Migrate linux roadmap

Author: kamranahmedse

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/disks-filesystems/adding-disks.md renamed to src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/[email protected]

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 # Adding Disks
 
-In Linux, hard disks and portable drives are managed and controlled through a series of directories and files, commonly referred to as the Linux Filesystem. When you add new disks in Linux, you need to prepare them before they can be used.
-
-The process involves creating partitions on the disk, creating filesystem on the partitions, and then mounting the filesystems to directories in your system’s directory tree. This becomes important especially when working with multiple disk drives or large data storage units in order to create a seamless user experience.
+Adding disks in Linux involves partitioning, creating filesystems, and mounting. Use `lsblk` to list devices, `fdisk /dev/sdX` to create partitions, `mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX1` to create filesystems, and `mount /dev/sdX1 /mount/point` to mount. This process prepares new storage devices for seamless integration into the Linux filesystem hierarchy.
 
 The following are common commands to manage disks:
 

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/[email protected]

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+# Archiving and Compressing
+
+Linux archiving combines multiple files into single archives using `tar`, while compression reduces file sizes with `gzip` and `bzip2`. Use `tar cvf` to create archives, `tar xvf` to extract, and `tar cvzf` for gzip-compressed archives. These separate processes are often combined for efficient backup and distribution, with `tar.gz` and `tar.bz2` being common formats.
+
+Learn more from the following resources:
+
+- [@article@Linux File Packaging and Compression](https://labex.io/tutorials/linux-file-packaging-and-compression-385413)

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/working-with-files/archiving.md renamed to src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/[email protected]

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+# Authentication Logs
+
+Authentication logs record system login events, password changes, and sudo commands, located in `/var/log/auth.log` (Debian) or `/var/log/secure` (Red Hat/CentOS). Essential for monitoring server security, detecting brute force attacks and unauthorized access attempts. Use `tail /var/log/auth.log` to view recent entries. Regular analysis ensures server security and data integrity.

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/[email protected]

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+# Authentication Logs
+
+Authentication logs in Linux record all auth-related events like logins, password changes, and sudo commands. Located at `/var/log/auth.log` (Debian) or `/var/log/secure` (RHEL/CentOS), these logs help detect brute force attacks and unauthorized access attempts. Use `tail /var/log/auth.log` to view recent entries. Regular log analysis is essential for server security monitoring.
+
+Here is an example of how you can use the `tail` command to view the last few entries of the authentication log:
+
+```bash
+tail /var/log/auth.log
+```
+
+Get yourself familiar with reading and understanding auth logs, as it's one essential way to keep your server secure.

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/[email protected]

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# Evaluating Available Memory
+# Available Memory
 
-When running several applications in a Linux environment, constant tracking of system health is crucial for smooth operations. Evaluating available memory as part of a server review is a common practice for system administrators. This involves using various command-line tools provided by Linux, such as `free`, `vmstat`, and `top`. These can assist in monitoring memory usage and performance metrics, ensuring systems are not overloaded, and adequate resources are available for important applications.
+Evaluating available memory is crucial for Linux system health monitoring. Use command-line tools like `free`, `vmstat`, and `top` to track memory usage and performance metrics. The `free -h` command shows total, used, free, shared, buffer/cache, and available memory in human-readable format. Essential for maintaining optimal server performance and troubleshooting resource issues.
 
 The `free` command, for instance, gives a summary of the overall memory usage including total used and free memory, swap memory and buffer/cache memory. Here's an example:
 

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/server-review/available-mem.md renamed to src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/[email protected]

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+# Available Memory and Disk
+
+Linux provides tools like `free`, `vmstat`, and `top` to monitor system memory usage and performance. The `free -h` command shows total, used, free, shared, buffer/cache, and available memory in human-readable format. Regular memory monitoring helps maintain optimal server performance, prevent overload, and troubleshoot resource issues effectively.
+
+The `free` command, for instance, gives a summary of the overall memory usage including total used and free memory, swap memory and buffer/cache memory. Here's an example:
+
+```bash
+$ free -h
+              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
+Mem:           15Gi       10Gi       256Mi       690Mi       5.3Gi       4.2Gi
+Swap:         8.0Gi       1.3Gi       6.7Gi
+```
+
+In this output, the '-h' option is used to present the results in a human-readable format. Understanding the state of memory usage in your Linux server can help maintain optimal server performance and troubleshoot any potential issues.

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/[email protected]

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+# AWK
+
+AWK is a powerful text-processing language for Unix-like systems, named after its creators Aho, Weinberger, and Kernighan. It reads files line by line, identifies patterns, and executes actions on matches. Commonly used in bash scripts for sorting, filtering, and report generation. Example: `awk '{print $1,$2}' filename` prints first two fields of each line.
+
+Visit the following resources to learn more:
+
+- [@article@IBM.com: Awk by Example](https://developer.ibm.com/tutorials/l-awk1/)
+- [@article@Linux Handbook: Awk](https://linuxhandbook.com/awk-command-tutorial/)
+- [@video@YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9YOZmI-zWok)
+- [@feed@Explore top posts about Bash](https://app.daily.dev/tags/bash?ref=roadmapsh)
+- [@article@Linux awk Command: Text Processing](https://labex.io/tutorials/linux-linux-awk-command-text-processing-388493)

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/[email protected]

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+# Background and Foreground Processes
+
+Linux processes run in foreground (fg) taking direct user input or background (bg) running independently. Start background processes with `command &` or use `Ctrl+Z` then `bg` to pause and resume in background. Use `fg` to bring background processes to foreground. These job control commands enable managing multiple tasks from a single terminal efficiently.
+
+Here's how you can send a running process to background:
+
+```bash
+command &
+```
+
+Or if a process is already running:
+
+```bash
+CTRL + Z       # This will pause the process
+bg             # This resumes the paused process in the background
+```
+
+And to bring it back to the foreground:
+
+```bash
+fg
+``` 
+
+These commands, `bg` and `fg` are part of job control in Unix-like operating systems, which lets you manage multiple tasks simultaneously from a single terminal.