feat(prime-checker): add Python is_prime function to lesson_04

Author: jmckellar252-png

lesson_04/jonee_prime.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import math
+
+
+def is_prime(number):
+    """
+    Determines if a given number is a prime number.
+
+    A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors
+    other than 1 and itself.
+
+    Args:
+        number (int): The integer to check.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if the number is prime, False otherwise.
+    """
+    if number <= 1:
+        return False  # Numbers less than or equal to 1 are not prime
+    if number == 2:
+        return True   # 2 is the only even prime number
+    if number % 2 == 0:
+        return False  # Other even numbers are not prime
+
+    # Check for divisors from 3 up to the square root of the number,
+    # incrementing by 2 to only check odd numbers.
+    for i in range(3, int(math.sqrt(number)) + 1, 2):
+        if number % i == 0:
+            return False  # Found a divisor, so it's not prime
+    return True  # No divisors found, it's prime
+
+# Example usage:
+# You can uncomment these lines and run the file to see the output
+# print(f"Is 7 prime? {is_prime(7)}")
+# print(f"Is 10 prime? {is_prime(10)}")
+# print(f"Is 2 prime? {is_prime(2)}")
+# print(f"Is 1 prime? {is_prime(1)}")
+# print(f"Is 13 prime? {is_prime(13)}")
+# print(f"Is 49 prime? {is_prime(49)}")