There are quite a number of -gdb.py files in the final output .zip files for each platform. These need to be removed. When the Arduino IDE installs the compiler and unzips the files, it chokes on these files for some reason (I don't think it's internal parsing like the leading dash?) - at least under Windows it chokes.
I tested this fix by removing all of the *.py files manually, re-zipping the compiler, uploading it to GH, and then having the Arduino IDE pull down the new zip file. It installs with no problems then.