Use ad-hoc code for nested destructuring in require (microsoft#40188)

* Use ad-hoc code for nested destructuring in require

Nested destructuring doesn't really map to ES imports:

```js
const { utils: { nub, intercalate } } = require('./monopackage')
```

Previously, isRequireVariableDeclaration walked up binding elements
until it reached a variable declaration. This change instead only walks
up one binding element and stops. Then it's not bound as an alias and
uses the checker-only code to produce types for the nested-imported
identifiers.

Fixes microsoft#40143

* revert binder formatting change

Author: sandersn

src/compiler/utilities.ts

@@ -1939,7 +1939,9 @@ namespace ts {
     export function isRequireVariableDeclaration(node: Node, requireStringLiteralLikeArgument: true): node is RequireVariableDeclaration;
     export function isRequireVariableDeclaration(node: Node, requireStringLiteralLikeArgument: boolean): node is VariableDeclaration;
     export function isRequireVariableDeclaration(node: Node, requireStringLiteralLikeArgument: boolean): node is VariableDeclaration {
-        node = getRootDeclaration(node);
+        if (node.kind === SyntaxKind.BindingElement) {
+            node = node.parent.parent;
+        }
         return isVariableDeclaration(node) && !!node.initializer && isRequireCall(getLeftmostAccessExpression(node.initializer), requireStringLiteralLikeArgument);
     }
 

tests/baselines/reference/nestedDestructuringOfRequire.errors.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+tests/cases/conformance/salsa/main.js(5,1): error TS2304: Cannot find name 'chalk'.
+
+
+==== tests/cases/conformance/salsa/main.js (1 errors) ====
+    const {
+        chalk: { grey }
+    } = require('./mod1');
+    grey
+    chalk
+    ~~~~~
+!!! error TS2304: Cannot find name 'chalk'.
+    
+==== tests/cases/conformance/salsa/mod1.js (0 errors) ====
+    const chalk = {
+        grey: {}
+    };
+    module.exports.chalk = chalk
+    

tests/baselines/reference/nestedDestructuringOfRequire.js

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//// [tests/cases/conformance/salsa/nestedDestructuringOfRequire.ts] ////
+
+//// [mod1.js]
+const chalk = {
+    grey: {}
+};
+module.exports.chalk = chalk
+
+//// [main.js]
+const {
+    chalk: { grey }
+} = require('./mod1');
+grey
+chalk
+
+
+//// [mod1.js]
+var chalk = {
+    grey: {}
+};
+module.exports.chalk = chalk;
+//// [main.js]
+var grey = require('./mod1').chalk.grey;
+grey;
+chalk;
+
+
+//// [mod1.d.ts]
+export namespace chalk {
+    const grey: {};
+}
+//// [main.d.ts]
+export {};

tests/baselines/reference/nestedDestructuringOfRequire.symbols

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+=== tests/cases/conformance/salsa/main.js ===
+const {
+    chalk: { grey }
+>chalk : Symbol(chalk, Decl(mod1.js, 2, 2))
+>grey : Symbol(grey, Decl(main.js, 1, 12))
+
+} = require('./mod1');
+>require : Symbol(require)
+>'./mod1' : Symbol("tests/cases/conformance/salsa/mod1", Decl(mod1.js, 0, 0))
+
+grey
+>grey : Symbol(grey, Decl(main.js, 1, 12))
+
+chalk
+
+=== tests/cases/conformance/salsa/mod1.js ===
+const chalk = {
+>chalk : Symbol(chalk, Decl(mod1.js, 0, 5))
+
+    grey: {}
+>grey : Symbol(grey, Decl(mod1.js, 0, 15))
+
+};
+module.exports.chalk = chalk
+>module.exports.chalk : Symbol(chalk, Decl(mod1.js, 2, 2))
+>module.exports : Symbol(chalk, Decl(mod1.js, 2, 2))
+>module : Symbol(module, Decl(mod1.js, 2, 2))
+>exports : Symbol("tests/cases/conformance/salsa/mod1", Decl(mod1.js, 0, 0))
+>chalk : Symbol(chalk, Decl(mod1.js, 2, 2))
+>chalk : Symbol(chalk, Decl(mod1.js, 0, 5))
+

tests/baselines/reference/nestedDestructuringOfRequire.types

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+=== tests/cases/conformance/salsa/main.js ===
+const {
+    chalk: { grey }
+>chalk : any
+>grey : {}
+
+} = require('./mod1');
+>require('./mod1') : typeof import("tests/cases/conformance/salsa/mod1")
+>require : any
+>'./mod1' : "./mod1"
+
+grey
+>grey : {}
+
+chalk
+>chalk : any
+
+=== tests/cases/conformance/salsa/mod1.js ===
+const chalk = {
+>chalk : { grey: {}; }
+>{    grey: {}} : { grey: {}; }
+
+    grey: {}
+>grey : {}
+>{} : {}
+
+};
+module.exports.chalk = chalk
+>module.exports.chalk = chalk : { grey: {}; }
+>module.exports.chalk : { grey: {}; }
+>module.exports : typeof import("tests/cases/conformance/salsa/mod1")
+>module : { "\"tests/cases/conformance/salsa/mod1\"": typeof import("tests/cases/conformance/salsa/mod1"); }
+>exports : typeof import("tests/cases/conformance/salsa/mod1")
+>chalk : { grey: {}; }
+>chalk : { grey: {}; }
+

tests/cases/conformance/salsa/nestedDestructuringOfRequire.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// @allowJs: true
+// @checkJs: true
+// @outDir: out
+// @declaration: true
+
+// @filename: mod1.js
+const chalk = {
+    grey: {}
+};
+module.exports.chalk = chalk
+
+// @filename: main.js
+const {
+    chalk: { grey }
+} = require('./mod1');
+grey
+chalk