Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#28851: build: Patch Qt to handle minimum macOS version properly

05aca09 build: Patch Qt to handle minimum macOS version properly (Hennadii Stepanov)

Pull request description:

  This PR is:
  - required to [switch](bitcoin/bitcoin#28622) to macOS 14 SDK (Xcode 15).
  - an alternative to bitcoin/bitcoin#28732 and bitcoin/bitcoin#28775.

  Qt relies on the `__MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED` macro, which is set in the `AvailabilityInternal.h` SDK header to
  the value provided by the Clang driver from the `-mmacos-version-min` / `-mmacosx-version-min` option.

  Xcode 12 SDK expects the OS-specific `__ENVIRONMENT_MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED__` macro:
  ```c++
  #ifndef __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED
      #ifdef __ENVIRONMENT_MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED__
          /* compiler for Mac OS X sets __ENVIRONMENT_MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED__ */
          #define __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED __ENVIRONMENT_MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED__
      #endif
  #endif /* __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED*/
  ```

  In the other hand, Xcode 15 SDK expects a general `__ENVIRONMENT_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED__` macro:
  ```c++
  #ifndef __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED
      #if defined(__has_builtin) && __has_builtin(__is_target_os)
          #if __is_target_os(macos)
              #define __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED __ENVIRONMENT_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED__
              #define __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED __MAC_14_0
          #endif
      #elif  __ENVIRONMENT_MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED__
          #define __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED __ENVIRONMENT_MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED__
          #define __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED __MAC_14_0
      #endif /*  __has_builtin(__is_target_os) && __is_target_os(macos) */
  #endif /* __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED */
  ```

  The latter macro is not provided by LLVM Clang until llvm/llvm-project@c8e2dd8, which is available in Clang 17.

  The suggested patch makes Qt "borrow" the `__MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED` value from `MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED`, which is set in the `AvailabilityMacros.h` SDK header.

ACKs for top commit:
  maflcko:
    lgtm ACK 05aca09

Tree-SHA512: 8891aefde4b8a48885abf0648f4ec71a22f7fcfca1e17ebb8c70ce1ef44751ea5db6b8b652de6ee8a716ca5f96f720fef01600bc23986162d0146c946e2e8743

Author: fanquake

depends/packages/qt.mk

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ $(package)_patches += guix_cross_lib_path.patch
 $(package)_patches += fix-macos-linker.patch
 $(package)_patches += memory_resource.patch
 $(package)_patches += windows_lto.patch
+$(package)_patches += fix-minimum-macos.patch
 
 $(package)_qttranslations_file_name=qttranslations-$($(package)_suffix)
 $(package)_qttranslations_sha256_hash=a31785948c640b7c66d9fe2db4993728ca07f64e41c560b3625ad191b276ff20
@@ -239,6 +240,7 @@ endef
 define $(package)_preprocess_cmds
   cp $($(package)_patch_dir)/qt.pro qt.pro && \
   cp $($(package)_patch_dir)/qttools_src.pro qttools/src/src.pro && \
+  patch -p1 -i $($(package)_patch_dir)/fix-minimum-macos.patch && \
   patch -p1 -i $($(package)_patch_dir)/fix-macos-linker.patch && \
   patch -p1 -i $($(package)_patch_dir)/dont_hardcode_pwd.patch && \
   patch -p1 -i $($(package)_patch_dir)/fix_qt_pkgconfig.patch && \

depends/patches/qt/fix-minimum-macos.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Ensure that Qt handles the minimum macOS version properly
+
+This patch can be dropped for LLVM Clang 17+, after commit
+https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/c8e2dd8c6f490b68e41fe663b44535a8a21dfeab
+
+
+--- a/qtbase/src/corelib/global/qsystemdetection.h
++++ b/qtbase/src/corelib/global/qsystemdetection.h
+@@ -220,6 +220,9 @@
+ #  include <Availability.h>
+ #  include <AvailabilityMacros.h>
+ #
++#  undef __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED
++#  define __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED
++#
+ #  ifdef Q_OS_MACOS
+ #    if !defined(__MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED) || __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED < __MAC_10_6
+ #       undef __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED