diff --git a/.changes/unreleased/Fixes-20250627-093325.yaml b/.changes/unreleased/Fixes-20250627-093325.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6c092d81747
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changes/unreleased/Fixes-20250627-093325.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+kind: Fixes
+body: Set `flags.INVOCATION_COMMAND` for programmatic invocations on a best-effort basis
+time: 2025-06-27T09:33:25.560217-06:00
+custom:
+    Author: dbeatty10
+    Issue: "10313"
diff --git a/core/dbt/cli/flags.py b/core/dbt/cli/flags.py
index 948c2ede3bb..f04e38cf3fc 100644
--- a/core/dbt/cli/flags.py
+++ b/core/dbt/cli/flags.py
@@ -261,8 +261,9 @@ def _assign_params(
             else:
                 project_flags = None
 
-        # Add entire invocation command to flags
-        object.__setattr__(self, "INVOCATION_COMMAND", "dbt " + " ".join(sys.argv[1:]))
+        # Add entire invocation command to flags on a best-effort basis (either from env var or from sys.argv)
+        invocation_command = os.getenv("DBT_EQUIVALENT_COMMAND", "dbt " + " ".join(sys.argv[1:]))
+        object.__setattr__(self, "INVOCATION_COMMAND", invocation_command)
 
         if project_flags:
             # Overwrite default assignments with project flags if available.
diff --git a/core/dbt/cli/main.py b/core/dbt/cli/main.py
index 5917aeb42f8..d2f2754e096 100644
--- a/core/dbt/cli/main.py
+++ b/core/dbt/cli/main.py
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import functools
+import os
+import shlex
 from copy import copy
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from typing import Callable, List, Optional, Union
@@ -37,6 +39,43 @@ class dbtRunnerResult:
     ] = None
 
 
+def get_equivalent_cli_flag(config_name: str, positive_config: bool = True) -> str:
+    """Convert a config name to its equivalent CLI flag"""
+    if positive_config:
+        return f"--{config_name.replace('_', '-')}"
+    else:
+        return f"--no-{config_name.replace('_', '-')}"
+
+
+def get_equivalent_cli_command(args: List[str], **kwargs) -> str:
+    """Convert args and kwargs to a CLI command string that can be used to invoke dbt on a best-effort basis"""
+
+    # Convert all values in `args` to strings
+    cli_args = [str(arg) for arg in args]
+
+    # Convert each keyword arg to its CLI flag equivalent
+    for key, value in kwargs.items():
+        if type(value) is bool:
+            # Add just the flag (without the value) for booleans
+            cli_args.append(get_equivalent_cli_flag(key, value))
+        elif type(value) in {list, tuple}:
+            # Add both the flag and its values for lists/tuples
+            cli_args.append(get_equivalent_cli_flag(key))
+            cli_args.extend(map(str, value))
+        else:
+            # Add both the flag and its value for other types
+            # This is a best-effort conversion, so we ignore exceptions
+            try:
+                cli_args.extend([get_equivalent_cli_flag(key), str(value)])
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+    # Ensure all CLI arguments are quoted as needed
+    cli_args = [shlex.quote(v) for v in cli_args]
+
+    return "dbt " + " ".join(cli_args)
+
+
 # Programmatic invocation
 class dbtRunner:
     def __init__(
@@ -64,6 +103,12 @@ def invoke(self, args: List[str], **kwargs) -> dbtRunnerResult:
                 # Hack to set parameter source to custom string
                 dbt_ctx.set_parameter_source(key, "kwargs")  # type: ignore
 
+            # Get equivalent CLI command from args
+            equivalent_command = get_equivalent_cli_command(args, **kwargs)
+
+            # Store the invocation command in an environment variable for access within `cli/flags.py`
+            os.environ["DBT_EQUIVALENT_COMMAND"] = equivalent_command
+
             result, success = cli.invoke(dbt_ctx)
             return dbtRunnerResult(
                 result=result,