[PM-24079] Add typesafe string types (#356)

## 🎟️ Tracking

https://bitwarden.atlassian.net/browse/PM-24079

## 📔 Objective

Changes our exported wasm string mappings around encstring,
signedpublickey, unsignedsharedkey, to be tagged. This means we can drop
the tagged types `Opaque<string, ...>` on typescript, and safely consume
the sdk exports.

## ⏰ Reminders before review

- Contributor guidelines followed
- All formatters and local linters executed and passed
- Written new unit and / or integration tests where applicable
- Protected functional changes with optionality (feature flags)
- Used internationalization (i18n) for all UI strings
- CI builds passed
- Communicated to DevOps any deployment requirements
- Updated any necessary documentation (Confluence, contributing docs) or
informed the documentation
  team

## 🦮 Reviewer guidelines

<!-- Suggested interactions but feel free to use (or not) as you desire!
-->

- 👍 (`:+1:`) or similar for great changes
- 📝 (`:memo:`) or ℹ️ (`:information_source:`) for notes or general info
- ❓ (`:question:`) for questions
- 🤔 (`:thinking:`) or 💭 (`:thought_balloon:`) for more open inquiry
that's not quite a confirmed
  issue and could potentially benefit from discussion
- 🎨 (`:art:`) for suggestions / improvements
- ❌ (`:x:`) or ⚠️ (`:warning:`) for more significant problems or
concerns needing attention
- 🌱 (`:seedling:`) or ♻️ (`:recycle:`) for future improvements or
indications of technical debt
- ⛏ (`:pick:`) for minor or nitpick changes

Author: quexten

crates/bitwarden-crypto/src/enc_string/asymmetric.rs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ mod internal {
     #[cfg(feature = "wasm")]
     #[wasm_bindgen::prelude::wasm_bindgen(typescript_custom_section)]
     const TS_CUSTOM_TYPES: &'static str = r#"
-    export type UnsignedSharedKey = string;
+    export type UnsignedSharedKey = Tagged<string, "UnsignedSharedKey">;
     "#;
 
     /// # Encrypted string primitive

crates/bitwarden-crypto/src/enc_string/symmetric.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use crate::{
 #[cfg(feature = "wasm")]
 #[wasm_bindgen::prelude::wasm_bindgen(typescript_custom_section)]
 const TS_CUSTOM_TYPES: &'static str = r#"
-export type EncString = string;
+export type EncString = Tagged<string, "EncString">;
 "#;
 
 /// # Encrypted string primitive

crates/bitwarden-crypto/src/keys/signed_public_key.rs

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use crate::{
 #[cfg(feature = "wasm")]
 #[wasm_bindgen::prelude::wasm_bindgen(typescript_custom_section)]
 const TS_CUSTOM_TYPES: &'static str = r#"
-export type SignedPublicKey = string;
+export type SignedPublicKey = Tagged<string, "SignedPublicKey">;
 "#;
 
 /// `PublicKeyFormat` defines the format of the public key in a `SignedAsymmetricPublicKeyMessage`.