adds event emitter pattern

Author: nimonian

.vitepress/sidebars/java.js

@@ -90,7 +90,8 @@ export const java = [
           { text: 'Singleton pattern', link: '/java/singleton-pattern' },
           { text: 'Adapter pattern', link: '/java/adapter-pattern' },
           { text: 'Facade pattern', link: '/java/facade-pattern' },
-          { text: 'Mediator pattern', link: '/java/mediator-pattern' }
+          { text: 'Mediator pattern', link: '/java/mediator-pattern' },
+          { text: 'Event emitter', link: '/java/event-emitter' }
         ]
       }
     ]

src/java/event-emitter.md

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# Event emitter
+
+The event emitter pattern is one way of implementing an event driven program. It
+enables a list of listener functions to respond to certain events within the
+program, such as clicking a button.
+
+## Event emitter class
+
+We will create a class which implements two methods:
+
+- `.on(event, listener)` which adds the function `listener` to the list of
+  listeners
+
+- `.emit(event, value)` which loops through the listeners and executes each one,
+  passing `value` as an argument
+
+```java
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+class EventEmitter {
+    private Map<String, List<EventListener>> events;
+
+    public EventEmitter() {
+        this.events = new HashMap<>();
+    }
+
+    public void on(String event, EventListener listener) {
+        // Ensure the list of listeners exists for the event
+        this.events.computeIfAbsent(event, k -> new ArrayList<>());
+
+        // Add the listener to the list
+        this.events.get(event).add(listener);
+    }
+
+    public void emit(String event, Object value) {
+        // Get the list of listeners for the event, if it exists
+        List<EventListener> listeners = this.events.getOrDefault(event, new ArrayList<>());
+
+        // Call each listener with the provided value
+        for (EventListener listener : listeners) {
+            listener.handle(value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @FunctionalInterface
+    interface EventListener {
+        void handle(Object value);
+    }
+}
+
+```
+
+## Create a button
+
+We'll create a button to extend the `EventEmitter` class, meaning it gets the
+`.on()` and `.emit()` methods it needs to manage its listeners.
+
+```java
+class Button extends EventEmitter {
+    private int count;
+
+    public Button() {
+        this.count = 0;
+    }
+
+    public void click() {
+        this.count++;
+        // Emit the "click" event with the current count
+        this.emit("click", this.count);
+    }
+}
+
+```
+
+## Attach listeners
+
+Let's create some listener functions we want to execute whenever `'click'` is
+emitted by the button.
+
+```java
+public class Main {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Button btn = new Button();
+
+        // Attach listener to submit form
+        btn.on("click", value -> System.out.println("Form submitted."));
+
+        // Attach listener to show dialog with click count
+        btn.on("click", value -> {
+            int count = (int) value;
+            System.out.println("You clicked me " + count + " times!");
+        });
+
+        // Simulate button clicks
+        btn.click();
+        btn.click();
+        btn.click();
+    }
+}
+```
+
+The output would look like this:
+
+```console
+Form submitted.
+You clicked me 1 times!
+
+Form submitted.
+You clicked me 2 times!
+
+Form submitted.
+You clicked me 3 times!
+```