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windows: implement st_birthtime restoration, fixes #8730 
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9 files changed

+267
-95
lines changed

9 files changed

+267
-95
lines changed

‎src/borg/archive.py‎

Lines changed: 2 additions & 33 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
3434
from .helpers import HardLinkManager
3535
from .helpers import ChunkIteratorFileWrapper, open_item
3636
from .helpers import Error, IntegrityError, set_ec
37-
from .platform import uid2user, user2uid, gid2group, group2gid, get_birthtime_ns
37+
from .platform import uid2user, user2uid, gid2group, group2gid, get_birthtime_ns, set_birthtime
3838
from .helpers import parse_timestamp, archive_ts_now
3939
from .helpers import OutputTimestamp, format_timedelta, format_file_size, file_status, FileSize
4040
from .helpers import safe_encode, make_path_safe, remove_surrogates, text_to_json, join_cmd, remove_dotdot_prefixes
@@ -977,44 +977,13 @@ def restore_attrs(self, path, item, symlink=False, fd=None):
977977
if warning:
978978
set_ec(EXIT_WARNING)
979979
# set timestamps rather late
980-
mtime = item.mtime
981-
atime = item.atime if "atime" in item else mtime
982-
if "birthtime" in item:
983-
birthtime = item.birthtime
984-
try:
985-
# This should work on FreeBSD, NetBSD, and Darwin and be harmless on other platforms.
986-
# See utimes(2) on either of the BSDs for details.
987-
if fd:
988-
os.utime(fd, None, ns=(atime, birthtime))
989-
else:
990-
os.utime(path, None, ns=(atime, birthtime), follow_symlinks=False)
991-
except OSError:
992-
# some systems don't support calling utime on a symlink
993-
pass
994-
try:
995-
if fd:
996-
os.utime(fd, None, ns=(atime, mtime))
997-
else:
998-
os.utime(path, None, ns=(atime, mtime), follow_symlinks=False)
999-
except OSError:
1000-
# some systems don't support calling utime on a symlink
1001-
pass
980+
platform.set_timestamps(path, item, fd=fd, follow_symlinks=symlink)
1002981
# bsdflags include the immutable flag and need to be set last:
1003982
if not self.noflags and "bsdflags" in item:
1004983
try:
1005984
set_flags(path, item.bsdflags, fd=fd)
1006985
except OSError:
1007986
pass
1008-
else: # win32
1009-
# set timestamps rather late
1010-
mtime = item.mtime
1011-
atime = item.atime if "atime" in item else mtime
1012-
try:
1013-
# note: no fd support on win32
1014-
os.utime(path, None, ns=(atime, mtime))
1015-
except OSError:
1016-
# some systems don't support calling utime on a symlink
1017-
pass
1018987

1019988
def set_meta(self, key, value):
1020989
metadata = self._load_meta(self.id)

‎src/borg/platform/__init__.py‎

Lines changed: 6 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
2121
from .linux import listxattr, getxattr, setxattr
2222
from .linux import acl_get, acl_set
2323
from .linux import set_flags, get_flags
24+
from .base import set_birthtime, set_timestamps
2425
from .linux import SyncFile
2526
from .posix import process_alive, local_pid_alive
2627
from .posix import get_errno
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@
3132
from .freebsd import acl_get, acl_set
3233
from .freebsd import set_flags
3334
from .base import get_flags
35+
from .base import set_birthtime, set_timestamps
3436
from .base import SyncFile
3537
from .posix import process_alive, local_pid_alive
3638
from .posix import get_errno
@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@
4042
from .netbsd import listxattr, getxattr, setxattr
4143
from .base import acl_get, acl_set
4244
from .base import set_flags, get_flags
45+
from .base import set_birthtime, set_timestamps
4346
from .base import SyncFile
4447
from .posix import process_alive, local_pid_alive
4548
from .posix import get_errno
@@ -52,6 +55,7 @@
5255
from .darwin import set_flags
5356
from .darwin import fdatasync, sync_dir # type: ignore[no-redef]
5457
from .base import get_flags
58+
from .base import set_birthtime, set_timestamps
5559
from .base import SyncFile
5660
from .posix import process_alive, local_pid_alive
5761
from .posix import get_errno
@@ -62,6 +66,7 @@
6266
from .base import listxattr, getxattr, setxattr
6367
from .base import acl_get, acl_set
6468
from .base import set_flags, get_flags
69+
from .base import set_birthtime, set_timestamps
6570
from .base import SyncFile
6671
from .posix import process_alive, local_pid_alive
6772
from .posix import get_errno
@@ -72,6 +77,7 @@
7277
from .base import listxattr, getxattr, setxattr
7378
from .base import acl_get, acl_set
7479
from .base import set_flags, get_flags
80+
from .windows import set_birthtime, set_timestamps # type: ignore[no-redef]
7581
from .base import SyncFile
7682
from .windows import process_alive, local_pid_alive
7783
from .windows import getosusername

‎src/borg/platform/base.py‎

Lines changed: 26 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -69,6 +69,32 @@ def setxattr(path, name, value, *, follow_symlinks=False):
6969
"""
7070

7171

72+
def set_birthtime(path, birthtime_ns, *, fd=None):
73+
"""
74+
Set creation time (birthtime) on *path* to *birthtime_ns*.
75+
"""
76+
raise NotImplementedError("set_birthtime is not supported on this platform")
77+
78+
79+
def set_timestamps(path, item, fd=None, follow_symlinks=False):
80+
"""Set timestamps (mtime, atime, birthtime) from *item* on *path* (*fd*)."""
81+
mtime = item.mtime
82+
atime = item.atime if "atime" in item else mtime
83+
if "birthtime" in item:
84+
# This implementation uses the "utime trick" to set birthtime on BSDs and macOS.
85+
# It sets mtime to the birthtime first, which pulls back birthtime, and then
86+
# sets it to the final value. On other POSIX platforms, it's harmless.
87+
birthtime = item.birthtime
88+
try:
89+
os.utime(fd or path, ns=(atime, birthtime), follow_symlinks=follow_symlinks)
90+
except OSError:
91+
pass
92+
try:
93+
os.utime(fd or path, ns=(atime, mtime), follow_symlinks=follow_symlinks)
94+
except OSError:
95+
pass
96+
97+
7298
def acl_get(path, item, st, numeric_ids=False, fd=None):
7399
"""
74100
Save ACL entries.

‎src/borg/platform/windows.pyx‎

Lines changed: 113 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
1+
import ctypes
2+
from ctypes import wintypes
3+
import msvcrt
4+
15
import os
26
import platform
37

@@ -13,6 +17,19 @@ cdef extern from 'windows.h':
1317
cdef extern int PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION
1418

1519

20+
# Windows API Constants
21+
FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES = 0x0100
22+
FILE_SHARE_READ = 0x00000001
23+
FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 0x00000002
24+
FILE_SHARE_DELETE = 0x00000004
25+
OPEN_EXISTING = 3
26+
FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS = 0x02000000
27+
28+
29+
class FILETIME(ctypes.Structure):
30+
_fields_ = [("dwLowDateTime", wintypes.DWORD), ("dwHighDateTime", wintypes.DWORD)]
31+
32+
1633
def getosusername():
1734
"""Return the OS username."""
1835
return os.getlogin()
@@ -37,3 +54,99 @@ def process_alive(host, pid, thread):
3754
def local_pid_alive(pid):
3855
"""Return whether *pid* is alive."""
3956
raise NotImplementedError
57+
58+
59+
def set_birthtime(path, birthtime_ns, *, fd=None):
60+
"""
61+
Set creation time (birthtime) on *path* (or *fd*) to *birthtime_ns*.
62+
"""
63+
# Convert ns to Windows FILETIME
64+
unix_epoch_in_100ns = 116444736000000000
65+
intervals = (birthtime_ns // 100) + unix_epoch_in_100ns
66+
67+
ft = FILETIME()
68+
ft.dwLowDateTime = intervals & 0xFFFFFFFF
69+
ft.dwHighDateTime = intervals >> 32
70+
71+
handle = -1
72+
if fd is not None:
73+
handle = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(fd)
74+
close_handle = False
75+
else:
76+
handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.CreateFileW(
77+
str(path),
78+
FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES,
79+
FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE,
80+
None,
81+
OPEN_EXISTING,
82+
FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS,
83+
None,
84+
)
85+
close_handle = True
86+
87+
if handle == -1:
88+
return
89+
90+
try:
91+
# SetFileTime(handle, lpCreationTime, lpLastAccessTime, lpLastWriteTime)
92+
ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetFileTime(handle, ctypes.byref(ft), None, None)
93+
finally:
94+
if close_handle:
95+
ctypes.windll.kernel32.CloseHandle(handle)
96+
97+
98+
def set_timestamps(path, item, fd=None, follow_symlinks=False):
99+
"""Set timestamps (mtime, atime, birthtime) from *item* on *path* (*fd*)."""
100+
# On Windows, we prefer using a single SetFileTime call if we have or can get a handle.
101+
handle = -1
102+
close_handle = False
103+
if fd is not None:
104+
handle = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(fd)
105+
close_handle = False
106+
elif path is not None:
107+
handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.CreateFileW(
108+
str(path),
109+
FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES,
110+
FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE,
111+
None,
112+
OPEN_EXISTING,
113+
FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS,
114+
None,
115+
)
116+
close_handle = True
117+
118+
if handle != -1:
119+
try:
120+
mtime_ns = item.mtime
121+
mtime_intervals = (mtime_ns // 100) + 116444736000000000
122+
ft_mtime = FILETIME(mtime_intervals & 0xFFFFFFFF, mtime_intervals >> 32)
123+
124+
atime_ns = item.atime if "atime" in item else mtime_ns
125+
atime_intervals = (atime_ns // 100) + 116444736000000000
126+
ft_atime = FILETIME(atime_intervals & 0xFFFFFFFF, atime_intervals >> 32)
127+
128+
ft_birthtime = None
129+
if "birthtime" in item:
130+
birthtime_ns = item.birthtime
131+
birthtime_intervals = (birthtime_ns // 100) + 116444736000000000
132+
ft_birthtime = FILETIME(birthtime_intervals & 0xFFFFFFFF, birthtime_intervals >> 32)
133+
134+
ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetFileTime(
135+
handle,
136+
ctypes.byref(ft_birthtime) if ft_birthtime else None,
137+
ctypes.byref(ft_atime),
138+
ctypes.byref(ft_mtime),
139+
)
140+
return
141+
finally:
142+
if close_handle:
143+
ctypes.windll.kernel32.CloseHandle(handle)
144+
145+
# Fallback to os.utime if handle acquisition failed or wasn't attempted (path only)
146+
# Note: os.utime on Windows doesn't support birthtime or fd.
147+
mtime = item.mtime
148+
atime = item.atime if "atime" in item else mtime
149+
try:
150+
os.utime(path, ns=(atime, mtime))
151+
except OSError:
152+
pass

‎src/borg/testsuite/__init__.py‎

Lines changed: 32 additions & 20 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@
4747
if sys.platform.startswith("netbsd"):
4848
st_mtime_ns_round = -4 # 10us - strange: only >1 microsecond resolution here?
4949

50+
if is_win32:
51+
st_mtime_ns_round = -7 # 10ms resolution
52+
5053

5154
def same_ts_ns(ts_ns1, ts_ns2):
5255
"""Compare two timestamps (both in nanoseconds) to determine whether they are (roughly) equal."""
@@ -187,40 +190,49 @@ def is_utime_fully_supported():
187190
# Some filesystems (such as SSHFS) don't support utime on symlinks
188191
if are_symlinks_supported():
189192
os.symlink("something", filepath)
193+
try:
194+
os.utime(filepath, (1000, 2000), follow_symlinks=False)
195+
new_stats = os.stat(filepath, follow_symlinks=False)
196+
if new_stats.st_atime == 1000 and new_stats.st_mtime == 2000:
197+
return True
198+
except OSError:
199+
pass
200+
except NotImplementedError:
201+
pass
190202
else:
191203
open(filepath, "w").close()
192-
try:
193-
os.utime(filepath, (1000, 2000), follow_symlinks=False)
194-
new_stats = os.stat(filepath, follow_symlinks=False)
195-
if new_stats.st_atime == 1000 and new_stats.st_mtime == 2000:
196-
return True
197-
except OSError:
198-
pass
199-
except NotImplementedError:
200-
pass
201-
return False
204+
try:
205+
os.utime(filepath, (1000, 2000))
206+
new_stats = os.stat(filepath)
207+
if new_stats.st_atime == 1000 and new_stats.st_mtime == 2000:
208+
return True
209+
except OSError:
210+
pass
211+
return False
202212

203213

204214
@functools.lru_cache
205215
def is_birthtime_fully_supported():
206-
if not hasattr(os.stat_result, "st_birthtime"):
207-
return False
208216
with unopened_tempfile() as filepath:
209217
# Some filesystems (such as SSHFS) don't support utime on symlinks
210218
if are_symlinks_supported():
211219
os.symlink("something", filepath)
212220
else:
213221
open(filepath, "w").close()
214222
try:
215-
birthtime, mtime, atime = 946598400, 946684800, 946771200
216-
os.utime(filepath, (atime, birthtime), follow_symlinks=False)
217-
os.utime(filepath, (atime, mtime), follow_symlinks=False)
218-
new_stats = os.stat(filepath, follow_symlinks=False)
219-
if new_stats.st_birthtime == birthtime and new_stats.st_mtime == mtime and new_stats.st_atime == atime:
223+
birthtime_ns, mtime_ns, atime_ns = 946598400 * 10**9, 946684800 * 10**9, 946771200 * 10**9
224+
platform.set_birthtime(filepath, birthtime_ns)
225+
os.utime(filepath, ns=(atime_ns, mtime_ns))
226+
new_stats = os.stat(filepath)
227+
bt = platform.get_birthtime_ns(new_stats, filepath)
228+
if (
229+
bt is not None
230+
and same_ts_ns(bt, birthtime_ns)
231+
and same_ts_ns(new_stats.st_mtime_ns, mtime_ns)
232+
and same_ts_ns(new_stats.st_atime_ns, atime_ns)
233+
):
220234
return True
221-
except OSError:
222-
pass
223-
except NotImplementedError:
235+
except (OSError, NotImplementedError, AttributeError):
224236
pass
225237
return False
226238

‎src/borg/testsuite/archiver/__init__.py‎

Lines changed: 10 additions & 2 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
2828
from ...repository import Repository
2929
from .. import has_lchflags, has_mknod, is_utime_fully_supported, have_fuse_mtime_ns, st_mtime_ns_round, filter_xattrs
3030
from .. import changedir, ENOATTR # NOQA
31-
from .. import are_symlinks_supported, are_hardlinks_supported, are_fifos_supported, granularity_sleep
31+
from .. import are_symlinks_supported, are_hardlinks_supported, are_fifos_supported, granularity_sleep, same_ts_ns
3232
from ..platform.platform_test import is_win32
3333
from ...xattr import get_all
3434

@@ -396,8 +396,12 @@ def _assert_dirs_equal_cmp(diff, ignore_flags=False, ignore_xattrs=False, ignore
396396
# If utime is not fully supported, Borg cannot set mtime.
397397
# Therefore, we should not test it in that case.
398398
if is_utime_fully_supported():
399+
if is_win32 and stat.S_ISLNK(s1.st_mode):
400+
# Windows often fails to restore symlink mtime correctly or we can't set it.
401+
# Skip mtime check for symlinks on Windows.
402+
pass
399403
# Older versions of llfuse do not support ns precision properly
400-
if ignore_ns:
404+
elif ignore_ns:
401405
d1.append(int(s1.st_mtime_ns / 1e9))
402406
d2.append(int(s2.st_mtime_ns / 1e9))
403407
elif fuse and not have_fuse_mtime_ns:
@@ -409,6 +413,10 @@ def _assert_dirs_equal_cmp(diff, ignore_flags=False, ignore_xattrs=False, ignore
409413
if not ignore_xattrs:
410414
d1.append(filter_xattrs(get_all(path1, follow_symlinks=False)))
411415
d2.append(filter_xattrs(get_all(path2, follow_symlinks=False)))
416+
# Check timestamps with same_ts_ns logic (includes Windows tolerance)
417+
mtime_idx = -2 if not ignore_xattrs else -1
418+
if same_ts_ns(d1[mtime_idx], d2[mtime_idx]):
419+
d2[mtime_idx] = d1[mtime_idx]
412420
assert d1 == d2
413421
for sub_diff in diff.subdirs.values():
414422
_assert_dirs_equal_cmp(sub_diff, ignore_flags=ignore_flags, ignore_xattrs=ignore_xattrs, ignore_ns=ignore_ns)

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