perf: remove execa

This removes `execa` and uses the much smaller, more modern `tinyexec`
instead.

Reasoning:

- `execa` 640KB vs `tinyexec` 26KB
- `execa` 23 packages vs `tinyexec` 1 package
- `tinyexec` is widely adopted by most of the modern CLIs today (tsdown,
  vite, vitest, storybook, etc.)

Part of #11854.

Author: 43081j

.changeset/thin-ghosts-shout.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"wrangler": patch
+---
+
+Migrate to `tinyexec` for process execution.

packages/create-cloudflare/package.json

@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@
 		"dotenv": "^16.0.0",
 		"esbuild": "catalog:default",
 		"eslint": "catalog:default",
-		"execa": "^7.1.1",
 		"exit-hook": "2.2.1",
 		"get-port": "^7.1.0",
 		"glob": "^10.3.3",

packages/wrangler/package.json

@@ -129,7 +129,6 @@
 		"dotenv-expand": "^12.0.2",
 		"eslint": "catalog:default",
 		"esprima": "4.0.1",
-		"execa": "^6.1.0",
 		"find-up": "^6.3.0",
 		"get-port": "^7.0.0",
 		"glob-to-regexp": "^0.4.1",
@@ -160,6 +159,7 @@
 		"source-map": "^0.6.1",
 		"supports-color": "^9.2.2",
 		"timeago.js": "^4.0.2",
+		"tinyexec": "^1.0.2",
 		"ts-dedent": "^2.2.0",
 		"ts-json-schema-generator": "^1.5.0",
 		"tsup": "8.3.0",

packages/wrangler/src/__tests__/init.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import * as fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
-import { execa } from "execa";
+import { x } from "tinyexec";
 import { http, HttpResponse } from "msw";
 import * as TOML from "smol-toml";
 import dedent from "ts-dedent";
@@ -72,23 +72,27 @@ describe("init", () => {
 				}
 			`);
 
-			expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+			expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
 				"mockpm",
 				["create", "cloudflare@^2.5.0"],
 				{
-					stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+					nodeOptions: {
+						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+					},
 				}
 			);
 		});
 
 		it("if `-y` is used, delegate to c3 with --wrangler-defaults", async () => {
 			await runWrangler("init -y");
 
-			expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+			expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
 				"mockpm",
 				["create", "cloudflare@^2.5.0", "--wrangler-defaults"],
 				{
-					stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+					nodeOptions: {
+						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+					},
 				}
 			);
 		});
@@ -124,23 +128,27 @@ describe("init", () => {
 					}
 				`);
 
-				expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+				expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
 					"mockpm",
 					["run", "create-cloudflare"],
 					{
-						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+						nodeOptions: {
+							stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+						},
 					}
 				);
 			});
 
 			it("if `-y` is used, delegate to c3 with --wrangler-defaults", async () => {
 				await runWrangler("init -y");
 
-				expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+				expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
 					"mockpm",
 					["run", "create-cloudflare", "--wrangler-defaults"],
 					{
-						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+						nodeOptions: {
+							stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+						},
 					}
 				);
 			});
@@ -155,14 +163,16 @@ describe("init", () => {
 			});
 			await runWrangler("init");
 
-			expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+			expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
 				"mockpm",
 				["create", "cloudflare@^2.5.0"],
 				{
-					env: {
-						CREATE_CLOUDFLARE_TELEMETRY_DISABLED: "1",
+					nodeOptions: {
+						env: {
+							CREATE_CLOUDFLARE_TELEMETRY_DISABLED: "1",
+						},
+						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
 					},
-					stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
 				}
 			);
 		});
@@ -805,8 +815,8 @@ describe("init", () => {
 				}
 			`);
 
-			expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-			expect(execa).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+			expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+			expect(x).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
 				"mockpm",
 				[
 					"create",
@@ -816,7 +826,9 @@ describe("init", () => {
 					"existing-memory-crystal",
 				],
 				{
-					stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+					nodeOptions: {
+						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+					},
 				}
 			);
 		});

packages/wrangler/src/__tests__/pages/deploy.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { mkdirSync, writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
 import { chdir } from "node:process";
 import { writeWranglerConfig } from "@cloudflare/workers-utils/test-helpers";
-import { execa } from "execa";
+import { x } from "tinyexec";
 import { http, HttpResponse } from "msw";
 import TOML from "smol-toml";
 import dedent from "ts-dedent";
@@ -1769,7 +1769,7 @@ describe("pages deploy", () => {
 	it("should not error when deploying a new project with a new repo", async () => {
 		vi.stubEnv("CI", "false");
 		setIsTTY(true);
-		await execa("git", ["init"]);
+		await x("git", ["init"]);
 		writeFileSync("logo.png", "foobar");
 		mockGetUploadTokenRequest(
 			"<<funfetti-auth-jwt>>",

packages/wrangler/src/__tests__/vitest.setup.ts

@@ -216,14 +216,14 @@ vi.mock("prompts", () => {
 	};
 });
 
-vi.mock("execa", async (importOriginal) => {
-	const realModule = await importOriginal<typeof import("execa")>();
+vi.mock("tinyexec", async (importOriginal) => {
+	const realModule = await importOriginal<typeof import("tinyexec")>();
 	return {
 		...realModule,
-		execa: vi.fn((...args: Parameters<typeof realModule.execa>) => {
+		x: vi.fn((...args: Parameters<typeof realModule.x>) => {
 			return args[0] === "mockpm"
 				? Promise.resolve()
-				: realModule.execa(...args);
+				: realModule.x(...args);
 		}),
 	};
 });

packages/wrangler/src/deployment-bundle/run-custom-build.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import path from "node:path";
 import { Writable } from "node:stream";
 import { configFileName, UserError } from "@cloudflare/workers-utils";
 import chalk from "chalk";
-import { execaCommand } from "execa";
+import { x } from "tinyexec";
 import { logger } from "../logger";
 import type { Config } from "@cloudflare/workers-utils";
 
@@ -14,11 +14,14 @@ export async function runCommand(
 ) {
 	logger.log(chalk.blue(prefix), "Running:", command);
 	try {
-		const res = execaCommand(command, {
-			shell: true,
-			cwd,
+		const res = x(command, [], {
+			nodeOptions: {
+				shell: true,
+				cwd,
+			},
+			throwOnError: true,
 		});
-		res.stdout?.pipe(
+		res.process?.stdout?.pipe(
 			new Writable({
 				write(chunk: Buffer, _, callback) {
 					const lines = chunk.toString().split("\n");
@@ -29,7 +32,7 @@ export async function runCommand(
 				},
 			})
 		);
-		res.stderr?.pipe(
+		res.process?.stderr?.pipe(
 			new Writable({
 				write(chunk: Buffer, _, callback) {
 					const lines = chunk.toString().split("\n");

packages/wrangler/src/init.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import {
 	getC3CommandFromEnv,
 	UserError,
 } from "@cloudflare/workers-utils";
-import { execa } from "execa";
+import { x, type NonZeroExitError } from "tinyexec";
 import { fetchResult } from "./cfetch";
 import { fetchWorkerDefinitionFromDash } from "./cfetch/internal";
 import { createCommand } from "./core/create-command";
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ import * as shellquote from "./utils/shell-quote";
 import { isWorkerNotFoundError } from "./utils/worker-not-found-error";
 import type { PackageManager } from "./package-manager";
 import type { ServiceMetadataRes } from "@cloudflare/workers-utils";
-import type { ExecaError } from "execa";
 import type { ReadableStream } from "node:stream/web";
 
 export const init = createCommand({
@@ -135,25 +134,28 @@ export const init = createCommand({
 			// if telemetry is disabled in wrangler, prevent c3 from sending metrics too
 			const metricsConfig = readMetricsConfig();
 			try {
-				const childProcess = execa(packageManager.type, c3Arguments, {
-					// Note: we need to pipe stdout and stderr otherwise execa won't include
-					//       those in the command's result/error, but we want it to so that we
-					//       can include those in the error Sentry receives
-					stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
-					...(metricsConfig.permission?.enabled === false && {
-						env: { CREATE_CLOUDFLARE_TELEMETRY_DISABLED: "1" },
-					}),
+				const childProcess = x(packageManager.type, c3Arguments, {
+					nodeOptions: {
+						// Note: we need to pipe stdout and stderr otherwise they won't be included
+						//       in the command's result/error, but we want it to so that we
+						//       can include those in the error Sentry receives
+						stdio: ["inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+						...(metricsConfig.permission?.enabled === false && {
+							env: { CREATE_CLOUDFLARE_TELEMETRY_DISABLED: "1" },
+						}),
+					},
+					throwOnError: true,
 				});
-				childProcess.stdout?.pipe(process.stdout);
-				childProcess.stderr?.pipe(process.stderr);
+				childProcess.process?.stdout?.pipe(process.stdout);
+				childProcess.process?.stderr?.pipe(process.stderr);
 				await childProcess;
 			} catch (e: unknown) {
-				const execaError = e as ExecaError;
-				throw new Error(execaError.shortMessage, {
-					// We include the execaError as the cause, in this way this
+				const procError = e as NonZeroExitError;
+				throw new Error(procError.message, {
+					// We include the process error as the cause, in this way this
 					// will be reflected in Sentry allowing us to better monitor
 					// C3 errors
-					cause: execaError,
+					cause: procError,
 				});
 			}
 		}

packages/wrangler/src/package-manager.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { env } from "node:process";
 import { UserError } from "@cloudflare/workers-utils";
-import { execaCommandSync } from "execa";
+import { x } from "tinyexec";
 import { logger } from "./logger";
 
 export interface PackageManager {
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ export const BunPackageManager: PackageManager = {
 
 async function supports(name: string): Promise<boolean> {
 	try {
-		execaCommandSync(`${name} --version`, { stdio: "ignore" });
+		await x(name, ['--version'], { nodeOptions: { stdio: "ignore" }, throwOnError: true });
 		return true;
 	} catch {
 		return false;