Merge tag 'docs-6.14' of git://git.lwn.net/linux

Pull Documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:

 - Quite a bit of Chinese and Spanish translation work

 - Clarifying that Git commit IDs >12chars are OK

 - A new nvme-multipath document

 - A reorganization of the admin-guide top-level page to make it
   readable

 - Clarification of the role of Acked-by and maintainer discretion on
   their acceptance

 - Some reorganization of debugging-oriented docs

... and typo fixes, documentation updates, etc as usual

* tag 'docs-6.14' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (50 commits)
  Documentation: Fix x86_64 UEFI outdated references to elilo
  Documentation/sysctl: Add timer_migration to kernel.rst
  docs/mm: Physical memory: Remove zone_t
  docs: submitting-patches: clarify that signers may use their discretion on tags
  docs: submitting-patches: clarify difference between Acked-by and Reviewed-by
  docs: submitting-patches: clarify Acked-by and introduce "# Suffix"
  Documentation: bug-hunting.rst: remove odd contact information
  docs/zh_CN: Add sak index Chinese translation
  doc: module: DEFAULT_SYMBOL_NAMESPACE must be defined before #includes
  doc: module: Fix documented type of namespace
  Documentation/kernel-parameters: Fix a reference to vga-softcursor.rst
  docs/zh_CN: Add landlock index Chinese translation
  Documentation: Fix typo localmodonfig -> localmodconfig
  overlayfs.rst: Fix and improve grammar
  docs/zh_CN: Add siphash index Chinese translation
  docs/zh_CN: Add security IMA-templates Chinese translation
  docs/zh_CN: Add security digsig Chinese translation
  Align git commit ID abbreviation guidelines and checks
  docs: process: submitting-patches: split canonical patch format section
  docs/zh_CN: Add security lsm Chinese translation
  ...

Author: torvalds

Documentation/accounting/taskstats-struct.rst

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ should not change the relative position of each field within the struct.
 1) Common and basic accounting fields::
 
 	/* The version number of this struct. This field is always set to
-	 * TAKSTATS_VERSION, which is defined in <linux/taskstats.h>.
+	 * TASKSTATS_VERSION, which is defined in <linux/taskstats.h>.
 	 * Each time the struct is changed, the value should be incremented.
 	 */
 	__u16	version;

Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst

@@ -356,5 +356,5 @@ instructions at 'Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst'.
 
 Hints on understanding kernel bug reports are in
 'Documentation/admin-guide/bug-hunting.rst'. More on debugging the kernel
-with gdb is in 'Documentation/dev-tools/gdb-kernel-debugging.rst' and
-'Documentation/dev-tools/kgdb.rst'.
+with gdb is in 'Documentation/process/debugging/gdb-kernel-debugging.rst' and
+'Documentation/process/debugging/kgdb.rst'.

Documentation/admin-guide/blockdev/zram.rst

@@ -121,14 +121,14 @@ compression algorithm to use external pre-trained dictionary, pass full
 path to the `dict` along with other parameters::
 
 	#pass path to pre-trained zstd dictionary
-	echo "algo=zstd dict=/etc/dictioary" > /sys/block/zram0/algorithm_params
+	echo "algo=zstd dict=/etc/dictionary" > /sys/block/zram0/algorithm_params
 
 	#same, but using algorithm priority
-	echo "priority=1 dict=/etc/dictioary" > \
+	echo "priority=1 dict=/etc/dictionary" > \
 		/sys/block/zram0/algorithm_params
 
 	#pass path to pre-trained zstd dictionary and compression level
-	echo "algo=zstd level=8 dict=/etc/dictioary" > \
+	echo "algo=zstd level=8 dict=/etc/dictionary" > \
 		/sys/block/zram0/algorithm_params
 
 Parameters are algorithm specific: not all algorithms support pre-trained

Documentation/admin-guide/braille-console.rst

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ override the baud rate to 115200, etc.
 By default, the braille device will just show the last kernel message (console
 mode).  To review previous messages, press the Insert key to switch to the VT
 review mode.  In review mode, the arrow keys permit to browse in the VT content,
-:kbd:`PAGE-UP`/:kbd:`PAGE-DOWN` keys go at the top/bottom of the screen, and
-the :kbd:`HOME` key goes back
+`PAGE-UP`/`PAGE-DOWN` keys go at the top/bottom of the screen, and
+the `HOME` key goes back
 to the cursor, hence providing very basic screen reviewing facility.
 
 Sound feedback can be obtained by adding the ``braille_console.sound=1`` kernel

Documentation/admin-guide/bug-hunting.rst

@@ -368,12 +368,3 @@ processed by ``klogd``::
 	Aug 29 09:51:01 blizard kernel: Call Trace: [oops:_oops_ioctl+48/80] [_sys_ioctl+254/272] [_system_call+82/128]
 	Aug 29 09:51:01 blizard kernel: Code: c7 00 05 00 00 00 eb 08 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 89 ec 5d c3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-::
-
-  Dr. G.W. Wettstein           Oncology Research Div. Computing Facility
-  Roger Maris Cancer Center    INTERNET: [email protected]
-  820 4th St. N.
-  Fargo, ND  58122
-  Phone: 701-234-7556

Documentation/admin-guide/index.rst

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ added to the kernel over time.  There is, as yet, little overall order or
 organization here — this material was not written to be a single, coherent
 document!  With luck things will improve quickly over time.
 
+General guides to kernel administration
+---------------------------------------
+
 This initial section contains overall information, including the README
 file describing the kernel as a whole, documentation on kernel parameters,
 etc.
@@ -15,19 +18,44 @@ etc.
    :maxdepth: 1
 
    README
-   kernel-parameters
    devices
-   sysctl/index
 
-   abi
    features
 
-This section describes CPU vulnerabilities and their mitigations.
+A big part of the kernel's administrative interface is the /proc and sysfs
+virtual filesystems; these documents describe how to interact with tem
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
+   sysfs-rules
+   sysctl/index
+   cputopology
+   abi
+
+Security-related documentation:
 
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 1
 
    hw-vuln/index
+   LSM/index
+   perf-security
+
+Booting the kernel
+------------------
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
+   bootconfig
+   kernel-parameters
+   efi-stub
+   initrd
+
+
+Tracking down and identifying problems
+--------------------------------------
 
 Here is a set of documents aimed at users who are trying to track down
 problems and bugs in particular.
@@ -48,94 +76,120 @@ problems and bugs in particular.
    kdump/index
    perf/index
    pstore-blk
+   clearing-warn-once
+   kernel-per-CPU-kthreads
+   lockup-watchdogs
+   RAS/index
+   sysrq
 
-This is the beginning of a section with information of interest to
-application developers.  Documents covering various aspects of the kernel
-ABI will be found here.
+
+Core-kernel subsystems
+----------------------
+
+These documents describe core-kernel administration interfaces that are
+likely to be of interest on almost any system.
 
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 1
 
-   sysfs-rules
+   cgroup-v2
+   cgroup-v1/index
+   cpu-load
+   mm/index
+   module-signing
+   namespaces/index
+   numastat
+   pm/index
+   syscall-user-dispatch
 
-This is the beginning of a section with information of interest to
-application developers and system integrators doing analysis of the
-Linux kernel for safety critical applications. Documents supporting
-analysis of kernel interactions with applications, and key kernel
-subsystems expectations will be found here.
+Support for non-native binary formats.  Note that some of these
+documents are ... old ...
 
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 1
 
-   workload-tracing
+   binfmt-misc
+   java
+   mono
+
 
-The rest of this manual consists of various unordered guides on how to
-configure specific aspects of kernel behavior to your liking.
+Block-layer and filesystem administration
+-----------------------------------------
 
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 1
 
-   acpi/index
-   aoe/index
-   auxdisplay/index
    bcache
    binderfs
-   binfmt-misc
    blockdev/index
-   bootconfig
-   braille-console
-   btmrvl
-   cgroup-v1/index
-   cgroup-v2
    cifs/index
-   clearing-warn-once
-   cpu-load
-   cputopology
-   dell_rbu
    device-mapper/index
-   edid
-   efi-stub
    ext4
    filesystem-monitoring
    nfs/index
-   gpio/index
-   highuid
-   hw_random
-   initrd
    iostats
-   java
    jfs
-   kernel-per-CPU-kthreads
+   md
+   ufs
+   xfs
+
+Device-specific guides
+----------------------
+
+How to configure your hardware within your Linux system.
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
+   acpi/index
+   aoe/index
+   auxdisplay/index
+   braille-console
+   btmrvl
+   dell_rbu
+   edid
+   gpio/index
+   hw_random
    laptops/index
    lcd-panel-cgram
-   ldm
-   lockup-watchdogs
-   LSM/index
-   md
    media/index
-   mm/index
-   module-signing
-   mono
-   namespaces/index
-   numastat
+   nvme-multipath
    parport
-   perf-security
-   pm/index
    pnp
    rapidio
-   RAS/index
    rtc
    serial-console
    svga
-   syscall-user-dispatch
-   sysrq
    thermal/index
    thunderbolt
-   ufs
-   unicode
    vga-softcursor
    video-output
-   xfs
+
+Workload analysis
+-----------------
+
+This is the beginning of a section with information of interest to
+application developers and system integrators doing analysis of the
+Linux kernel for safety critical applications. Documents supporting
+analysis of kernel interactions with applications, and key kernel
+subsystems expectations will be found here.
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
+   workload-tracing
+
+Everything else
+---------------
+
+A few hard-to-categorize and generally obsolete documents.
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
+   highuid
+   ldm
+   unicode
 
 .. only::  subproject and html
 

Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt

@@ -7777,7 +7777,7 @@
 	vt.cur_default=	[VT] Default cursor shape.
 			Format: 0xCCBBAA, where AA, BB, and CC are the same as
 			the parameters of the <Esc>[?A;B;Cc escape sequence;
-			see VGA-softcursor.txt. Default: 2 = underline.
+			see vga-softcursor.rst. Default: 2 = underline.
 
 	vt.default_blu=	[VT]
 			Format: <blue0>,<blue1>,<blue2>,...,<blue15>

Documentation/admin-guide/nvme-multipath.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+====================
+Linux NVMe multipath
+====================
+
+This document describes NVMe multipath and its path selection policies supported
+by the Linux NVMe host driver.
+
+
+Introduction
+============
+
+The NVMe multipath feature in Linux integrates namespaces with the same
+identifier into a single block device. Using multipath enhances the reliability
+and stability of I/O access while improving bandwidth performance. When a user
+sends I/O to this merged block device, the multipath mechanism selects one of
+the underlying block devices (paths) according to the configured policy.
+Different policies result in different path selections.
+
+
+Policies
+========
+
+All policies follow the ANA (Asymmetric Namespace Access) mechanism, meaning
+that when an optimized path is available, it will be chosen over a non-optimized
+one. Current the NVMe multipath policies include numa(default), round-robin and
+queue-depth.
+
+To set the desired policy (e.g., round-robin), use one of the following methods:
+   1. echo -n "round-robin" > /sys/module/nvme_core/parameters/iopolicy
+   2. or add the "nvme_core.iopolicy=round-robin" to cmdline.
+
+
+NUMA
+----
+
+The NUMA policy selects the path closest to the NUMA node of the current CPU for
+I/O distribution. This policy maintains the nearest paths to each NUMA node
+based on network interface connections.
+
+When to use the NUMA policy:
+  1. Multi-core Systems: Optimizes memory access in multi-core and
+     multi-processor systems, especially under NUMA architecture.
+  2. High Affinity Workloads: Binds I/O processing to the CPU to reduce
+     communication and data transfer delays across nodes.
+
+
+Round-Robin
+-----------
+
+The round-robin policy distributes I/O requests evenly across all paths to
+enhance throughput and resource utilization. Each I/O operation is sent to the
+next path in sequence.
+
+When to use the round-robin policy:
+  1. Balanced Workloads: Effective for balanced and predictable workloads with
+     similar I/O size and type.
+  2. Homogeneous Path Performance: Utilizes all paths efficiently when
+     performance characteristics (e.g., latency, bandwidth) are similar.
+
+
+Queue-Depth
+-----------
+
+The queue-depth policy manages I/O requests based on the current queue depth
+of each path, selecting the path with the least number of in-flight I/Os.
+
+When to use the queue-depth policy:
+  1. High load with small I/Os: Effectively balances load across paths when
+     the load is high, and I/O operations consist of small, relatively
+     fixed-sized requests.

Documentation/admin-guide/quickly-build-trimmed-linux.rst

@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ can easily happen that your self-built kernel will lack modules for tasks you
 did not perform before utilizing this make target. That's because those tasks
 require kernel modules that are normally autoloaded when you perform that task
 for the first time; if you didn't perform that task at least once before using
-localmodonfig, the latter will thus assume these modules are superfluous and
+localmodconfig, the latter will thus assume these modules are superfluous and
 disable them.
 
 You can try to avoid this by performing typical tasks that often will autoload

Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/fs.rst

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ pre-allocation or re-sizing of any kernel data structures.
 dentry-negative
 ----------------------------
 
-Policy for negative dentries. Set to 1 to to always delete the dentry when a
+Policy for negative dentries. Set to 1 to always delete the dentry when a
 file is removed, and 0 to disable it. By default, this behavior is disabled.
 
 dentry-state