[DOCS] Add README

Author: vertexvaar

README.md

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+# co-stack/reversible - Reversible functions for PHP
+
+## What is a reversible function
+
+A reversible function is a function that can be executed forwards and backwards (reverted).
+They are side effect free (idempotent) and stateless.
+
+These functions are especially useful for transport encoding, persistence mapping, encryption and many other use cases.
+
+## Notice
+
+Some encodings are not fully idempotent, like `Base64Encoding`. The `base64_encode` function does not preserve data types (int, float, bool).
+Implementations of `Reversible` that may not be fully idempotent implement the `Lossy` interface.
+
+## Examples
+
+I have prepared some useful examples for you, which show the versatility of this package
+
+### Scalar value send over the air
+
+On System A:
+```php
+
+// System A
+$input = random_bytes(256);
+$encoding = new \CoStack\Reversible\Encoding\Base64Encoding();
+$output = $encoding->execute($input);
+
+// System B
+$encoding = new \CoStack\Reversible\Encoding\Base64Encoding();
+$restoredInput = $encoding->reverse($output);
+// $restoredInput is exactly $input what was generated on System A
+```
+
+### Associative array transportation via string without serialization
+
+```php
+ // Shared Library
+ function getPipe(): \CoStack\Reversible\ReversiblePipe {
+    $pipe = new \CoStack\Reversible\ReversiblePipe();
+    $pipe->enqueue(new \CoStack\Reversible\Mapping\ArrayKeyMapping(['key1', 'key2', 'payload']));
+    $pipe->enqueue(new \CoStack\Reversible\RecursiveReversible(new \CoStack\Reversible\Encoding\Base64Encoding()));
+    $pipe->enqueue(new \CoStack\Reversible\Transform\ImplodeTransform());
+    return $pipe;
+}
+ 
+// System A
+$array = [
+    'key1' => 1,
+    'key2' => 'value',
+    'payload' => uniqid(),
+];
+$pipe = getPipe();
+$safeEncodedObject = $pipe->execute($array);
+
+// The string will contain base64 encoded values, imploded with "|". There are no associative keys in the string because they have been replaced by the ArrayKeyMapping
+
+// System B
+$pipe = getPipe();
+$array = $pipe->reverse($safeEncodedObject);
+ ```
+Please notice that `ImplodeTransform` is lossy because `explode(',', implode(',', [2])) === ['2']` (an integer will become a string).
+
+### Object transportation via problematic medium (e.g. get parameter)
+
+```php
+// Shared Library
+function getPipe(): \CoStack\Reversible\ReversiblePipe {
+    $pipe = new \CoStack\Reversible\ReversiblePipe();
+    $pipe->enqueue(new \CoStack\Reversible\Encoding\SerializationEncoding());
+    $pipe->enqueue(new \CoStack\Reversible\Encoding\UrlEncode());
+    return $pipe;
+}
+
+// System A
+$object = new SplFileInfo('file.txt');
+$pipe = getPipe();
+$safeEncodedObject = $pipe->execute($object);
+
+// System B
+$pipe = getPipe();
+$object = $pipe->reverse($safeEncodedObject);
+```