I just noticed that xeus-cpp can't be used when xeus-python modules are installed in the same wasm env (matplotlib, ipycanvas, numpy, pandas) with Jupyterlite.
Maybe it is related to previous bug, about shared libraries management.
Here is the error I get :
Could not load dynamic lib: /tmp/incr_module_2.wasm
Error: bad export type for 'PyExc_ValueError': undefined
Failed to execute via ::process:Failed to load incremental module
Error: Compilation error! Could not load dynamic lib: /tmp/incr_module_2.wasm
Error: bad export type for 'PyExc_ValueError': undefined
Failed to execute via ::process:Failed to load incremental module
See a Jupyterlite deployment with this bug here.