Chore: Conform src/autobahn to ruff's UP rules

Author: bblommers

.audit/bblommers_chore-apply-ruff-up.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+- [x] I did **not** use any AI-assistance tools to help create this pull request.
+- [ ] I **did** use AI-assistance tools to *help* create this pull request.
+- [x] I have read, understood and followed the projects' [AI Policy](https://github.com/crossbario/autobahn-python/blob/main/AI_POLICY.md) when creating code, documentation etc. for this pull request.
+
+Submitted by: @bblommers
+Date: 2026-01-09
+Related issue(s): #1841
+Branch: bblommers:chore-apply-ruff-up

src/autobahn/__main__.py

@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ def do_call(reactor, session, options):
         call_kwargs = {k: v for k, v in options.keyword}
 
     results = yield session.call(options.uri, *call_args, **call_kwargs)
-    print("result: {}".format(results))
+    print(f"result: {results}")
 
 
 @inlineCallbacks
@@ -260,11 +260,11 @@ def do_register(reactor, session, options):
 
     @inlineCallbacks
     def called(*args, **kw):
-        print("called: args={}, kwargs={}".format(args, kw), file=sys.stderr)
+        print(f"called: args={args}, kwargs={kw}", file=sys.stderr)
         env = copy(os.environ)
         env["WAMP_ARGS"] = " ".join(args)
         env["WAMP_ARGS_JSON"] = json.dumps(args)
-        env["WAMP_KWARGS"] = " ".join("{}={}".format(k, v) for k, v in kw.items())
+        env["WAMP_KWARGS"] = " ".join(f"{k}={v}" for k, v in kw.items())
         env["WAMP_KWARGS_JSON"] = json.dumps(kw)
 
         exe = os.path.abspath(options.command[0])
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ def processExited(self, reason):
         code = yield done
 
         if code != 0:
-            print("Failed with exit-code {}".format(code))
+            print(f"Failed with exit-code {code}")
         if countdown[0]:
             countdown[0] -= 1
             if countdown[0] <= 0:
@@ -350,12 +350,12 @@ def _real_main(reactor):
         exe = options.command[0]
         if not os.path.isabs(exe):
             print(
-                "Full path to the executable required. Found: {}".format(exe),
+                f"Full path to the executable required. Found: {exe}",
                 file=sys.stderr,
             )
             sys.exit(1)
         if not os.path.exists(exe):
-            print("Executable not found: {}".format(exe), file=sys.stderr)
+            print(f"Executable not found: {exe}", file=sys.stderr)
             sys.exit(1)
 
     subcommands = {
@@ -372,9 +372,7 @@ def _real_main(reactor):
     @inlineCallbacks
     def _(session, details):
         print(
-            "connected: authrole={} authmethod={}".format(
-                details.authrole, details.authmethod
-            ),
+            f"connected: authrole={details.authrole} authmethod={details.authmethod}",
             file=sys.stderr,
         )
         try:
@@ -388,10 +386,10 @@ def _(session, details):
 
     @component.on_connectfailure
     def _(comp, fail):
-        print("connect failure: {}".format(fail))
+        print(f"connect failure: {fail}")
         failures.append(fail)
         if options.max_failures > 0 and len(failures) > options.max_failures:
-            print("Too many failures ({}). Exiting".format(len(failures)))
+            print(f"Too many failures ({len(failures)}). Exiting")
             reactor.stop()
 
     yield component.start(reactor)

src/autobahn/_flatc/__init__.py

@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@
 import subprocess
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import List, Optional
 
 
 def get_flatc_path() -> Path:
@@ -79,7 +78,7 @@ def get_flatc_path() -> Path:
     return flatc_path
 
 
-def run_flatc(args: List[str], cwd: Optional[str] = None) -> int:
+def run_flatc(args: list[str], cwd: str | None = None) -> int:
     """
     Run the bundled flatc with the given arguments.
 

src/autobahn/asyncio/__init__.py

@@ -52,18 +52,9 @@
 if USES_NVX:
     import cffi
 
-    __ident__ = "Autobahn/{}-NVXCFFI/{}-asyncio-{}/{}".format(
-        autobahn.__version__,
-        cffi.__version__,
-        platform.python_implementation(),
-        platform.python_version(),
-    )
+    __ident__ = f"Autobahn/{autobahn.__version__}-NVXCFFI/{cffi.__version__}-asyncio-{platform.python_implementation()}/{platform.python_version()}"
 else:
-    __ident__ = "Autobahn/{}-asyncio-{}/{}".format(
-        autobahn.__version__,
-        platform.python_implementation(),
-        platform.python_version(),
-    )
+    __ident__ = f"Autobahn/{autobahn.__version__}-asyncio-{platform.python_implementation()}/{platform.python_version()}"
 
 """
 Identification string for the Autobahn|Python asyncio backend.

src/autobahn/asyncio/component.py

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ def _create_transport_factory(loop, transport, session_factory):
                 factory.setProtocolOptions(**{_camel_case_from_snake_case(k): v})
             except (TypeError, KeyError):
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "Unknown {} transport option: {}={}".format(transport.type, k, v)
+                    f"Unknown {transport.type} transport option: {k}={v}"
                 )
     return factory
 
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def _check_native_endpoint(self, endpoint):
         if isinstance(endpoint, dict):
             if "tls" in endpoint:
                 tls = endpoint["tls"]
-                if isinstance(tls, (dict, bool)):
+                if isinstance(tls, dict | bool):
                     pass
                 elif isinstance(tls, ssl.SSLContext):
                     pass
@@ -149,9 +149,7 @@ def _connect_transport(self, loop, transport, session_factory, done):
             timeout = transport.endpoint.get("timeout", 10)  # in seconds
             if type(timeout) != int:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "invalid type {} for timeout in client endpoint configuration".format(
-                        type(timeout)
-                    )
+                    f"invalid type {type(timeout)} for timeout in client endpoint configuration"
                 )
             # do we support HTTPS proxies?
 
@@ -167,33 +165,25 @@ def _connect_transport(self, loop, transport, session_factory, done):
             version = transport.endpoint.get("version", 4)
             if version not in [4, 6]:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "invalid IP version {} in client endpoint configuration".format(
-                        version
-                    )
+                    f"invalid IP version {version} in client endpoint configuration"
                 )
 
             host = transport.endpoint["host"]
             if type(host) != str:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "invalid type {} for host in client endpoint configuration".format(
-                        type(host)
-                    )
+                    f"invalid type {type(host)} for host in client endpoint configuration"
                 )
 
             port = transport.endpoint["port"]
             if type(port) != int:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "invalid type {} for port in client endpoint configuration".format(
-                        type(port)
-                    )
+                    f"invalid type {type(port)} for port in client endpoint configuration"
                 )
 
             timeout = transport.endpoint.get("timeout", 10)  # in seconds
             if type(timeout) != int:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "invalid type {} for timeout in client endpoint configuration".format(
-                        type(timeout)
-                    )
+                    f"invalid type {type(timeout)} for timeout in client endpoint configuration"
                 )
 
             tls = transport.endpoint.get("tls", None)
@@ -205,14 +195,12 @@ def _connect_transport(self, loop, transport, session_factory, done):
                     for k in tls.keys():
                         if k not in ["hostname", "trust_root"]:
                             raise ValueError(
-                                "Invalid key '{}' in 'tls' config".format(k)
+                                f"Invalid key '{k}' in 'tls' config"
                             )
                     hostname = tls.get("hostname", host)
                     if type(hostname) != str:
                         raise ValueError(
-                            "invalid type {} for hostname in TLS client endpoint configuration".format(
-                                hostname
-                            )
+                            f"invalid type {hostname} for hostname in TLS client endpoint configuration"
                         )
                     cert_fname = tls.get("trust_root", None)
 
@@ -234,9 +222,7 @@ def _connect_transport(self, loop, transport, session_factory, done):
 
                 else:
                     raise RuntimeError(
-                        'unknown type {} for "tls" configuration in transport'.format(
-                            type(tls)
-                        )
+                        f'unknown type {type(tls)} for "tls" configuration in transport'
                     )
 
             f = loop.create_connection(

src/autobahn/asyncio/rawsocket.py

@@ -61,11 +61,11 @@ class PrefixProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
     max_length = 16 * 1024 * 1024
     max_length_send = max_length
     log = txaio.make_logger()  # @UndefinedVariable
-    peer: Optional[str] = None
-    is_server: Optional[bool] = None
+    peer: str | None = None
+    is_server: bool | None = None
 
     @property
-    def transport_details(self) -> Optional[TransportDetails]:
+    def transport_details(self) -> TransportDetails | None:
         """
         Implements :func:`autobahn.wamp.interfaces.ITransport.transport_details`
         """
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ def data_received(self, data):
                 try:
                     self.process_handshake()
                 except HandshakeError as e:
-                    self.protocol_error("Handshake error : {err}".format(err=e))
+                    self.protocol_error(f"Handshake error : {e}")
                     return
                 self._handshake_done = True
                 self._on_handshake_complete()
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ def data_received(self, data):
 
 class HandshakeError(Exception):
     def __init__(self, msg, code=0):
-        Exception.__init__(self, msg if not code else msg + " : %s" % ERRMAP.get(code))
+        Exception.__init__(self, msg if not code else msg + f" : {ERRMAP.get(code)}")
 
 
 class RawSocketClientProtocol(RawSocketProtocol):
@@ -259,9 +259,7 @@ def process_handshake(self):
             raise HandshakeError("Server returned handshake error", err)
         if self.serializer_id != ser_id:
             raise HandshakeError(
-                "Server returned different serializer {0} then requested {1}".format(
-                    ser_id, self.serializer_id
-                )
+                f"Server returned different serializer {ser_id} then requested {self.serializer_id}"
             )
 
     @property
@@ -293,13 +291,13 @@ def send_response(lexp, ser_id):
         if not self.supports_serializer(ser_id):
             send_response(ERR_SERIALIZER_UNSUPPORTED, 0)
             raise HandshakeError(
-                "Serializer unsupported : {ser_id}".format(ser_id=ser_id)
+                f"Serializer unsupported : {ser_id}"
             )
         send_response(self._length_exp, ser_id)
 
 
 # this is transport independent part of WAMP protocol
-class WampRawSocketMixinGeneral(object):
+class WampRawSocketMixinGeneral:
     def _on_handshake_complete(self):
         self.log.debug("WampRawSocketProtocol: Handshake complete")
         # RawSocket connection established. Now let the user WAMP session factory
@@ -364,9 +362,7 @@ def send(self, msg):
             except Exception as e:
                 # all exceptions raised from above should be serialization errors ..
                 raise SerializationError(
-                    "WampRawSocketProtocol: unable to serialize WAMP application payload ({0})".format(
-                        e
-                    )
+                    f"WampRawSocketProtocol: unable to serialize WAMP application payload ({e})"
                 )
             else:
                 self.sendString(payload)
@@ -385,7 +381,7 @@ def isOpen(self):
 
 
 # this is asyncio dependent part of WAMP protocol
-class WampRawSocketMixinAsyncio(object):
+class WampRawSocketMixinAsyncio:
     """
     Base class for asyncio-based WAMP-over-RawSocket protocols.
     """
@@ -474,7 +470,7 @@ def serializer_id(self):
         return self._serializer.RAWSOCKET_SERIALIZER_ID
 
 
-class WampRawSocketFactory(object):
+class WampRawSocketFactory:
     """
     Adapter class for asyncio-based WebSocket client and server factories.def dataReceived(self, data):
     """

src/autobahn/asyncio/util.py

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 
 
 def transport_channel_id(
-    transport, is_server: bool, channel_id_type: Optional[str] = None
+    transport, is_server: bool, channel_id_type: str | None = None
 ) -> bytes:
     """
     Application-layer user authentication protocols are vulnerable to generic
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ def transport_channel_id(
 
     # ssl.CHANNEL_BINDING_TYPES
     if channel_id_type not in ["tls-unique"]:
-        raise Exception("invalid channel ID type {}".format(channel_id_type))
+        raise Exception(f"invalid channel ID type {channel_id_type}")
 
     ssl_obj = transport.get_extra_info("ssl_object")
     if ssl_obj is None:
@@ -96,24 +96,24 @@ def peer2str(transport: asyncio.transports.BaseTransport) -> str:
         peer = transport.get_extra_info("peername")
         if isinstance(peer, tuple):
             ip_ver = 4 if len(peer) == 2 else 6
-            return "tcp{2}:{0}:{1}".format(peer[0], peer[1], ip_ver)
+            return f"tcp{ip_ver}:{peer[0]}:{peer[1]}"
         elif isinstance(peer, str):
-            return "unix:{0}".format(peer)
+            return f"unix:{peer}"
         else:
-            return "?:{0}".format(peer)
+            return f"?:{peer}"
     except:
         pass
 
     try:
         proc: Popen = transport.get_extra_info("subprocess")
         # return 'process:{}'.format(transport.pid)
-        return "process:{}".format(proc.pid)
+        return f"process:{proc.pid}"
     except:
         pass
 
     try:
         pipe = transport.get_extra_info("pipe")
-        return "pipe:{}".format(pipe)
+        return f"pipe:{pipe}"
     except:
         pass
 

src/autobahn/asyncio/wamp.py

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ class ApplicationSessionFactory(protocol.ApplicationSessionFactory):
 
 
 @public
-class ApplicationRunner(object):
+class ApplicationRunner:
     """
     This class is a convenience tool mainly for development and quick hosting
     of WAMP application components.
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ def create():
                     session = make(cfg)
                 except Exception as e:
                     self.log.error(
-                        "ApplicationSession could not be instantiated: {}".format(e)
+                        f"ApplicationSession could not be instantiated: {e}"
                     )
                     loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
                     if loop.is_running():
@@ -249,9 +249,8 @@ def accept(response):
         else:
             if self.ssl and not isSecure:
                 raise RuntimeError(
-                    'ssl argument value passed to %s conflicts with the "ws:" '
+                    f'ssl argument value passed to {self.__class__.__name__} conflicts with the "ws:" '
                     'prefix of the url argument. Did you mean to use "wss:"?'
-                    % self.__class__.__name__
                 )
             ssl = self.ssl
 

src/autobahn/asyncio/websocket.py

@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ class WebSocketAdapterProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
 
     log = txaio.make_logger()
 
-    peer: Optional[str] = None
-    is_server: Optional[bool] = None
+    peer: str | None = None
+    is_server: bool | None = None
 
     def connection_made(self, transport):
         # asyncio networking framework entry point, called by asyncio
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ def startTLS(self):
         raise Exception("WSS over explicit proxies not implemented")
 
 
-class WebSocketAdapterFactory(object):
+class WebSocketAdapterFactory:
     """
     Adapter class for asyncio-based WebSocket client and server factories.
     """