feat: data loader (#2237)

* feat: create `Source` interface

WD-33878

* feat: implement `createSource`

WD-33879

Author: andogq

src/data/index.ts

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+export type { Source } from "./source";

src/data/source.ts

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+/**
+ * Interface of a data source for type `T`.
+ */
+export type Source<T> = {
+  /**
+   * Invalidate the current data.
+   */
+  invalidate: () => void;
+  /**
+   * Source is no longer required and can be cleaned up.
+   */
+  done: () => void;
+  /**
+   * Current state of the data.
+   *
+   * - `unknown`: State of data is not currently known.
+   *
+   * - `error`: An error occurred while fetching the data.
+   *
+   * - `valid`: The data is up-to-date.
+   *
+   * - `stale`: The data has been invalidated, and is waiting to be
+   *   re-fetched.
+   */
+  state: "error" | "stale" | "unknown" | "valid";
+  /**
+   * Loading state of the source.
+   */
+  loading: boolean;
+  /**
+   * Latest version of the data. If the source hasn't provided any
+   * data yet, then it will be `null`.
+   *
+   * @note This will always have the latest value, even if it has been
+   * invalidated or is currently being fetched.
+   */
+  data: null | T;
+  /**
+   * Current error of the source, if present.
+   */
+  error: {
+    /**
+     * User-friendly description of the error.
+     */
+    message: string;
+    /**
+     * Underlying error object.
+     */
+    source: unknown;
+  } | null;
+  /**
+   * Callback subscription for source events.
+   *
+   * - `data`: called when new data is available.
+   *
+   * - `error`: called when an error has occurred.
+   *
+   * - `load`: called when a load begins, and is provided promise
+   *   which will resolve with the loaded data, or reject with an
+   *   error.
+   */
+  on: <Name extends keyof Events<T>>(
+    event: Name,
+    cb: (...data: Events<T>[Name]) => void,
+  ) => UnsubscribeCallback;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Map of all event types available on a source.
+ */
+export type Events<T> = {
+  data: [data: T];
+  error: [message: string, source: unknown];
+  load: [result: Promise<T>];
+};
+
+/**
+ * A callback function to unsubscribe from some event.
+ */
+type UnsubscribeCallback = () => void;