[libc++] Fix linking for platforms that don't implement std::exception_ptr (#79040)

This patch fixes linkage for platforms that don't implement
std::exception_ptr, as such setup was overlooked in #65534.
NOKEYCHECK=True
GitOrigin-RevId: 8c680451a5eff02dd7e5004b69e05b3744f4e1aa

Author: itrofimow

src/support/runtime/exception_pointer_unimplemented.ipp

@@ -30,6 +30,12 @@ exception_ptr& exception_ptr::operator=(const exception_ptr& other) noexcept {
   ::abort();
 }
 
+exception_ptr exception_ptr::__from_native_exception_pointer(void *__e) noexcept {
+#warning exception_ptr not yet implemented
+  fprintf(stderr, "exception_ptr not yet implemented\n");
+  ::abort();
+}
+
 nested_exception::nested_exception() noexcept : __ptr_(current_exception()) {}
 
 #if !defined(__GLIBCXX__)