C++: Add double-free query.

Author: MathiasVP

cpp/ql/src/Critical/DoubleFree.ql

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/**
+ * @name Potential double free
+ * @description An allocated memory block is free multiple times. Behavior in such cases is undefined and can cause memory corruption.
+ * @kind path-problem
+ * @precision medium
+ * @id cpp/double-free
+ * @problem.severity warning
+ * @security-severity 9.3
+ * @tags reliability
+ *       security
+ *       external/cwe/cwe-415
+ */
+
+import cpp
+import semmle.code.cpp.dataflow.new.DataFlow
+import FlowAfterFree
+import DoubleFree::PathGraph
+
+predicate isFree(DataFlow::Node n, Expr e) { isFree(n, e, _) }
+
+/**
+ * Holds if `fc` is a function call that is the result of expanding
+ * the `ExFreePool` macro.
+ */
+predicate isExFreePoolCall(FunctionCall fc) {
+  exists(MacroInvocation mi |
+    mi.getMacroName() = "ExFreePool" and
+    mi.getExpr() = fc
+  )
+  or
+  fc.getTarget().hasGlobalName("ExFreePool")
+}
+
+bindingset[dealloc1, e]
+predicate isExcludeFreePair(DeallocationExpr dealloc1, Expr e) {
+  exists(DeallocationExpr dealloc2 | isFree(_, e, dealloc2) |
+    dealloc1.(FunctionCall).getTarget().hasGlobalName("MmFreePagesFromMdl") and
+    // From https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/ddi/wdm/nf-wdm-mmfreepagesfrommdl:
+    // "After calling MmFreePagesFromMdl, the caller must also call ExFreePool
+    // to release the memory that was allocated for the MDL structure."
+    isExFreePoolCall(dealloc2)
+  )
+}
+
+module DoubleFree = FlowFromFree<isFree/2, isExcludeFreePair/2>;
+
+from DoubleFree::PathNode source, DoubleFree::PathNode sink, DeallocationExpr dealloc, Expr e2
+where
+  DoubleFree::flowPath(source, sink) and
+  isFree(source.getNode(), _, dealloc) and
+  isFree(sink.getNode(), e2)
+select sink.getNode(), source, sink,
+  "Memory pointed to by '" + e2.toString() + "' may already have been freed by $@.", dealloc,
+  dealloc.toString()