Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#23253: bitcoin-tx: Reject non-integral and out of range int strings

fa6f29d bitcoin-tx: Reject non-integral and out of range multisig numbers (MarcoFalke)
fafab8e bitcoin-tx: Reject non-integral and out of range sequence ids (MarcoFalke)
fa53d3d test: Check that bitcoin-tx accepts whitespace around sequence id and multisig numbers (MarcoFalke)

Pull request description:

  Seems odd to silently accept arbitrary strings that don't even represent integral values.

  Fix that.

ACKs for top commit:
  practicalswift:
    cr ACK fa6f29d
  laanwj:
    Code review ACK fa6f29d
  Empact:
    Code review ACK bitcoin/bitcoin@fa6f29d
  promag:
    Code review ACK fa6f29d.

Tree-SHA512: e31f7f21fe55ac069e755557bdbcae8d5d29e20ff82e441ebdfc65153e3a31a4edd46ad3e6dea5190ecbd1b8ea5a8f94daa5d59a3b7558e46e794e30db0e6c79

Author: laanwj

src/bitcoin-tx.cpp

@@ -235,6 +235,16 @@ static void MutateTxRBFOptIn(CMutableTransaction& tx, const std::string& strInId
     }
 }
 
+template <typename T>
+static T TrimAndParse(const std::string& int_str, const std::string& err)
+{
+    const auto parsed{ToIntegral<T>(TrimString(int_str))};
+    if (!parsed.has_value()) {
+        throw std::runtime_error(err + " '" + int_str + "'");
+    }
+    return parsed.value();
+}
+
 static void MutateTxAddInput(CMutableTransaction& tx, const std::string& strInput)
 {
     std::vector<std::string> vStrInputParts;
@@ -261,8 +271,9 @@ static void MutateTxAddInput(CMutableTransaction& tx, const std::string& strInpu
 
     // extract the optional sequence number
     uint32_t nSequenceIn = CTxIn::SEQUENCE_FINAL;
-    if (vStrInputParts.size() > 2)
-        nSequenceIn = std::stoul(vStrInputParts[2]);
+    if (vStrInputParts.size() > 2) {
+        nSequenceIn = TrimAndParse<uint32_t>(vStrInputParts.at(2), "invalid TX sequence id");
+    }
 
     // append to transaction input list
     CTxIn txin(txid, vout, CScript(), nSequenceIn);
@@ -352,10 +363,10 @@ static void MutateTxAddOutMultiSig(CMutableTransaction& tx, const std::string& s
     CAmount value = ExtractAndValidateValue(vStrInputParts[0]);
 
     // Extract REQUIRED
-    uint32_t required = stoul(vStrInputParts[1]);
+    const uint32_t required{TrimAndParse<uint32_t>(vStrInputParts.at(1), "invalid multisig required number")};
 
     // Extract NUMKEYS
-    uint32_t numkeys = stoul(vStrInputParts[2]);
+    const uint32_t numkeys{TrimAndParse<uint32_t>(vStrInputParts.at(2), "invalid multisig total number")};
 
     // Validate there are the correct number of pubkeys
     if (vStrInputParts.size() < numkeys + 3)

test/lint/lint-locale-dependence.sh

@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ export LC_ALL=C
 #       independent ToIntegral<T>(...) or the ParseInt*() functions.
 # TODO: Reduce KNOWN_VIOLATIONS by replacing uses of locale dependent snprintf with strprintf.
 KNOWN_VIOLATIONS=(
-    "src/bitcoin-tx.cpp.*stoul"
     "src/dbwrapper.cpp:.*vsnprintf"
     "src/test/dbwrapper_tests.cpp:.*snprintf"
     "src/test/fuzz/locale.cpp"

test/util/data/bitcoin-util-test.json

@@ -515,6 +515,30 @@
     "output_cmp": "txcreatedata2.json",
     "description": "Creates a new transaction with one input, one address output and one data (zero value) output (output in json)"
   },
+  { "exec": "./bitcoin-tx",
+    "args":
+    ["-create",
+     "in=5897de6bd6027a475eadd57019d4e6872c396d0716c4875a5f1a6fcfdf385c1f:0:11aa"],
+    "return_code": 1,
+    "error_txt": "error: invalid TX sequence id '11aa'",
+    "description": "Try to parse a sequence number outside the allowed range"
+  },
+  { "exec": "./bitcoin-tx",
+    "args":
+    ["-create",
+     "in=5897de6bd6027a475eadd57019d4e6872c396d0716c4875a5f1a6fcfdf385c1f:0:-1"],
+    "return_code": 1,
+    "error_txt": "error: invalid TX sequence id '-1'",
+    "description": "Try to parse a sequence number outside the allowed range"
+  },
+  { "exec": "./bitcoin-tx",
+    "args":
+    ["-create",
+     "in=5897de6bd6027a475eadd57019d4e6872c396d0716c4875a5f1a6fcfdf385c1f:0:4294967296"],
+    "return_code": 1,
+    "error_txt": "error: invalid TX sequence id '4294967296'",
+    "description": "Try to parse a sequence number outside the allowed range"
+  },
   { "exec": "./bitcoin-tx",
     "args":
     ["-create",
@@ -523,6 +547,14 @@
     "output_cmp": "txcreatedata_seq0.hex",
     "description": "Creates a new transaction with one input with sequence number and one address output"
   },
+  { "exec": "./bitcoin-tx",
+    "args":
+    ["-create",
+     "in=5897de6bd6027a475eadd57019d4e6872c396d0716c4875a5f1a6fcfdf385c1f:0: 4294967293 ",
+     "outaddr=0.18:13tuJJDR2RgArmgfv6JScSdreahzgc4T6o"],
+    "output_cmp": "txcreatedata_seq0.hex",
+    "description": "Creates a new transaction with one input with sequence number (+whitespace) and one address output"
+  },
   { "exec": "./bitcoin-tx",
     "args":
     ["-json",
@@ -547,15 +579,27 @@
     "output_cmp": "txcreatedata_seq1.json",
     "description": "Adds a new input with sequence number to a transaction (output in json)"
   },
+  { "exec": "./bitcoin-tx",
+    "args": ["-create", "outmultisig=1:-2:3:02a5:021:02df", "nversion=1"],
+    "return_code": 1,
+    "error_txt": "error: invalid multisig required number '-2'",
+    "description": "Try to parse a multisig number outside the allowed range"
+  },
+  { "exec": "./bitcoin-tx",
+    "args": ["-create", "outmultisig=1:2:3a:02a5:021:02df", "nversion=1"],
+    "return_code": 1,
+    "error_txt": "error: invalid multisig total number '3a'",
+    "description": "Try to parse a multisig number outside the allowed range"
+  },
   { "exec": "./bitcoin-tx",
     "args": ["-create", "outmultisig=1:2:3:02a5613bd857b7048924264d1e70e08fb2a7e6527d32b7ab1bb993ac59964ff397:021ac43c7ff740014c3b33737ede99c967e4764553d1b2b83db77c83b8715fa72d:02df2089105c77f266fa11a9d33f05c735234075f2e8780824c6b709415f9fb485", "nversion=1"],
     "output_cmp": "txcreatemultisig1.hex",
     "description": "Creates a new transaction with a single 2-of-3 multisig output"
   },
   { "exec": "./bitcoin-tx",
-    "args": ["-json", "-create", "outmultisig=1:2:3:02a5613bd857b7048924264d1e70e08fb2a7e6527d32b7ab1bb993ac59964ff397:021ac43c7ff740014c3b33737ede99c967e4764553d1b2b83db77c83b8715fa72d:02df2089105c77f266fa11a9d33f05c735234075f2e8780824c6b709415f9fb485", "nversion=1"],
+    "args": ["-json", "-create", "outmultisig=1: 2 : 3 :02a5613bd857b7048924264d1e70e08fb2a7e6527d32b7ab1bb993ac59964ff397:021ac43c7ff740014c3b33737ede99c967e4764553d1b2b83db77c83b8715fa72d:02df2089105c77f266fa11a9d33f05c735234075f2e8780824c6b709415f9fb485", "nversion=1"],
     "output_cmp": "txcreatemultisig1.json",
-    "description": "Creates a new transaction with a single 2-of-3 multisig output (output in json)"
+    "description": "Creates a new transaction with a single 2-of-3 multisig output (with whitespace, output in json)"
   },
   { "exec": "./bitcoin-tx",
     "args": ["-create", "outmultisig=1:2:3:02a5613bd857b7048924264d1e70e08fb2a7e6527d32b7ab1bb993ac59964ff397:021ac43c7ff740014c3b33737ede99c967e4764553d1b2b83db77c83b8715fa72d:02df2089105c77f266fa11a9d33f05c735234075f2e8780824c6b709415f9fb485:S", "nversion=1"],