[SPARK-28278][SQL][PYTHON][TESTS] Convert and port 'except-all.sql' into UDF test base

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR adds some tests converted from `except-all.sql` to test UDFs. Please see contribution guide of this umbrella ticket - [SPARK-27921](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-27921).

<details><summary>Diff comparing to 'except-all.sql'</summary>
<p>

```diff
diff --git a/sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/except-all.sql.out b/sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/udf/udf-except-all.sql.out
index 01091a2..b7bfad0 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/except-all.sql.out
+++ b/sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/udf/udf-except-all.sql.out
 -49,11 +49,11  struct<>

 -- !query 4
-SELECT * FROM tab1
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab2
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab2
 -- !query 4 schema
-struct<c1:int>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(c1 as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 4 output
 0
 2
 -62,11 +62,11  NULL

 -- !query 5
-SELECT * FROM tab1
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1
 MINUS ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab2
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab2
 -- !query 5 schema
-struct<c1:int>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(c1 as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 5 output
 0
 2
 -75,11 +75,11  NULL

 -- !query 6
-SELECT * FROM tab1
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab2 WHERE c1 IS NOT NULL
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab2 WHERE udf(c1) IS NOT NULL
 -- !query 6 schema
-struct<c1:int>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(c1 as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 6 output
 0
 2
 -89,21 +89,21  NULL

 -- !query 7
-SELECT * FROM tab1 WHERE c1 > 5
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1 WHERE udf(c1) > 5
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab2
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab2
 -- !query 7 schema
-struct<c1:int>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(c1 as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 7 output

 -- !query 8
-SELECT * FROM tab1
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab2 WHERE c1 > 6
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab2 WHERE udf(c1 > udf(6))
 -- !query 8 schema
-struct<c1:int>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(c1 as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 8 output
 0
 1
 -117,11 +117,11  NULL

 -- !query 9
-SELECT * FROM tab1
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT CAST(1 AS BIGINT)
+SELECT CAST(udf(1) AS BIGINT)
 -- !query 9 schema
-struct<c1:bigint>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(c1 as string)) AS INT):bigint>
 -- !query 9 output
 0
 2
 -134,7 +134,7  NULL

 -- !query 10
-SELECT * FROM tab1
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1
 EXCEPT ALL
 SELECT array(1)
 -- !query 10 schema
 -145,62 +145,62  ExceptAll can only be performed on tables with the compatible column types. arra

 -- !query 11
-SELECT * FROM tab3
+SELECT udf(k), v FROM tab3
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab4
 -- !query 11 schema
-struct<k:int,v:int>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(k as string)) AS INT):int,v:int>
 -- !query 11 output
 1	2
 1	3

 -- !query 12
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab4
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab3
+SELECT udf(k), v FROM tab3
 -- !query 12 schema
-struct<k:int,v:int>
+struct<k:int,CAST(udf(cast(v as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 12 output
 2	2
 2	20

 -- !query 13
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab4
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab3
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab3
 INTERSECT DISTINCT
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab4
 -- !query 13 schema
-struct<k:int,v:int>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(k as string)) AS INT):int,CAST(udf(cast(v as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 13 output
 2	2
 2	20

 -- !query 14
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT udf(k), v FROM tab4
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab3
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab3
 EXCEPT DISTINCT
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab4
 -- !query 14 schema
-struct<k:int,v:int>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(k as string)) AS INT):int,v:int>
 -- !query 14 output

 -- !query 15
-SELECT * FROM tab3
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab3
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab4
 UNION ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab3
+SELECT udf(k), v FROM tab3
 EXCEPT DISTINCT
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab4
 -- !query 15 schema
-struct<k:int,v:int>
+struct<k:int,CAST(udf(cast(v as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 15 output
 1	3

 -217,83 +217,83  ExceptAll can only be performed on tables with the same number of columns, but t

 -- !query 17
-SELECT * FROM tab3
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab3
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab4
 UNION
-SELECT * FROM tab3
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab3
 EXCEPT DISTINCT
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab4
 -- !query 17 schema
-struct<k:int,v:int>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(k as string)) AS INT):int,CAST(udf(cast(v as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 17 output
 1	3

 -- !query 18
-SELECT * FROM tab3
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab3
 MINUS ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab4
 UNION
-SELECT * FROM tab3
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab3
 MINUS DISTINCT
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab4
 -- !query 18 schema
-struct<k:int,v:int>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(k as string)) AS INT):int,CAST(udf(cast(v as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 18 output
 1	3

 -- !query 19
-SELECT * FROM tab3
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab3
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT udf(k), v FROM tab4
 EXCEPT DISTINCT
-SELECT * FROM tab3
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab3
 EXCEPT DISTINCT
-SELECT * FROM tab4
+SELECT udf(k), v FROM tab4
 -- !query 19 schema
-struct<k:int,v:int>
+struct<k:int,CAST(udf(cast(v as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 19 output

 -- !query 20
 SELECT *
-FROM   (SELECT tab3.k,
-               tab4.v
+FROM   (SELECT tab3.k,
+               udf(tab4.v)
         FROM   tab3
                JOIN tab4
-                 ON tab3.k = tab4.k)
+                 ON udf(tab3.k) = tab4.k)
 EXCEPT ALL
 SELECT *
-FROM   (SELECT tab3.k,
-               tab4.v
+FROM   (SELECT udf(tab3.k),
+               tab4.v
         FROM   tab3
                JOIN tab4
-                 ON tab3.k = tab4.k)
+                 ON tab3.k = udf(tab4.k))
 -- !query 20 schema
-struct<k:int,v:int>
+struct<k:int,CAST(udf(cast(v as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 20 output

 -- !query 21
 SELECT *
-FROM   (SELECT tab3.k,
-               tab4.v
+FROM   (SELECT udf(udf(tab3.k)),
+               udf(tab4.v)
         FROM   tab3
                JOIN tab4
-                 ON tab3.k = tab4.k)
+                 ON udf(udf(tab3.k)) = udf(tab4.k))
 EXCEPT ALL
 SELECT *
-FROM   (SELECT tab4.v AS k,
-               tab3.k AS v
+FROM   (SELECT udf(tab4.v) AS k,
+               udf(udf(tab3.k)) AS v
         FROM   tab3
                JOIN tab4
-                 ON tab3.k = tab4.k)
+                 ON udf(tab3.k) = udf(tab4.k))
 -- !query 21 schema
-struct<k:int,v:int>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(cast(udf(cast(k as string)) as int) as string)) AS INT):int,CAST(udf(cast(v as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 21 output
 1	2
 1	2
 -305,11 +305,11  struct<k:int,v:int>

 -- !query 22
-SELECT v FROM tab3 GROUP BY v
+SELECT udf(v) FROM tab3 GROUP BY v
 EXCEPT ALL
-SELECT k FROM tab4 GROUP BY k
+SELECT udf(k) FROM tab4 GROUP BY k
 -- !query 22 schema
-struct<v:int>
+struct<CAST(udf(cast(v as string)) AS INT):int>
 -- !query 22 output
 3

```
</p>
</details>

## How was this patch tested?

Tested as guided in [SPARK-27921](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-27921).

Closes apache#25090 from imback82/except-all.

Authored-by: Terry Kim <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: HyukjinKwon <[email protected]>

Author: imback82

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/inputs/udf/udf-except-all.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+-- This test file was converted from except-all.sql.
+
+CREATE TEMPORARY VIEW tab1 AS SELECT * FROM VALUES
+    (0), (1), (2), (2), (2), (2), (3), (null), (null) AS tab1(c1);
+CREATE TEMPORARY VIEW tab2 AS SELECT * FROM VALUES
+    (1), (2), (2), (3), (5), (5), (null) AS tab2(c1);
+CREATE TEMPORARY VIEW tab3 AS SELECT * FROM VALUES
+    (1, 2), 
+    (1, 2),
+    (1, 3),
+    (2, 3),
+    (2, 2)
+    AS tab3(k, v);
+CREATE TEMPORARY VIEW tab4 AS SELECT * FROM VALUES
+    (1, 2), 
+    (2, 3),
+    (2, 2),
+    (2, 2),
+    (2, 20)
+    AS tab4(k, v);
+
+-- Basic EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab2;
+
+-- MINUS ALL (synonym for EXCEPT)
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1
+MINUS ALL
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab2;
+
+-- EXCEPT ALL same table in both branches
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab2 WHERE udf(c1) IS NOT NULL;
+
+-- Empty left relation
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1 WHERE udf(c1) > 5
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab2;
+
+-- Empty right relation
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab2 WHERE udf(c1 > udf(6));
+
+-- Type Coerced ExceptAll
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT CAST(udf(1) AS BIGINT);
+
+-- Error as types of two side are not compatible
+SELECT udf(c1) FROM tab1
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT array(1);
+
+-- Basic
+SELECT udf(k), v FROM tab3
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab4;
+
+-- Basic
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab4
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT udf(k), v FROM tab3;
+
+-- EXCEPT ALL + INTERSECT
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab4
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab3
+INTERSECT DISTINCT
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab4;
+
+-- EXCEPT ALL + EXCEPT
+SELECT udf(k), v FROM tab4
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab3
+EXCEPT DISTINCT
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab4;
+
+-- Chain of set operations
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab3
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab4
+UNION ALL
+SELECT udf(k), v FROM tab3
+EXCEPT DISTINCT
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab4;
+
+-- Mismatch on number of columns across both branches
+SELECT k FROM tab3
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT k, v FROM tab4;
+
+-- Chain of set operations
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab3
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab4
+UNION
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab3
+EXCEPT DISTINCT
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab4;
+
+-- Using MINUS ALL
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab3
+MINUS ALL
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab4
+UNION
+SELECT udf(k), udf(v) FROM tab3
+MINUS DISTINCT
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab4;
+
+-- Chain of set operations
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab3
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT udf(k), v FROM tab4
+EXCEPT DISTINCT
+SELECT k, udf(v) FROM tab3
+EXCEPT DISTINCT
+SELECT udf(k), v FROM tab4;
+
+-- Join under except all. Should produce empty resultset since both left and right sets 
+-- are same.
+SELECT * 
+FROM   (SELECT tab3.k,
+               udf(tab4.v)
+        FROM   tab3 
+               JOIN tab4 
+                 ON udf(tab3.k) = tab4.k)
+EXCEPT ALL 
+SELECT * 
+FROM   (SELECT udf(tab3.k),
+               tab4.v
+        FROM   tab3 
+               JOIN tab4 
+                 ON tab3.k = udf(tab4.k));
+
+-- Join under except all (2)
+SELECT * 
+FROM   (SELECT udf(udf(tab3.k)),
+               udf(tab4.v)
+        FROM   tab3 
+               JOIN tab4 
+                 ON udf(udf(tab3.k)) = udf(tab4.k))
+EXCEPT ALL 
+SELECT * 
+FROM   (SELECT udf(tab4.v) AS k,
+               udf(udf(tab3.k)) AS v
+        FROM   tab3 
+               JOIN tab4 
+                 ON udf(tab3.k) = udf(tab4.k));
+
+-- Group by under ExceptAll
+SELECT udf(v) FROM tab3 GROUP BY v
+EXCEPT ALL
+SELECT udf(k) FROM tab4 GROUP BY k;
+
+-- Clean-up 
+DROP VIEW IF EXISTS tab1;
+DROP VIEW IF EXISTS tab2;
+DROP VIEW IF EXISTS tab3;
+DROP VIEW IF EXISTS tab4;