Fix up standard input sections

Author: bowbahdoe

src/SUMMARY.md

@@ -204,15 +204,6 @@ BFS
   - [Iterate over a String](./loops/iterate_over_a_string.md)
   - [Challenges](./loops/challenges.md)
 
-# Interactive Programs II
-
-- [Standard Input II](./standard_input_ii.md)
-  - [Prompting](./standard_input_ii/prompting.md)
-  - [Interpreting Input](./standard_input_ii/interpreting_input.md)
-  - [Reprompting](./standard_input_ii/reprompting.md)
-  - [Leniency](./standard_input_ii/leniency.md)
-  - [Delayed Assignment](./standard_input_ii/delayed_assignment.md)
-
 # Projects
 
 <!-- Software is an Interdisciplinary Field -->
@@ -315,11 +306,6 @@ BFS
   - [Populate Arrays](./arrays_ii/populate_arrays.md)
   - [Challenges](./arrays_ii/challenges.md)
 
-# Projects
-
-<!-- chicken nugget number type things come up when dispensing change -->
-- [Point of Sale System](./projects/point_of_sale_system.md)
-
 
 # Code Structure II
 
@@ -348,14 +334,13 @@ BFS
   - [Clarity](./instance_methods/clarity.md)
   - [Challenges](./instance_methods/challenges.md)
 
-# Interactive Programs III
 
-- [Standard Input III](./standard_input_iii.md)
-  - [Transporting Data](./standard_input_iii/transporting_data.md)
 
-# Projects II
+# Projects
+
+<!-- chicken nugget number type things come up when dispensing change -->
+- [Point of Sale System](./projects/point_of_sale_system.md)
 
-- [Monte Carlo Sampling]()
 
 # Data Types IV
 
@@ -395,6 +380,18 @@ BFS
   - [null](./switch/null.md)
   - [Challenges](./switch/challenges.md)
 
+
+# Interactive Programs II
+
+- [Standard Input II](./standard_input_ii.md)
+  - [Reprompting](./standard_input_ii/reprompting.md)
+  - [Enums](./standard_input_ii/enums.md)
+  - [Delayed Assignment](./standard_input_ii/delayed_assignment.md)
+  - [Leniency](./standard_input_ii/leniency.md)
+  - [Aggregating Data](./standard_input_ii/aggregating_data.md)
+  - [Challenges](./standard_input_ii/challenges.md)
+
+
 # Code Structure III
 
 - [Constructors](./constructors.md)

src/standard_input/interpreting_input.md

@@ -5,5 +5,16 @@ When you call `IO.readln` the human on the other side can type whatever they wan
 This means that, depending on the question you asked, you might need to interpret
 what they typed as something other than a `String`.
 
-The way to do this differs depending on what type you want, but for at least the types we covered so far
-there is a basic-enough process.
+In its most basic form this will look like seeing if one `String` equals another `String`.
+
+```java,no_run
+void main() {
+    String color = IO.readln("What is your favorite color? ");
+    if (color.equals("green")) {
+        IO.println("Me too!");
+    }
+    else {
+        IO.println("neat.")
+    }
+}
+```

src/standard_input_ii.md

@@ -1 +1,7 @@
 # Standard Input II
+
+If you are using a program and you type something slightly wrong 
+it does not feel good if the program then immediately crashes.
+
+As such it often makes sense to not only request your users type something
+and then interpret what they typed, but to also give feedback and perhaps ask them again.

…/standard_input_iii/transporting_data.md src/standard_input_ii/aggregating_data.mdsrc/standard_input_iii/transporting_data.md renamed to src/standard_input_ii/aggregating_data.md src/standard_input_iii/transporting_data.md renamed to src/standard_input_ii/aggregating_data.md

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-# Transporting Data
+# Aggregating Data
+
 
 If you ask someone multiple questions you likely will get multiple variables
 worth of information.

src/standard_input_ii/challenges.md

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+# Challenges
+
+Remember the rules for this are
+
+- Try to use only the information given up to this point in this book.
+- Try not to give up until you've given it a solid attempt
+
+## Challenge 1
+
+Write a program that asks which Twilight character Bella should have ended up with.
+
+It should keep asking this question until the user types the magic words "i do not care" 
+
+```java,no_run
+void main() {
+    // CODE HERE
+}
+```
+
+## Challenge 2
+
+Update the program above to also accept "I DO NOT CARE", "I Do Not Care", and
+any other mix of capital and lower-case letters
+
+
+## Challenge 3
+
+Write a method called `askForBirthday` that asks for the year, month, and day that someone was born.
+This method should return all three pieces of information with a `Birthday` class.
+
+```java,no_run
+class Birthday {
+    // CODE HERE
+}
+
+Birthday askForBirthday() {
+    // CODE ALSO HERE
+}
+
+void main() {
+    Birthday b = askForBirthday();
+    IO.println(b.year + "-" + b.month + "-" + b.day)
+}
+```
+
+## Challenge 4
+
+Update the program above to reprompt the user if they enter any nonsensical information
+for the year, month, or day. This includes negative numbers for the year, month, or day.
+
+## Challenge 5
+
+Update the birthday program to represent the month with an enum named `Month`.
+
+Accept both the name of the month with any capitalization and the number of the month (starting with `1` for January) as valid ways to specify the month.
+
+Make sure to still reprompt on unexpected inputs.
+
+```java,no_run
+enum Month {
+    JANUARY,
+    FEBRUARY,
+    MARCH,
+    APRIL,
+    MAY,
+    JUNE,
+    JULY,
+    AUGUST,
+    SEPTEMBER,
+    NOVEMBER,
+    DECEMBER
+}
+
+class Birthday {
+    // CODE HERE
+}
+
+Birthday askForBirthday() {
+    // CODE ALSO HERE
+}
+
+void main() {
+    Birthday b = askForBirthday();
+    IO.println(b.year + "-" + b.month + "-" + b.day)
+}
+```

src/standard_input_ii/enums.md

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+# Enums
+
+Just as you might want to interpret what someone typed as an `int` or `double`
+there are times you will want to interpret input as an `enum` value.
+
+To do this you can write `.valueOf` after the name of the enum. So for a `StopLight` enum `StopLight.valueOf`
+can interpret a `String` as a `StopLight`.
+
+```java,no_run
+enum StopLight {
+    RED,
+    YELLOW,
+    GREEN
+}
+
+void main() {
+    String colorString = IO.readln("What color was the stoplight? ");
+    StopLight color = StopLight.valueOf(colorString);
+    IO.println("The stop light was " + color);
+}
+```
+
+This will throw an exception if the `String` does not match, so you can reprompt using the same `try`/`catch` structure as you would use with `Integer.parseInt`.
+
+```java,no_run
+enum StopLight {
+    RED,
+    YELLOW,
+    GREEN
+}
+
+void main() {
+    StopLight color;
+    while (true) {
+    String colorString = IO.readln("What color was the stoplight? ");
+        try {
+            color = StopLight.valueOf(colorString);
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        break;
+    }
+
+    IO.println("The stop light was " + color);
+}
+```
+
+Unfortunately, this only works if what they typed is exactly the name of an enum variant. So 
+in the example above they need to type `RED` in all capital letters.
+
+To have a different mapping of strings to enum values you need to write code yourself.
+
+```java,no_run
+enum StopLight {
+    RED,
+    YELLOW,
+    GREEN
+}
+
+StopLight stringToStopLight(String s) {
+    if (s.equals("r")) {
+        return StopLight.RED;
+    }
+    else if (s.equals("y")) {
+        return StopLight.YELLOW;
+    }
+    else if (s.equals("g")) {
+        return StopLight.GREEN;
+    }
+    else {
+        throw new RuntimeException("Unknown color.")
+    }
+}
+
+void main() {
+    String colorString = IO.readln("What color was the stoplight? ");
+    StopLight color = stringToStopLight(colorString);
+    IO.println("The stop light was " + color);
+}
+```
+

src/standard_input_ii/interpreting_input.md

@@ -27,3 +27,29 @@ void main() {
 }
 ```
 
+If the program would normally crash on unexpected input you can use `try` and `catch` to recover
+from this and reprompt the user.
+
+This is applicable to `Integer.parseInt`, `Double.parseDouble`, and any other method that would
+throw an exception on unexpected inputs.
+
+```java,no_run
+void main() {
+    int number;
+    while (true) {
+        String response = IO.readln("What is your least favorite number? ");
+        try {
+            // Here Integer.parseInt might throw an exception,
+            number = Integer.parseInt(response);
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            // If that happens, go up to the top and reprompt
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // If a "continue" is not hit, exit the loop
+        break;
+    }
+
+    IO.println("Your least favorite number is " + number);
+}
+```