ESQL: Catch parsing exception (elastic#124958)

When an invalid popMode occurs (due to an invalid query), ANTLR throws
 an out-of-channel exception, bypassing the existing checks.
This PR extends the checks and properly reports the error back to the
 user

Fix elastic#119025

(cherry picked from commit dc15462)

# Conflicts:
#	x-pack/plugin/esql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/parser/EsqlParser.java
#	x-pack/plugin/esql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/parser/StatementParserTests.java

Author: costin

docs/changelog/124958.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+pr: 124958
+summary: Catch parsing exception
+area: ES|QL
+type: bug
+issues:
+ - 119025

x-pack/plugin/esql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/parser/EsqlParser.java

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.telemetry.PlanTelemetry;
 
 import java.util.BitSet;
+import java.util.EmptyStackException;
+import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.function.BiFunction;
 import java.util.function.Function;
 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
@@ -111,6 +113,9 @@ private <T> T invokeParser(
             return result.apply(new AstBuilder(new ExpressionBuilder.ParsingContext(params, metrics)), tree);
         } catch (StackOverflowError e) {
             throw new ParsingException("ESQL statement is too large, causing stack overflow when generating the parsing tree: [{}]", query);
+            // likely thrown by an invalid popMode (such as extra closing parenthesis)
+        } catch (EmptyStackException ese) {
+            throw new ParsingException("Invalid query [{}]", query);
         }
     }
 

x-pack/plugin/esql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/parser/StatementParserTests.java

@@ -2977,4 +2977,11 @@ public void testInvalidInsistAsterisk() {
         expectError("FROM text | EVAL x = 4 | INSIST_🐔 *", "INSIST doesn't support wildcards, found [*]");
         expectError("FROM text | EVAL x = 4 | INSIST_🐔 foo*", "INSIST doesn't support wildcards, found [foo*]");
     }
+
+    public void testUnclosedParenthesis() {
+        String[] queries = { "row a = )", "row ]", "from source | eval x = [1,2,3]]" };
+        for (String q : queries) {
+            expectError(q, "Invalid query");
+        }
+    }
 }