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‎reference/cstdlib.html

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<p class="text-right"><small>
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最終更新日時(UTC):
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<span itemprop="datePublished" content="2025-07-05T05:14:22">
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2025年07月05日 05時14分22秒
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<span itemprop="datePublished" content="2025-07-05T09:22:27">
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<td><code>getenv</code></td>
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<td><code><a href="cstdlib/getenv.html">getenv</a></code></td>
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<td>環境変数を取得する (function)</td>
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‎reference/cstdlib/getenv.html

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<div class="identifier-type">function</div><div class="header">&lt;cstdlib&gt;</div><h1 itemprop="name"><span class="namespace" title="namespace std">std::</span><span class="token">getenv</span></h1>
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<div itemprop="articleBody"><p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="nf">getenv</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">env_var</span> <span class="p">);</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</p>
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<h2>概要</h2>
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<p>ホスト環境(OS)が提供する環境リストから、Cストリング<code>env_var</code>と一致する文字列を検索、一致したもののポインタを返す</p>
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<h2>返り値</h2>
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<p>一致したものがあれば環境変数を保持した文字列、なければヌルポインタを返す</p>
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<h2>備考</h2>
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<p>C++11以前は、他の関数でホスト環境が変更されなければ、この関数はスレッドセーフである。(他のスレッドで呼び出された場合でも)</p>
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<p>C++11以降では、<code>getenv</code>が返す文字列を変更すると<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="未定義の動作。処理系は予期せぬ動作をする可能性がある。要するに動作保証対象外。undefined behavior (UB)。" href="../../implementation-compliance.html#dfn-undefined-behavior">未定義動作</a>となる。</p>
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<h2>例</h2>
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<p><div class="yata" id="9c8563f23c5139a9e7e243722957c9f7ce8c37f8"><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="cp">#include</span> <span class="cpf"><a href="../cstdlib.html">&lt;cstdlib&gt;</a></span><span class="cp"></span>
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<span class="cp">#include</span> <span class="cpf"><a href="../iostream.html">&lt;iostream&gt;</a></span><span class="cp"></span>
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<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">env_p</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">getenv</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"PATH"</span><span class="p">))</span>
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<span class="n"><a href="../iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">"Your PATH is: "</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">env_p</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="sc">'\n'</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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</div></p>
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<h2>出力結果</h2>
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<p><pre><code>Your PATH is: /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games
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</code></pre></p></div>
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