docs: github vs gitlab

Author: tianzhou

content/blog/github-vs-gitlab.md

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+---
+title: "GitHub vs. GitLab: a Complete Comparison in 2025"
+author: Tianzhou
+updated_at: 2024/12/25 12:00
+feature_image: /content/blog/github-vs-gitlab/cover.webp
+tags: Industry
+featured: true
+description: 'An extensive comparison between GitHub and GitLab on history, code hosting, code review,
+code search, ci/cd, security, project management, ai, open '
+---
+
+<HintBlock type="info">
+
+This post is updated regularly. For the impatience, jump to the [last section](#github-or-gitlab) to
+see the comparison table. The [References](#references) provides further readings.
+
+</HintBlock>
+
+Unless you are an Atlassian fanatic, your choice for source code management (SCM) will likely come
+down to GitHub or GitLab. At Bytebase, we’ve extensively used both to develop our [database-as-code](/docs/vcs-integration/overview/)
+solutions. Drawing from our hands-on experience, we provide a detailed comparison of GitHub and GitLab
+across the following key areas.
+
+- [History](#history)
+- [Deployment Model](#deployment-model)
+- [Tech Stack](#tech-stack)
+- [Repository Management](#repository-management)
+- [Code Review](#code-review)
+- [Code Search](#code-search)
+- [CI/CD](#cicd)
+- [Security](#security)
+- [Project Management](#project-management)
+- [AI](#ai)
+- [Open Source](#open-source)
+- [Ecosystem](#ecosystem)
+- [Pricing](#pricing)
+- [Switching Cost](#switching-cost)
+
+## History
+
+![github](/content/blog/github-vs-gitlab/github.webp)
+
+**GitHub** was launched in [April 2008](https://github.blog/news-insights/the-library/we-launched/). GitHub
+quickly gained traction among developers, becoming a hub for open-source projects. In 2018, Microsoft
+[acquired](https://news.microsoft.com/2018/06/04/microsoft-to-acquire-github-for-7-5-billion/) GitHub for $7.5 billion.
+In 2021, GitHub [introduced Copilot](https://github.blog/news-insights/product-news/introducing-github-copilot-ai-pair-programmer/),
+revolutionizing how developers write code. Today, GitHub is the world's largest code collaboration platform,
+empowering millions of developers and organizations globally.
+
+---
+
+![gitlab](/content/blog/github-vs-gitlab/gitlab.webp)
+
+**GitLab** was launched in October 2011 as an open-source project, aiming
+to provide a self-hosted alternative to existing Git repository management solutions.
+
+![gitlab-yc](/content/blog/github-vs-gitlab/gitlab-yc.webp)
+
+During the [YC 2015 pitch](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HmrDjvv_ENQ&t=141s), GitLab positioned itself as an
+open-source GitHub alternative. In 2021, GitLab goes public on the NASDAQ under the ticker `GTLB`. Over time,
+GitLab evolved from a DevOps platform to a comprehensive DevSecOps solution, integrating security into the software development lifecycle (SDLC).
+In May 2023, GitLab [introduced AI-powered features](https://about.gitlab.com/press/releases/2023-05-22-gitlab-16-announces-ai-powered-devsecops-platform/)
+with the release of GitLab 16, followed by the beta release of GitLab Duo Chat in November 2023.
+
+## Deployment Model
+
+GitHub began as a SaaS platform and later introduced self-hosted options through GitHub Enterprise.
+
+GitLab started as a self-hosted solution and subsequently offered a SaaS option.
+
+Despite both platforms offering SaaS and self-hosted options, there's a perception that GitHub is primarily SaaS-focused, while GitLab is more associated with self-hosting. GitHub has enhanced its self-hosted offerings with features like CodeQL.
+
+<HintBlock type="info">
+
+You can self-host GitLab Community Edition for free, whereas self-hosting GitHub requires the Enterprise version.
+
+</HintBlock>
+
+## Tech Stack
+
+GitHub primarily uses Ruby on Rails for its core application, with MySQL serving as its main database.
+
+GitLab also relies on Ruby on Rails but uses PostgreSQL as its core database. In 2018, GitLab introduced `Gitaly`,
+a Git RPC service written in Go. For more details on GitLab’s tech stack, refer to the [installation requirements](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/install/requirements.html).
+
+## Repository Management
+
+The core feature sets are comparable. However, GitHub leads the way in code collaboration, pioneering lightweight forks and pull requests (PRs).
+
+GitLab later introduced merge requests (MRs), its equivalent to GitHub's PRs, along with fork functionality.
+
+## Code Review
+
+## Code Search
+
+## CI/CD
+
+## Security
+
+## Project Management
+
+## AI
+
+## Open Source
+
+## Ecosystem
+
+## Installation
+
+GitHub uses MySQL
+GitLab uses PostgreSQL
+
+## Pricing
+
+## Switching Cost
+
+## GitHub or GitLab
+
+## Trajectory
+
+## References
+
+- [A Brief History of the Pull Request](https://rdnlsmith.com/posts/2023/004/pull-request-origins/)
+- [History of GitLab](https://handbook.gitlab.com/handbook/company/history/)
+- [The road to Gitaly v1.0](https://about.gitlab.com/blog/2018/09/12/the-road-to-gitaly-1-0/)