The function (at least on a GPKG) will not show immediate effects in the landscapelab. QGIS showed the added values, but only on a specific zoom level. Rebuilding overviews is necessary:
gdaladdo -clean GPKG:LL.gpkg:dhm
gdaladdo -r nearest GPKG:LL.gpkg:dhm
The geopackage might not be flushed properly. It also weirdly adds a journal and wal file which summed up made almost half a gigabyte.
This would also explain another problematic behavior, which causes crashes when using the function multiple times on the same dataset.