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| 1 | +# Catalyst Runtime EVM |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +A high-performance Ethereum Virtual Machine runtime for the Catalyst Network, built on top of REVM with Catalyst-specific extensions. |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +## Overview |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | +The Catalyst EVM runtime provides full Ethereum compatibility while adding unique features like cross-runtime calls, distributed file system integration, and confidential transactions. It serves as one of the pluggable runtime environments in Catalyst's multi-runtime architecture. |
| 8 | + |
| 9 | +## Features |
| 10 | + |
| 11 | +### 🔗 **Ethereum Compatibility** |
| 12 | +- Full EVM bytecode execution via REVM |
| 13 | +- Support for all Ethereum hard forks (up to Shanghai) |
| 14 | +- Compatible with existing Ethereum tooling (Hardhat, Truffle, Foundry) |
| 15 | +- Standard precompiles (ecrecover, sha256, ripemd160, identity) |
| 16 | + |
| 17 | +### 🚀 **Catalyst Extensions** |
| 18 | +- **Cross-Runtime Calls**: Execute code in other runtimes (SVM, Native WASM) |
| 19 | +- **DFS Integration**: Store and retrieve files from distributed file system |
| 20 | +- **Confidential Transactions**: Privacy-preserving transactions with zero-knowledge proofs |
| 21 | +- **Dynamic Gas Pricing**: Network-aware fee calculation |
| 22 | +- **Advanced Debugging**: Comprehensive execution tracing |
| 23 | + |
| 24 | +### ⚡ **Performance** |
| 25 | +- Built on REVM for maximum performance |
| 26 | +- Optimized gas metering |
| 27 | +- Efficient state management |
| 28 | +- Concurrent execution support |
| 29 | + |
| 30 | +## Architecture |
| 31 | + |
| 32 | +``` |
| 33 | +┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐ |
| 34 | +│ Catalyst EVM Runtime │ |
| 35 | +├─────────────────────────────────────────┤ |
| 36 | +│ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │ |
| 37 | +│ │ REVM │ │ Catalyst │ │ |
| 38 | +│ │ Core │ │ Extensions │ │ |
| 39 | +│ │ │ │ │ │ |
| 40 | +│ │ • Opcodes │ │ • Cross-Runtime │ │ |
| 41 | +│ │ • Gas │ │ • DFS Ops │ │ |
| 42 | +│ │ • Storage │ │ • Confidential │ │ |
| 43 | +│ └─────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ │ |
| 44 | +├─────────────────────────────────────────┤ |
| 45 | +│ Catalyst Database │ |
| 46 | +└─────────────────────────────────────────┘ |
| 47 | +``` |
| 48 | + |
| 49 | +## Usage |
| 50 | + |
| 51 | +### Basic Setup |
| 52 | + |
| 53 | +```rust |
| 54 | +use catalyst_runtime_evm::{CatalystEvmRuntime, CatalystEvmConfig, CatalystFeatures}; |
| 55 | + |
| 56 | +// Configure the runtime |
| 57 | +let config = CatalystEvmConfig { |
| 58 | + evm_config: EvmConfig { |
| 59 | + chain_id: 31337, |
| 60 | + block_gas_limit: 30_000_000, |
| 61 | + base_fee: U256::from(1_000_000_000u64), |
| 62 | + enable_eip1559: true, |
| 63 | + enable_london: true, |
| 64 | + enable_berlin: true, |
| 65 | + max_code_size: 49152, |
| 66 | + view_gas_limit: 50_000_000, |
| 67 | + }, |
| 68 | + catalyst_features: CatalystFeatures { |
| 69 | + cross_runtime_enabled: true, |
| 70 | + confidential_tx_enabled: false, |
| 71 | + dfs_integration: true, |
| 72 | + catalyst_gas_model: true, |
| 73 | + }, |
| 74 | +}; |
| 75 | + |
| 76 | +// Create the runtime |
| 77 | +let database = CatalystDatabase::new(); |
| 78 | +let mut runtime = CatalystEvmRuntime::new(database, config); |
| 79 | +``` |
| 80 | + |
| 81 | +### Execute a Transaction |
| 82 | + |
| 83 | +```rust |
| 84 | +use catalyst_runtime_evm::{EvmTransaction, BlockEnv}; |
| 85 | + |
| 86 | +// Create a transaction |
| 87 | +let tx = EvmTransaction { |
| 88 | + from: Address::from_str("0x742d35Cc6527C3c7Bb91B6B4d0e71b46C7E3e8F4").unwrap(), |
| 89 | + to: Some(Address::from_str("0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Hac136c2Bb25F00c").unwrap()), |
| 90 | + value: U256::from(1_000_000_000_000_000_000u64), // 1 ETH |
| 91 | + data: vec![], |
| 92 | + gas_limit: 21000, |
| 93 | + gas_price: U256::from(20_000_000_000u64), // 20 gwei |
| 94 | + gas_priority_fee: Some(U256::from(1_000_000_000u64)), // 1 gwei tip |
| 95 | + nonce: 0, |
| 96 | + chain_id: 31337, |
| 97 | + access_list: None, |
| 98 | +}; |
| 99 | + |
| 100 | +// Set up block environment |
| 101 | +let block_env = BlockEnv { |
| 102 | + number: U256::from(1), |
| 103 | + coinbase: Address::zero(), |
| 104 | + timestamp: U256::from(1640995200), // 2022-01-01 |
| 105 | + gas_limit: U256::from(30_000_000), |
| 106 | + basefee: U256::from(1_000_000_000u64), |
| 107 | + difficulty: U256::zero(), |
| 108 | + prevrandao: Some(H256::random().into()), |
| 109 | +}; |
| 110 | + |
| 111 | +// Execute the transaction |
| 112 | +let result = runtime.execute_transaction(&tx, &block_env).await?; |
| 113 | + |
| 114 | +if result.success() { |
| 115 | + println!("Transaction executed successfully!"); |
| 116 | + println!("Gas used: {}", result.gas_used()); |
| 117 | + println!("Return data: {:?}", result.return_data()); |
| 118 | +} else { |
| 119 | + println!("Transaction failed"); |
| 120 | +} |
| 121 | +``` |
| 122 | + |
| 123 | +### Deploy a Contract |
| 124 | + |
| 125 | +```rust |
| 126 | +use catalyst_runtime_evm::ContractDeployer; |
| 127 | + |
| 128 | +let mut deployer = ContractDeployer::new(); |
| 129 | + |
| 130 | +// Deploy a simple contract |
| 131 | +let bytecode = hex::decode("608060405234801561001057600080fd5b50...")?; |
| 132 | +let constructor_args = vec![]; |
| 133 | + |
| 134 | +let contract_address = deployer.deploy_contract( |
| 135 | + deployer_address, |
| 136 | + bytecode, |
| 137 | + constructor_args, |
| 138 | + None, // Use CREATE instead of CREATE2 |
| 139 | +)?; |
| 140 | + |
| 141 | +println!("Contract deployed at: {:?}", contract_address); |
| 142 | +``` |
| 143 | + |
| 144 | +### Cross-Runtime Calls |
| 145 | + |
| 146 | +```rust |
| 147 | +// Call Solana runtime from EVM contract |
| 148 | +let cross_runtime_call = CrossRuntimeCall { |
| 149 | + target_runtime: RuntimeType::SVM, |
| 150 | + method: "transfer".to_string(), |
| 151 | + parameters: serde_json::to_vec(&transfer_params)?, |
| 152 | + gas_used: 0, // Will be calculated during execution |
| 153 | +}; |
| 154 | + |
| 155 | +// This would be triggered by a precompile call in your Solidity contract |
| 156 | +``` |
| 157 | + |
| 158 | +## Testing |
| 159 | + |
| 160 | +Run the test suite: |
| 161 | + |
| 162 | +```bash |
| 163 | +cargo test |
| 164 | +``` |
| 165 | + |
| 166 | +Run with logging: |
| 167 | + |
| 168 | +```bash |
| 169 | +RUST_LOG=debug cargo test -- --nocapture |
| 170 | +``` |
| 171 | + |
| 172 | +Benchmark performance: |
| 173 | + |
| 174 | +```bash |
| 175 | +cargo bench |
| 176 | +``` |
| 177 | + |
| 178 | +## Configuration Options |
| 179 | + |
| 180 | +### EVM Configuration |
| 181 | + |
| 182 | +| Option | Default | Description | |
| 183 | +|--------|---------|-------------| |
| 184 | +| `chain_id` | 31337 | Network chain identifier | |
| 185 | +| `block_gas_limit` | 30,000,000 | Maximum gas per block | |
| 186 | +| `base_fee` | 1 gwei | Base fee for EIP-1559 | |
| 187 | +| `max_code_size` | 48KB | Maximum contract size | |
| 188 | + |
| 189 | +### Catalyst Features |
| 190 | + |
| 191 | +| Feature | Default | Description | |
| 192 | +|---------|---------|-------------| |
| 193 | +| `cross_runtime_enabled` | false | Enable calls to other runtimes | |
| 194 | +| `confidential_tx_enabled` | false | Enable privacy features | |
| 195 | +| `dfs_integration` | false | Enable distributed file system | |
| 196 | +| `catalyst_gas_model` | false | Use Catalyst dynamic pricing | |
| 197 | + |
| 198 | +## Precompiles |
| 199 | + |
| 200 | +### Standard Ethereum Precompiles |
| 201 | +- `0x01`: ECRECOVER - Elliptic curve signature recovery |
| 202 | +- `0x02`: SHA256 - SHA-256 hash function |
| 203 | +- `0x03`: RIPEMD160 - RIPEMD-160 hash function |
| 204 | +- `0x04`: IDENTITY - Identity function (data copy) |
| 205 | + |
| 206 | +### Catalyst Extension Precompiles |
| 207 | +- `0x1000`: CROSS_RUNTIME_CALL - Call other runtime environments |
| 208 | +- `0x1001`: DFS_STORE - Store files in distributed file system |
| 209 | +- `0x1002`: DFS_RETRIEVE - Retrieve files from DFS |
| 210 | +- `0x1003`: COMMITMENT_VERIFY - Verify confidential transaction proofs |
| 211 | + |
| 212 | +## Integration with Catalyst Consensus |
| 213 | + |
| 214 | +The EVM runtime integrates seamlessly with Catalyst's collaborative consensus: |
| 215 | + |
| 216 | +1. **Transaction Collection**: Consensus producers collect pending transactions |
| 217 | +2. **Execution**: EVM runtime processes transactions in deterministic order |
| 218 | +3. **State Updates**: Results are committed to the global state |
| 219 | +4. **Verification**: Other producers verify execution results |
| 220 | +5. **Finalization**: Consensus finalizes the new state |
| 221 | + |
| 222 | +## Performance Characteristics |
| 223 | + |
| 224 | +- **Transaction Throughput**: 1000+ TPS (depending on complexity) |
| 225 | +- **Gas Costs**: Compatible with Ethereum mainnet pricing |
| 226 | +- **Memory Usage**: ~100MB base + state size |
| 227 | +- **Cold Start Time**: <100ms |
| 228 | +- **Cross-Runtime Call Overhead**: ~5000 gas |
| 229 | + |
| 230 | +## Development |
| 231 | + |
| 232 | +### Building |
| 233 | + |
| 234 | +```bash |
| 235 | +cargo build --release |
| 236 | +``` |
| 237 | + |
| 238 | +### Running Tests |
| 239 | + |
| 240 | +```bash |
| 241 | +# Unit tests |
| 242 | +cargo test |
| 243 | + |
| 244 | +# Integration tests |
| 245 | +cargo test --test integration |
| 246 | + |
| 247 | +# With coverage |
| 248 | +cargo tarpaulin --out Html |
| 249 | +``` |
| 250 | + |
| 251 | +### Contributing |
| 252 | + |
| 253 | +1. Fork the repository |
| 254 | +2. Create a feature branch |
| 255 | +3. Add tests for new functionality |
| 256 | +4. Ensure all tests pass |
| 257 | +5. Submit a pull request |
| 258 | + |
| 259 | +### Code Style |
| 260 | + |
| 261 | +This crate follows standard Rust conventions: |
| 262 | + |
| 263 | +```bash |
| 264 | +# Format code |
| 265 | +cargo fmt |
| 266 | + |
| 267 | +# Check for issues |
| 268 | +cargo clippy |
| 269 | + |
| 270 | +# Security audit |
| 271 | +cargo audit |
| 272 | +``` |
| 273 | + |
| 274 | +## Roadmap |
| 275 | + |
| 276 | +### Phase 1 (Current) |
| 277 | +- ✅ Basic EVM execution via REVM |
| 278 | +- ✅ Gas metering and fee calculation |
| 279 | +- ✅ Contract deployment support |
| 280 | +- ✅ Standard precompiles |
| 281 | + |
| 282 | +### Phase 2 |
| 283 | +- 🔄 Cross-runtime communication |
| 284 | +- 🔄 DFS integration |
| 285 | +- 🔄 Advanced debugging tools |
| 286 | +- 🔄 Performance optimizations |
| 287 | + |
| 288 | +### Phase 3 |
| 289 | +- ⏳ Confidential transactions |
| 290 | +- ⏳ Zero-knowledge proof integration |
| 291 | +- ⏳ Enterprise features |
| 292 | +- ⏳ Additional EVM improvements |
| 293 | + |
| 294 | +## Security Considerations |
| 295 | + |
| 296 | +- **Sandboxing**: Each execution is isolated |
| 297 | +- **Gas Limits**: Prevent infinite loops and DoS attacks |
| 298 | +- **Memory Safety**: Rust's memory safety prevents buffer overflows |
| 299 | +- **Deterministic Execution**: Consistent results across all nodes |
| 300 | +- **Access Controls**: Precompiles validate permissions |
| 301 | + |
| 302 | +## License |
| 303 | + |
| 304 | +This project is licensed under MIT OR Apache-2.0. |
| 305 | + |
| 306 | +## Links |
| 307 | + |
| 308 | +- [Catalyst Network](https://github.com/catalyst-network) |
| 309 | +- [REVM](https://github.com/bluealloy/revm) |
| 310 | +- [Ethereum Yellow Paper](https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf) |
| 311 | +- [EIP Specifications](https://eips.ethereum.org/) |
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