
-}
-```
+
+#### Unit Tests
+
+To enable or customize logging in JVM unit tests, add a **log4j2-test.xml** file to the **resources** directory.
 
 #### CRT Logs