diff --git a/jlib/number.go b/jlib/number.go
index 8cb0e46..35f6afc 100644
--- a/jlib/number.go
+++ b/jlib/number.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 var reNumber = regexp.MustCompile(`^-?(([0-9]+))(\.[0-9]+)?([Ee][-+]?[0-9]+)?$`)
+var reHexNumber = regexp.MustCompile(`^-?0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+$`)
 
 // Number converts values to numbers. Numeric values are returned
 // unchanged. Strings in legal JSON number format are converted
@@ -36,7 +37,27 @@ func Number(value StringNumberBool) (float64, error) {
 	}
 
 	s, ok := jtypes.AsString(v)
-	if ok && reNumber.MatchString(s) {
+	if !ok {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("unable to cast %q to a number", s)
+	}
+
+	// Check for hexadecimal numbers first
+	if reHexNumber.MatchString(s) {
+		// Remove the 0x or 0X prefix and parse as base 16
+		hexStr := s
+		if strings.HasPrefix(s, "-0x") || strings.HasPrefix(s, "-0X") {
+			hexStr = "-" + s[3:]
+		} else if strings.HasPrefix(s, "0x") || strings.HasPrefix(s, "0X") {
+			hexStr = s[2:]
+		}
+
+		if n, err := strconv.ParseInt(hexStr, 16, 64); err == nil {
+			return float64(n), nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check for regular decimal numbers
+	if reNumber.MatchString(s) {
 		if n, err := strconv.ParseFloat(s, 64); err == nil {
 			return n, nil
 		}
@@ -116,7 +137,7 @@ func Random() float64 {
 // It does this by converting back and forth to strings to
 // avoid floating point rounding errors, e.g.
 //
-//     4.525 * math.Pow10(2) returns 452.50000000000006
+//	4.525 * math.Pow10(2) returns 452.50000000000006
 func multByPow10(x float64, n int) float64 {
 	if n == 0 || math.IsNaN(x) || math.IsInf(x, 0) {
 		return x
diff --git a/jparse/lexer.go b/jparse/lexer.go
index bff6df4..bf49600 100644
--- a/jparse/lexer.go
+++ b/jparse/lexer.go
@@ -326,13 +326,26 @@ Loop:
 // and returns a number token.
 func (l *lexer) scanNumber() token {
 
-	// JSON does not support leading zeroes. The integer part of
-	// a number will either be a single zero, or a non-zero digit
-	// followed by zero or more digits.
-	if !l.acceptRune('0') {
+	// Check for hexadecimal numbers first (0x or 0X prefix)
+	if l.acceptRune('0') {
+		if l.acceptRunes2('x', 'X') {
+			// This is a hexadecimal number
+			if !l.acceptAll(isHexDigit) {
+				// If there are no hex digits after 0x, this is invalid
+				return l.error(ErrInvalidNumber, l.input[l.start:l.current])
+			}
+			return l.newToken(typeNumber)
+		}
+		// Single zero - valid decimal number
+	} else {
+		// JSON does not support leading zeroes. The integer part of
+		// a number will either be a single zero, or a non-zero digit
+		// followed by zero or more digits.
 		l.accept(isNonZeroDigit)
 		l.acceptAll(isDigit)
 	}
+
+	// Handle decimal point for decimal numbers
 	if l.acceptRune('.') {
 		if !l.acceptAll(isDigit) {
 			// If there are no digits after the decimal point,
@@ -342,6 +355,8 @@ func (l *lexer) scanNumber() token {
 			return l.newToken(typeNumber)
 		}
 	}
+
+	// Handle scientific notation for decimal numbers
 	if l.acceptRunes2('e', 'E') {
 		l.acceptRunes2('+', '-')
 		l.acceptAll(isDigit)
@@ -522,6 +537,10 @@ func isNonZeroDigit(r rune) bool {
 	return r >= '1' && r <= '9'
 }
 
+func isHexDigit(r rune) bool {
+	return (r >= '0' && r <= '9') || (r >= 'a' && r <= 'f') || (r >= 'A' && r <= 'F')
+}
+
 // symbolsAndKeywords maps operator token types back to their
 // string representations. It's only used by tokenType.String
 // (and one test).
diff --git a/jparse/node.go b/jparse/node.go
index 6d2bbe4..7cc436c 100644
--- a/jparse/node.go
+++ b/jparse/node.go
@@ -57,14 +57,32 @@ type NumberNode struct {
 
 func parseNumber(p *parser, t token) (Node, error) {
 
-	// Number literals are promoted to type float64.
-	n, err := strconv.ParseFloat(t.Value, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		typ := ErrInvalidNumber
-		if e, ok := err.(*strconv.NumError); ok && e.Err == strconv.ErrRange {
-			typ = ErrNumberRange
+	var n float64
+	var err error
+
+	// Check if this is a hexadecimal number
+	if strings.HasPrefix(t.Value, "0x") || strings.HasPrefix(t.Value, "0X") {
+		// Parse as hexadecimal
+		hexStr := t.Value[2:] // Remove 0x prefix
+		if hexInt, parseErr := strconv.ParseInt(hexStr, 16, 64); parseErr == nil {
+			n = float64(hexInt)
+		} else {
+			typ := ErrInvalidNumber
+			if e, ok := parseErr.(*strconv.NumError); ok && e.Err == strconv.ErrRange {
+				typ = ErrNumberRange
+			}
+			return nil, newError(typ, t)
+		}
+	} else {
+		// Parse as decimal number
+		n, err = strconv.ParseFloat(t.Value, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			typ := ErrInvalidNumber
+			if e, ok := err.(*strconv.NumError); ok && e.Err == strconv.ErrRange {
+				typ = ErrNumberRange
+			}
+			return nil, newError(typ, t)
 		}
-		return nil, newError(typ, t)
 	}
 
 	return &NumberNode{
diff --git a/jsonata_test.go b/jsonata_test.go
index 3267918..aa30ff0 100644
--- a/jsonata_test.go
+++ b/jsonata_test.go
@@ -5991,6 +5991,13 @@ func TestFuncNumber(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			Output: float64(0),
 		},
+		{
+			Expression: []string{
+				"$number(0x0023)",
+				`$number("0x0023")`,
+			},
+			Output: float64(35),
+		},
 		{
 			Expression: []string{
 				"$number(10)",