measurement.cpp

// The MIT License (MIT)
//
// Copyright (c) 2018 Mateusz Pusz
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
// SOFTWARE.

#include <mp-units/bits/hacks.h>
#include <mp-units/compat_macros.h>
#ifdef MP_UNITS_IMPORT_STD
import std;
#else
#include <cmath>
#include <compare>  // IWYU pragma: export
#include <exception>
#include <iostream>
#include <utility>
#endif
#ifdef MP_UNITS_MODULES
import mp_units;
#else
#include <mp-units/framework.h>
#include <mp-units/ostream.h>
#include <mp-units/systems/isq/space_and_time.h>
#include <mp-units/systems/si.h>
#endif

namespace {

template<typename T>
class measurement {
public:
  using value_type = T;

  measurement() = default;

  // NOLINTNEXTLINE(bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters)
  constexpr explicit measurement(value_type val, const value_type& err = {}) :
      value_(std::move(val)), uncertainty_([&] {
        using namespace std;
        return abs(err);
      }())
  {
  }

  [[nodiscard]] constexpr const value_type& value() const { return value_; }
  [[nodiscard]] constexpr const value_type& uncertainty() const { return uncertainty_; }

  [[nodiscard]] constexpr value_type relative_uncertainty() const { return uncertainty() / value(); }
  [[nodiscard]] constexpr value_type lower_bound() const { return value() - uncertainty(); }
  [[nodiscard]] constexpr value_type upper_bound() const { return value() + uncertainty(); }

  [[nodiscard]] constexpr measurement operator-() const { return measurement(-value(), uncertainty()); }

  [[nodiscard]] friend constexpr measurement operator+(const measurement& lhs, const measurement& rhs)
  {
    using namespace std;
    return measurement{std::in_place, lhs.value() + rhs.value(), hypot(lhs.uncertainty(), rhs.uncertainty())};
  }

  [[nodiscard]] friend constexpr measurement operator-(const measurement& lhs, const measurement& rhs)
  {
    using namespace std;
    return measurement{std::in_place, lhs.value() - rhs.value(), hypot(lhs.uncertainty(), rhs.uncertainty())};
  }

  template<typename To, mp_units::Magnitude M>
  [[nodiscard]] constexpr measurement<To> scale(std::type_identity<measurement<To>>, M scaling_factor) const
  {
    constexpr std::type_identity<To> to_value_type;
    return measurement<To>{
      std::in_place,
      mp_units::scale(to_value_type, scaling_factor, value()),
      mp_units::scale(to_value_type, scaling_factor, value()),
    };
  }

  template<mp_units::Magnitude M>
  [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto scale(M scaling_factor) const
  {
    return measurement{
      std::in_place,
      mp_units::scale(scaling_factor, value()),
      mp_units::scale(scaling_factor, value()),
    };
  }


  [[nodiscard]] friend constexpr measurement operator*(const measurement& lhs, const measurement& rhs)
  {
    const auto val = lhs.value() * rhs.value();
    using namespace std;
    return measurement(val, val * hypot(lhs.relative_uncertainty(), rhs.relative_uncertainty()));
  }

  [[nodiscard]] friend constexpr measurement operator*(const measurement& lhs, const value_type& value)
  {
    const auto val = lhs.value() * value;
    return measurement(val, val * lhs.relative_uncertainty());
  }

  [[nodiscard]] friend constexpr measurement operator*(const value_type& value, const measurement& rhs)
  {
    const auto val = rhs.value() * value;
    return measurement(val, val * rhs.relative_uncertainty());
  }

  [[nodiscard]] friend constexpr measurement operator/(const measurement& lhs, const measurement& rhs)
  {
    const auto val = lhs.value() / rhs.value();
    using namespace std;
    return measurement(val, val * hypot(lhs.relative_uncertainty(), rhs.relative_uncertainty()));
  }

  [[nodiscard]] friend constexpr measurement operator/(const measurement& lhs, const value_type& value)
  {
    const auto val = lhs.value() / value;
    return measurement(val, val * lhs.relative_uncertainty());
  }

  [[nodiscard]] friend constexpr measurement operator/(const value_type& value, const measurement& rhs)
  {
    const auto val = value / rhs.value();
    return measurement(val, val * rhs.relative_uncertainty());
  }

  [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto operator<=>(const measurement&) const = default;

  friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const measurement& v)
  {
    return os << v.value() << " ± " << v.uncertainty();
  }

private:
  value_type value_{};
  value_type uncertainty_{};

  // NOLINTNEXTLINE(bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters)
  constexpr measurement(std::in_place_t, value_type val, value_type err) :
      value_(std::move(val)), uncertainty_(std::move(err))
  {
  }
};

}  // namespace


template<typename T>
constexpr bool mp_units::is_scalar<measurement<T>> = true;
template<typename T>
constexpr bool mp_units::is_vector<measurement<T>> = true;

static_assert(mp_units::RepresentationOf<measurement<int>, mp_units::quantity_character::scalar>);
static_assert(mp_units::RepresentationOf<measurement<double>, mp_units::quantity_character::scalar>);

namespace {

void example()
{
  using namespace mp_units;
  using namespace mp_units::si::unit_symbols;

  const auto acceleration = isq::acceleration(measurement{9.8, 0.1} * m / s2);
  const auto time = measurement{1.2, 0.1} * s;

  const QuantityOf<isq::velocity> auto velocity = acceleration * time;
  std::cout << acceleration << " * " << time << " = " << velocity << " = " << velocity.in(km / h) << '\n';

  const auto length = measurement{123., 1.} * m;
  std::cout << "10 * " << length << " = " << 10 * length << '\n';

  std::cout << "Mass of the Sun: " << measurement{19884, 2} * (mag_power<10, 26> * kg) << '\n';
}

}  // namespace

int main()
{
  try {
    example();
  } catch (const std::exception& ex) {
    std::cerr << "Unhandled std exception caught: " << ex.what() << '\n';
  } catch (...) {
    std::cerr << "Unhandled unknown exception caught\n";
  }
}