shanbay.user.js

// ==UserScript==
// @name          Shanbay GRE 3000 helper
// @namespace     http://diveintogreasemonkey.org/download/
// @description   an script for Shanbay
// @include       https://www.shanbay.com/bdc/review/
// @exclude       http://diveintogreasemonkey.org/*
// @exclude       http://www.diveintogreasemonkey.org/*
// @require       https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/lodash/4.17.4/lodash.min.js
// ==/UserScript==

function Dict () {
  this.elements = {}

  // 获取元素个数
  this.size = function () {
    return _.size(this.elements)
  }

  // 判断是否为空
  this.isEmpty = function () {
    return _.isEmpty(this.elements)
  }

  // 删除所有元素
  this.clear = function () {
    this.elements = {}
  }

  // 增加元素（key, value)
  this.put = function (_key, _value) {
    this.elements[_key] = _value
  }

  // 删除指定KEY的元素，成功返回True，失败返回False
  this.remove = function (_key) {
    if (_.has(this.elements, _key)) {
      delete this.elements[_key]
      return true
    } else {
      return false
    }
  }

  // 获取指定KEY的元素值VALUE，失败返回NULL
  this.get = function (_key) {
    return _.get(this.elements, _key, null)
  }
}

function initialize_dict (dict) {
  gre_3k_json_str = '{"agonize":"（使）非常痛苦：deep sadness","alienate":"疏远，离间：make unfriendly; 转移，变卖（财产或权利）：convey or transfer","abandon":"放纵:constraint；放纵：unrestrainedly；放弃：withdraw；停止做某事：put an end to","abase":"降低（地位、职位、威望或尊严）：lower","abash":"使尴尬，使羞愧：self-confidence，embarrass","abate":"减轻（程度或者强度）：reduce，degree，intensity；减少（数量），降低（价值）：reduce，amount，value","abbreviate":"v.缩写，缩短：briefer","abdicate":"v.正式放弃（权力、责任）：throne","aberrant":"adj.异常的，非常规的：deviating","abet":"v.帮助，怂恿：assist or support；v.鼓励：encourage","abeyance":"n.终止，搁置：inactivity","abhor":"vt.深恶痛绝，极度厌恶：extreme repugnance","abiding":"永久的：enduring","abject":"adj.无精打采的：spiritless；adj.（地位、身份）悲惨、凄凉的：low state;adj.卑微的，讨好的：humble","abjure":"v.发誓放弃:rejecting,abandoning;v.抵制避免:resist","abnegate":"否认：deny，renounce；投降，放弃，交出（权力等）：surrender，relinquish","abominate":"憎恶：abhor","aboveboard":"无欺诈的，光明正大的：free from，deceit or duplicity","abrade":"磨损，精神上的折磨：wear away, by friction","abreast":"并排地：in line；熟知的：knowledge of recent developments","abridge":"缩短，缩小：shorten；在不改变本意的条件下删减词语，缩写：shorten","abrogate":"官方的正式废除：annul；无视（某事的）存在：nonexistent","abscond":"偷偷离开：depart secretly","absent":"未出现的，缺乏的：not present；不专心的，走神的：lost in thought","absolute":"专制的：unconstrained; 无限的unqualified; 完美的，纯净不惨杂的：free from imperfection, mixture; 不容置疑的，确凿的：unquestionable","absolve":"使无罪，解除责任：free from, guilt, exculpate","abstain":"自我克制，主动戒绝：refrain, by one’s own choice","abstemious":"（吃喝等）有节制的，节俭的：restraint, food or alcohol, sparing","abstract":"做总结，概括：abstract, summarize; 使分心：away, attention","abstruse":"难以理解的：recondite","absurd":"不合理的：unreasonable","abundant":"大量的： great plenty","abuse":"辱骂，抨击：condemn or vilify; 不正当的或不合理使用的：wrong or improper use; 过分过量使用的：use excessively","abut":"邻接，毗邻：adjacent","abysmal":"极低的，极可怜的：immeasurably low; （程度）很深的，极端的：immeasurably great","accede":"赞成：approval, consent; 就任，就职：come into an office","accelerate":"加速：faster; 使提前发生：earlier; 变大，变多：greater","accessible":"可以达到的：within easy reach; 可以理解的：understood; 能够获得的：get","accessory":"辅助的，附属的：secondary, supplementary, subordinate; 帮凶：one, wrongdoing","accidental":"意外发生的，偶然的：unexpectedly; 附带的，不重要的：not being a vital part","acclaim":"称赞：public acknowledgment or admiration；赞扬，赞颂：approval","acclimate":"使适应：to change (something) so as to make it suitable","accolade":"同意，赞赏：approval; 赞扬：praise","accommodate":"提供所需（例如服务、借贷、寄宿）：provide; 改变以适应新情况、新场景：make, suitable;使和谐：free of conflicts","accomplish":"实现，完成：compvarion","accord":"一致：consistency；相符合，相一致：in harmony；授予，给予：to grant or give","accost":"以挑衅的形式搭讪：challenging or aggressive way","accrete":"逐渐增长：grow, gradually","accumulate":"逐渐增长：increase gradually","acerbic":"（心情、心境或者语调）尖酸的：wit, cause hurt feelings","acknowledge":"承认：admit","acme":"顶点，极点：highest; 最佳典范：most perfect type","acquiesce":"勉强同意；默许：accept, tacitly or passively","acquire":"获取，获得：get as one\'s own","acquisitive":"贪婪的：desirous","acrid":"辛辣的，刺鼻的：harsh, taste, odor; 刻薄的：wit, cause hurt feelings","acrimonious":"刻薄的，充满仇恨的：deep-seated resentment","acumen":"不同寻常的洞察力和鉴别力：exceptional discernment and judgment","acute":"敏锐的：keen discernment; 严重的，急性的：immediate attention; （程度、影响）极强的：extreme","ad-lib":"即兴的：without previous thought or preparation","adamant":"固执的，不可动摇的：unshakable, unyielding, inflexible","adapt":"修改，使（适应）：modify","addict":"沉溺，上瘾：surrender, obsessively; 对某事上瘾的人：habitual liking","adhere":"依附，粘着：stick; 服从，遵守：according to the commands; 坚定地支持：steadfast support","adjourn":"延期，休会：suspend;","adjudicate":"裁决，判定：settle","adjunct":"附属物，非必需部分：not essentially a part","admonish":"建议：give advice; 责备：reprove gently","adore":"喜爱，因···感到愉悦：pleasure; 宠爱：tenderness","adulate":"极度谄媚：praise too much","adulterate":"掺杂，加入低等成分：impure, addition","adumbrate":"部分地或有保留地揭露：disclose; 预示着：give a slight indication","adventitious":"外来的，后天的，非内在的：not inherent or innate","adversary":"敌手，对手：resists, enemy","adversity":"厄运，逆境：difficulty","advert":"引起注意，提到：refer","advocate":"支持，提倡：support","affable":"和蔼的，温和的：ease, friendliness","affectation":"虚伪，做作：not natural, not genuinely felt","affinity":"喜欢，倾向：attraction","affirm":"声称...为真，肯定...属实：valid or confirmed","affix":"粘合：attach physically","affliction":"痛苦，悲伤，折磨：great suffering","affluent":"富裕的：sufficient","agape":"急切盼望的：eagerly awaiting","aggrandize":"增加、提高（力量、财富、地位、声誉）等：enhance","aggravate":"加重，恶化：worse, serious, severe","aggregate":"集合体：units or parts, associated; 集合，聚焦：collect or gather","aggressive":"好斗的：attack; 强有力的，强烈的：forcefulness","aggrieve":"使苦恼，使悲痛：pain, trouble, distress","agility":"（身手）敏捷：quickness, ease and grace","agitate":"煽动，激起：arouse; 使不安：trouble the mind, disturb","agog":"极度感兴趣的：urgent desire or interest","agreeable":"令人愉悦的：pleasing to the mind or senses；随和的：easygoing and pleasing manner；相一致：in harmony","airtight":"无瑕疵的：no, flaw; 密封的，不透气的：impermeable to air","alacrity":"反应迅速，乐意，欣然","alibi":"不在场的证明，托辞，借口：excuse","align":"使排成一行：line; 调准，校准：adjust","allay":"减轻：subdue, reduce, intensity or severity","allegiance":"忠诚：devotion or loyalty","alleviate":"缓和，减轻：relieve, lessen","alloy":"合金；混合物：combing of two or more different things；掺杂，降低...的纯度：debase by the addition","allude":"间接提到：indirectly","allure":"吸引：attract or delight; 诱惑做（某事）lead, pleasure or advantage","ally":"盟友，支持者：association; 加入联盟：enter","aloft":"在空中：in flight","aloof":"孤高的，不合群的：distant","altruism":"利他主义：unselfish","amalgamate":"合并，混合：combine, unified, unite","ambiguous":"有多种理解方式的，不确定的：more than one, doubt, uncertain","ambivalent":"（尤指感情、态度）矛盾的：opposing feelings","amble":"漫步，闲逛：walk slowly, leisurely, stroll","ambrosial":"（食物）特别美味的，香的：extremely pleasing","ameliorate":"改善，改进：become better, improve","amenable":"顺从的，服从的：yield, submit","amenity":"（环境、设备等的）舒适，人性化：comfort; 融洽，和谐：pleasant, agreeable","amiable":"好脾气，友好易相处的：friendly","amicable":"友善的：friendly, amiable","amity":"友好关系，亲善和睦：friendship, friendly","amorphous":"无固定形状的：definite, shapeless; 不可归类的：unclassifiable","anachronistic":"时代错误：chronologically misplaced","analgesic":"镇痛剂：medication, reduce, eliminates pain","analogous":"相似的，可比较的：in common","anarchist":"反抗权威的人：rebels against any authority","anathema":"诅咒：curse","ancillary":"次要的：secondary importance;辅助的，补充的：auxiliary, supplementary","anecdote":"短小有趣的故事：short narrative, interesting, amusing","anemic":"缺乏力量、活力、精神的：lacking force","anesthetic":"止痛剂：relieves pain; 无感觉的，麻木的：lacking awareness or sensitivity","animate":"活的：有活力的：life; 使有活力，支持：high-spirited energy; 使行动，驱使：action; 使活灵活现，使栩栩如生：lifelike movement","animus":"敌意：spiteful, malevolent, enmity","annex":"裙楼，副楼：auxiliary building；添加，合并：join；吞并，夺取（土地等）：incorporate","annotate":"给...作注解：commentary or explanatory notes","annoy":"不断烦扰：disturb, repeated","annul":"宣告无效，取消：legally invalid; 抵消：balance, ineffective","anomalous":"不普通的,不平常的：out, ordinary; 反常的，不正常的：departing","anonymous":"匿名的：not named, identified; 无特色的：lacking individuality","antagonize":"与...敌对，反对：opposition, counteract; 激怒：incur, provoke, hostility","antedate":"比...早，早于：earlier date","antediluvian":"非常古老的，过时的：extremely old, antiquated; 保守的人：old-fashioned","anterior":"前面的：before","antic":"滑稽可笑的：clownish","antipathy":"厌恶，反感：aversion, dislike；令人反感的事物：objection of aversion","antiquated":"古老的，过时的：out of style","antithetical":"完全对立的，相反的：direct and unequivocal opposition","apathy":"冷漠，缺乏情感：lack, feeling, emotion; 缺乏兴趣，不关心：lack, interest, concern","aphorism":"格言，警句：short witty","apocalyptic":"预言的，启示的：prophetic; 重要的，转折点的：major turning","apocryphal":"假的：doubtful authenticity, spurious","apoplectic":"极度愤怒的：extremely angry, furious","apostasy":"放弃宗教信仰：renunciation, faith; 变节，背叛：abandonment, previous loyalty","appall":"使惊恐：consternation","apparition":"鬼魂，幽灵：ghostly figure","appeal":"申请：application; 起诉：charge, crime, accuse","appealing":"吸引人的：attractive, inviting","applause":"鼓掌，认可：approval","applicable":"可用的，可行的：put to use；相关的，有光的：having to do with；合适的，恰当的：meeting the requirements","apposite":"相关的，合适的：pertinent, appropriate","appreciable":"可感知的，明显的：perceptible","apprehension":"忧虑，恐惧：suspicion, fear; 逮捕：arrestment; 理解：understand","apprehensive":"知晓的，理解的：impressed on the mind；恐惧的，害怕的：anxious, fearful","apprise":"通知，告知：inform","approbation":"同意：approval","appropriate":"私自挪用：take possession, without permission; 适当的：suitable, fitting","apropos":"相关的：relevant; 关于，有关：having to do with","apt":"恰当的，合适的：suitable, appropriate; 有倾向的，可能的：tendency, likely; 聪明的：intelligent, responsive","arable":"适合耕作的：growing of crops","arbitrary":"专横的，独断专行的：force one\'s will on others；独裁的，拥有无限权力的：without interference by others；缺乏计划的，随意的：lacking a definite plan","arcane":"（语言）晦涩的，隐晦的：veiled, uncertain；深奥的，难以理解的：difficult to understand","archaic":"过时的，久远的：no, current, antiquated","archetype":"典范，榜样：ideal; 先驱，鼻祖：earlier; 原型：copies","ardor":"狂热：strong enthusiasm, devotion, zeal","arduous":"难以做到的，费劲的：difficult","argot":"隐语，黑话，行话：specialized, particular","argument":"争吵，争论：expression of differing opinions；（逻辑上的）论证：from a premise to a conclusion；观点，论点：idea, opinion","arid":"干燥的：little or no precipitation；无趣的，无聊的：lack of interest","array":"排列，阵列：arrangement；排列，摆放：arrange or display；装饰，装修：dress or decorate","arrest":"使不活跃：inactive; 停止：stopping, standstill; 逮捕：keep; 吸引（某人）注意力：hold, attention","arresting":"吸引人的：attracting, striking","arrhythmic":"不规律的：lacking, regularity","arrogance":"傲慢，自大：overbearing pride","articulate":"清晰地表达：clearly, distinctly; 表达清晰的：able, express, clearly","ascendant":"有影响力的，主宰的：dominant, influence, superior; 上升的：upward, rising","ascetic":"苦行的，克己的，禁欲的：self-denial; 禁欲者：person, self-discipline","aseptic":"消毒的，无菌的：preventing infection; 缺乏活力的：lacking vitality; 冷漠的：lacking emotion","askew":"不成直线的（地），歪的（地）：awry","aspect":"外表，容貌：appearance","asperity":"（举止、性情）粗暴：roughness; （环境）艰苦：rigor, severity","aspersion":"诽谤，中伤：harm, reputation","aspirant":"有抱负者，有野心者：aspires; 想成为···的：seeking","assail":"抨击，严厉批评：criticize harshly；攻击，猛攻：violent action against","assent":"同意：agree","assert":"断言，肯定地说出：declare, forcefully, aggressively","assertive":"自信的：bold, assertion, self-assured","assess":"评估（重要性、尺寸、价值等）：determine; 征收费用（如罚款）：charge, penalty","assiduous":"勤勉的，专心仔细的：careful","assuage":"缓和，减轻：lessen, intensity; 平息，抚慰：pacify, calm; 使满足：satisfying","astounding":"令人吃惊的，出乎意料的：astonishment, amazement","astute":"机敏的，有洞察力的：shrewdness, perspicacity","asunder":"分离成多部分或多片地：separate parts, pieces; 分离地：apart","asylum":"收容所，保护所：refuge, protection","asymmetrical":"不平衡的，不对称的：no balance, symmetry","asymmetry":"不对称，不均衡：lack of balance","atone":"赎罪，弥补：amends","atrocious":"极坏的，极其残忍的：extremely wicked; 让人极为不满的：extremely unsatisfactory","atrophy":"萎缩，衰退：waste away","attenuate":"降低（数量、力量、价值）：lessen","attest":"证实，为...作证：give evidence","attune":"使协调，使和谐：into harmony","audacious":"大胆的，（但往往）愚勇的：fearlessly, recklessly; 蔑视（法律、礼节）的，无礼的：contemptuous of law; 乐于冒险的：take risks; 大胆创新的：verve","augur":"预言家：predicts; 出现好兆头：signs of, successful outcome; 预言：tell, beforehand","august":"威严的，严重的：formal and serious or reserved manner；盛大的，令人印象深刻的：large and impressive","auspicious":"好兆头的：toward a happy outcome","austere":"朴素的，朴实无华的：simple；严肃的，令人生畏的：stern and cold","authentic":"真实的，非仿造的：exactly; 准确的，相符的：original","authority":"（某领域的）权威人士：a high level of knowledge; 管辖权，控制：lawful control; 影响力：power to direct; （管束他人的）权力：right, control others; 根据，理由：warrant","autocracy":"独裁政府：government, unlimited power","automatic":"（机器等）自动的：independent of external influence；自发的，情不自禁的：spontaneously or unconsciously","autonomy":"政治上的独立：self-governing; 自我主导的自由，（尤其是）精神独立：independence","avarice":"贪财，贪婪：insatiable","aver":"声称为真：state, forcefully; （态度强硬而明确地）声明：state clearly","aversion":"非常讨厌，极厌恶：dislike; 令人厌恶的事物：someone that is hated","avid":"急切渴望的：enthusiasm; 贪婪（钱财）的：eager, for material possessions","avowal":"承认，公开宣称：declaration","awash":"被淹没的：by water; （如洪水般）泛滥的：filled, covered, overrun","awe":"敬畏：dread, veneration, wonder","awkward":"缺乏灵活性和技巧的：lacking dexterity; （处理问题）缺乏手段和智谋的：a lack of skill and tact; 臃肿笨拙的，不优雅的：lacking ease; 令人尴尬的：embarrassment; （因过大或过重设计问题）难以操作的：difficult to use","awning":"雨篷，遮阳篷：shelter","awry":"弯曲的，扭曲的：turned, twisted; 走样的（地），出差错的（地）：off, course","axiomatic":"公理的：axiom; 不言自明的：self-evident","babble":"发出含糊无意义的嘟囔声，胡乱说：utter, meaningless; 闲聊：rambling conversation","backfire":"产生相反的结果，事与愿违：reverse","backhanded":"间接的，含沙射影的，虚情假意的：indirect","backslide":"（情况等）倒退，故态复萌：revert to a worse condition","badger":"不断纠缠或骚扰：harass, persistently","badinage":"打趣，善意的玩笑：banter","baffle":"挫败，阻挠：frustrate or check；使疑惑：mental uncertainty","baffling":"令人疑惑的，难以理解的：hard to comprehend","bait":"逗弄，激怒：persecute, exasperate; 引诱：lead away; 诱饵：something, luring","bale":"痛苦，悲哀：sorrow","baleful":"有害的：harmful; 凶兆的，凶恶的：evil; 致命的：causing death","balk":"阻碍：check, obstacle; 不愿接受，拒绝：unwillingness","balky":"不服管束的，倔强的：refusing","ballad":"（由简单诗节和叠句组成的）民歌：poem","balloon":"迅速增加：increase","balm":"香油，止痛膏，安慰物：sweet-smelling oil, soothe; 香气：pleasant smell","banal":"非原创的，陈腐的：trite","bane":"祸根：ruin; 有害物质：kill or injure a living thing","banish":"驱逐出境：leave, country; 赶出：force out","banter":"幽默、打趣的（地）谈话：humored","barb":"尖锐而严厉的批评：critical","barbarous":"野蛮的，凶残的：mercilessly; 未开化的：uncivilized","barefaced":"公然的，厚颜无耻的：brazen","bargain":"协议：agreement; 讨价还价：negotiate","baroque":"装饰华丽的，过分雕琢的，复杂的：extravagance, complexity, flamboyance; （程度上）过分的：beyond, limit","barrage":"弹幕：curtain; 有压倒之势的、集中倾泻的（如言语）：overwhelming, outpouring; （同时）袭来：attack with, overwhelming outpouring","barren":"不育的：incapable, producing; 不产生结果的，无效的：no results; 贫瘠的：deficient; 极度匮乏的：lacking","barricade":"障碍物：obstruction, rampart; 用障碍物阻止通过：prevent access","barter":"以物换物：trade, without","bash":"猛击：forceful blow；攻击，用力击打：strike violently；抨击，严厉批评：criticize harshly","bask":"休息，悠然自得：lie or relax","batch":"一批次的量：unit; 一小群人：small number of persons","bathetic":"平凡的，陈腐的：commonplaceness","bawdy":"下流的，猥亵的：indecent","bedeck":"装饰，点缀：make more attractive","beholden":"欠他人人情的：owing gratitude","behoove":"对...有利：necessary, proper, advantageous","beige":"缺乏特征的：lacking distinction","belabor":"（当众）严厉批评：criticize; 就···作过度的说明，喋喋不休：explain, excessively","beleaguer":"包围，围攻：to surround; 使困扰，使烦恼，使消沉：trouble","belie":"错误的描述，误述：picture falsely; 证明···为假：false, wrong; 掩饰：shut off from view; 与···相对立，与···相矛盾：counter","belligerence":"好斗，好战：aggressive or truculent","belligerent":"好斗的，好战的：assertiveness, hostility, combativeness","bellwether":"领导者，带头人：lead","beneficent":"仁慈的，好慈善的：charity; （对个人或社会）有益的：contributing","benign":"好心的，仁慈的：kindness, gentleness; 无害的：not causing","berate":"（长时间）严厉指责：scold, vehemently, at length","beseech":"（急切地）恳求：beg","beset":"使苦恼，骚扰：cause persistent suffering；攻击，袭击：set upon","besmirch":"弄脏，弄污：make dirty; 诽谤，玷污：detract from the honor","bewitching":"迷人的，令人着迷的：attract","bifurcate":"（使）分成两支：two branches","bigot":"固执己见者，有偏见的人：obstinately devoted","blackmail":"敲诈，勒索：extortion of money","bland":"味道平淡的，不刺激的：soothing; 无趣的：dull; 温和的，和蔼的：not harsh","blandishment":"甜言蜜语，讨某人好话：coax, cajole","blast":"爆炸：explosion; 一阵猛烈的强风：gust; 巨响：loud, sound; 炸裂，爆破：cause to break open;斥责，抨击：criticize harshly","blasé":"（过度放纵之后）厌倦享乐的，腻厌的：apathetic","blatant":"大声喧哗的：noisy; （让人生厌地）惹人注目的：noticeable","blazon":"使知名：make known openly; 修饰，装扮：make more attractive","blemish":"缺点，污点：imperfection; 损害，玷污：reduce","blight":"（使）枯萎：affect; 损害：impair","bliss":"极度快乐：ecstasy; 极乐世界：place of perfect happiness","blithe":"愉快高兴的：happy lighthearted; 无忧无虑的，漫不经心的：freedom from worries","blueprint":"蓝图，详细计划：architects’ plans; 事先计划：work out, in advance","bluff":"直率的，（说话）直截了当的：direct, brief, potentially rude；欺骗：deceive","blunder":"过失：error, mistake; 在···方面犯了很愚蠢且通常很严重的错误，糟蹋：make a stupid, error; 蹒跚：unsteadily","blunt":"使变钝：less sharp; 减弱（力度等）：weaken in strength or feeling; 直率的：direct, brief","blur":"（使）变得朦胧，（使）变得不清楚：vague; 使不易理解：unclear to the understanding","blurt":"突然说出，冲动地说：abruptly","bluster":"狂妄自大地大声说：loudly arrogant; 大声吹嘘，恐吓：loudly; 喧闹的状态：noisy","boggle":"（因为怀疑、恐惧）犹豫：hesitate; 笨拙地做：unskillful way","bogus":"伪造的，假冒的：being such in appearance only；虚伪的，做作的：lacking,  spontaneous quality","boisterous":"喧嚷的，吵闹的：noisily","bolster":"支撑（物）：provide support；鼓励、使有精力：boost","bombast":"夸大的言辞：pompous","bonhomie":"温和，和蔼：geniality","boo":"嘘（以表示不满或嘲笑）：contempt, scorn, disapproval","boon":"恩惠，福利：benefit; 喜欢集体活动的：enjoy the company of others","boor":"粗鲁的人，不敏感的人：rude","bootless":"无用的：useless","bore":"令人讨厌的人或事物：causes boredom；使厌倦，使厌烦：make weary","bound":"界限：beyond which a person or thing cannot go; 给···设置界限：set limits; 投入的，坚定的：fully committed","boycott":"联合抵制，拒绝参与：concerted refusal","bracing":"令人振奋的，给人带来活力的：giving strength","brake":"刹车：less rapid","brandish":"（带有威胁性地）挥舞：shake menacingly","brash":"愚勇的，鲁莽的：foolishly adventurous; 缺乏判断力的，不明智的：poor judgment","brassy":"厚脸皮的，不知羞耻的：rude boldness; 华而不实地炫耀：showy","bravado":"假装勇敢：pretense; 虚张声势：swaggering","bravura":"优秀演技（的）：brilliant","brazen":"蛮横大胆的，厚颜无耻的：contemptuous boldness; 大胆自信地去面对或从事：bold self-assurance","breach":"（对伦理、法律准则的）破坏：breaking, moral or legal code; 违背：fail to keep","brevity":"简短，简洁：shortness; 精炼：few words","bribe":"贿赂，收买：give, money","bridle":"限制","brim":"边缘，边界：outer margin；充满：full often to overflowing；加满，倒满：as much as can be","brisk":"充满生机的，有活力的：activity; （言辞或方式）尖刻辛辣的，刻薄的：keen or sharp","bristle":"怒不可遏，咆哮：anger; 供应充足，充满：copiously","brittle":"易碎的，脆弱的，易坏的：broken; 不热心的，不真心的：lacking in friendliness","broach":"开启，启封：open; 提出讨论：present","bromide":"陈词滥调：hackneyed","brook":"忍受，容许：tolerate; 小溪流：creek","browbeat":"恐吓：intimidate","bruit":"（未经证实地）散播（消息）：make, the subject of common talk","buck":"阻止，反对：refuse assent; 转移，交接：shift possession","budge":"（使）改变立场或态度：alter a position; 停止抵抗，屈服：cease resistance","bulge":"凸起：protuberant; 比赛中的优势地位：more favorable condition; 暴涨，突增，在数目或数量上突然而且是临时性的增加：sudden, usually temporary increase; 充满：copiously supplied","bully":"欺凌弱小者：intimidating manner; 最好的，最棒的：best","bumble":"含糊不清地说，杂乱无章地说：rapidly, inarticulately；笨拙地行动：clumsily","bumptious":"专横傲慢的，自以为是的：superiority","bungle":"办遭，失败：work clumsily","buoy":"使充满勇气和力量，使振作：courage or strength","buoyant":"有浮力的：floating; 心情好的：good mood or disposition","burgeon":"迅速成长扩大，蓬勃发展：grow, rapidly, flourish","burlesque":"夸张滑稽地模仿以嘲弄他人的文学艺术作品，恶搞：make fun of","burnish":"擦亮，磨光：make smooth or glossy","bustle":"忙乱，喧嚣：noisy, energetic；（快速地）行走，奔忙：move briskly","buttress":"扶墙：supporting, wall building; 为···提供支撑的证据或者信息：provide evidence or information for","byzantine":"错综复杂的：complicated, secretive, interrelated","cache":"囤货，藏货：supply; 隐藏：hiding","cachet":"同意：approval; 声望：prestige","cachet*":"威望，声望：mark or quality","cacophony":"刺耳的声音：inharmonious sound","cadge":"乞讨，乞求：beg","cajole":"哄骗：wheedle","calamity":"大灾难：disastrous event","calcify":"使僵化：inflexible, unchangeable","calculated":"经过计算（成败得失）的，经过深思熟虑的：reckoning or estimating","calibrate":"调整，使标准化：standardize; （根据标准）精确测量：measure precisely","calibrate*":"校准，调校：check, adjust, determine","calligraphy":"（优美的）书法：elegant handwriting","callous":"无同情心的，冷漠的：unfeeling","callow":"不老练的，不成熟的：lacking, experience","calumniate":"诽谤，造谣，中伤：false statements","camaraderie":"友情：friendly","cameo":"栩栩如生的描绘，简洁生动的描述或刻画：brief, vivid portrayal; 客串：brief but dramatic appearance","camouflage":"伪装，伪装手段：deceive, hide","canard":"谣传，误传：misleading","candor":"坦率，直率，诚挚：honest, sincere","canny":"精明的，聪明的：careful and shrewed","canon":"准则，标准：standard, criterion; 真经，正典：authentic","canonize":"过分宠爱，过分崇拜：admire too much；使崇高，使神圣：high status or value","canvass":"仔细检查，详尽讨论：examine carefully or discuss thoroughly; 游说，去（一个地区）的各处或找到（个人）来拉选票或订单：solicits votes or orders","capitulate":"投降，默许：give all resistance","caprice":"一时冲动的决定：impulsive change; 反复无常，善变：change, impulsively","captious":"吹毛求疵的，爱挑毛病的：stress faults and raise objections","captivate":"吸引：attract","cardinal":"主要的，非常重要的：foremost importance, paramount","careen":"蹒跚而行。不稳定行走：to lurch or swerve；狂奔，快速运动：rush","carefree":"无忧无虑的：no worries or troubles","careworn":"忧心忡忡的，焦虑的：grief, anxiety","caricature":"用讽刺歪曲等手法的夸张，漫画，讽刺画：exaggeration; 嘲笑性模仿或夸张：copy, exaggerate","carnal":"肉体的，物质的：physical; 世俗的：worldly","carouse":"畅饮，狂欢作乐：drink, freely","carp":"对小事吹毛求疵，挑剔，表现不满：peevish criticism, objections, express dissatisfaction, tiresomely","carve":"雕刻：three-dimensional representation; （通过长期不懈努力）开创，开拓：produce or bring about","cascade":"（尤指小的）瀑布：small fall","cast":"演员，演员阵容：a set of characters; 选派（演员）：assign, actor; 提出：give off; 抛弃：get rid of","castigate":"强烈（公开）指责：criticize; 惩罚：penalty","catalyze":"成为···的导火索，导致：be the cause of","catastrophe":"大灾难：tragedy; 彻底的失败：utter failure","categorical":"没有例外的，无条件限制的，绝对的：without, qualification, absolute","catholic":"普遍的，包容的：not limited or specialized","caustic":"腐蚀性的：destroying, eating away; 挖苦讽刺的，刻薄的：incisive sarcasm","caveat":"警告，告诫：warning of a specific limitation","cavil":"挑剔，吹毛求疵：quibble","cavort":"欢快地蹦跳或行走，雀跃：sprightly","cede":"（根据条约）放弃，割让：surrender possession of","cellular":"多孔的：porous","cement":"粘合，粘合剂：uniting, binding","censor":"审查并删除不良的东西：examine, devare","censorious":"挑剔指责的：critical","censure":"公开表示反对，谴责：public, formal disapproval","census":"人口普查：survey, population","ceremonious":"讲究礼节的，庄重的：careful attention to set forms","certitude":"确定无疑：certain","cessation":"终止，暂停：stopping of a process","chaff":"开玩笑：make jokes","chagrin":"沮丧，懊恼：mind","chameleon":"变色龙，善变的人：changes or adopts opinions","champion":"支持：support","channel":"水渠：passageway for water；海峡：between two land masses；将...导入，投入：move to a central point","chaos":"混乱：disorder, confusion","chaperone":"同行，护送：go along with","charade":"装模作样：intended to deceive; 动作字谜：represented in pantomime","charisma":"魅力，吸引力：charm","charlatan":"骗子，装懂的人：fraudulent","chary":"非常谨慎的：cautious","chase":"镂雕（金属）以装饰：decorate; 驱赶：force out","chasm":"分歧，（意见、利益或忠诚上）明显差异：pronounced difference","chauvinistic":"盲目爱国的：excessive favoritism","check":"使突然停止，阻止：arrest, abruptly; 同意，一致：agreement","cherished":"受喜爱的，珍爱的：granted special treatment","cherubic":"天使般可爱的：rosy","chicanery":"诡计多端的，欺骗：deception","chide":"责备：scold mildly","chivalrous":"有骑士风度的，（尤指对女性）彬彬有礼的：gracious courtesy and high-minded consideration","choleric":"易怒的，暴躁的：angered; 生气的：anger, irate","chorale":"赞美诗：hymn or psalm；合唱班，合唱团：group of singers","chord":"与···和谐一致，符合：accord, agree","chromatic":"彩色的：colors","chronic":"经常发生的，复发的：frequent recurrence;习惯性的，不可能改变的：not likely, change","churl":"粗野的人：rude, boorish; 吝啬鬼：mean, stingy","cipher":"无影响或无价值的人：no importance, influence; 计算（价值）：determine, mathematical operations; 密码：conceal","circuitous":"迂回的，不直接的：not, forthright, direct; 冗长的：more, necessary","circumlocution":"绕圈子说话：unnecessarily, indirect, evasion; 冗长：too many","circumscribe":"限制：limit; 包围，围绕：surround","circumspect":"谨慎的，小心的：careful","circumvent":"躲避，不遵从：avoid, comply","civility":"彬彬有礼：courteous, politeness","claim":"要求（权利）：ask for, right; 断言：state as a fact; 剥夺生命：deprive, life; 权利：right","clamor":"喧闹；喧哗，噪声：loud, inharmonious","clan":"（有共同爱好的）团体，帮派：united by a common interest","clandestine":"隐藏的，秘密的：secret, illicit, improper","clarion":"清楚响亮的：loud, clear","clarity":"清晰，清楚：clear, lucidity; 清澈透明:easily seen through","clasp":"紧握：holding","cleave":"紧贴，坚持：adhere；分隔，割裂，劈开：divide","clement":"宽容的，善良的：tolerant, kind; 气候温和的：neither, high, low","cliché":"陈词滥调（的）：hackneyed","cling":"粘结，粘合：physical sticking；紧贴；坚持：adhere","clog":"阻碍物：something, movement, progress difficult; 阻碍：difficulty; 堵塞：prevent, through","clot":"密集的一群：a number of things, a unit; 堵塞：prevent, through, filling with something; 凝结：jelly","cloudburst":"突然的一场暴雨：sudden copious rainfall","clout":"权力，影响力：influence","cloying":"甜得发腻的，感情用事的：sweet, sentimental","clumsy":"笨拙的：lacking, nimbleness, lack, skill; 不文雅的：lacking, grace, inability, graceful; 不精致的：roughly","coagulate":"（使）凝结，（使）变稠：coherent, clot","coalesce":"合并，融合：whole, fuse","coarse":"粗糙的，表面不平整的：not smooth；（声音）刺耳的，粗声粗气的：rough in tone；粗俗的：lacking refinement；（质量）低劣的：inferior quality","coax":"哄骗：pleading, flattery, cajole","coda":"终曲：concluding passage","coerce":"（以武力）强制：force, threat","coeval":"同时代的，同龄的：equal age","cogent":"令人信服的：convincing; 相关的：pertinent","cognizant":"知道的，意识到的：aware","cohesive":"有粘性的；有凝聚力的：cohesion or coherence","collaborate":"合作：work jointly","collapse":"突然倒塌或收缩：fall, shrink; 完全耗尽体力：depvarion, energy, strength; 失败：unsuccessful","collude":"串通，共谋（做坏事）：together secretly, fraudulent, deceitful, conspire","colossal":"巨大的：size, degree, immense","coltish":"不守纪律的：not subjected, discipline; 爱开玩笑的：joking, teasing","coma":"昏迷，深度无知觉：profound unconsciousness; 迟钝，冷漠：sluggishness","combustible":"可燃的：igniting; 容易激动的：easily excited","comely":"漂亮的，吸引人的：pleasing, wholesome, attractive","comity":"友好，社会和谐：friendly, harmony","commencement":"开始：beginning; 毕业典礼：conferring","commend":"赞扬：approbation, praise; 委托保管：entrust; 推荐：recommend","commensurate":"同样大小的：equal; 相称的，相当的：proportionate","commingle":"充分混合：blend","commiserate":"表示怜悯，同情：sympathy","commitment":"致力，投入：obligated, impelled; 确信：belief; 承诺，表态：revealing one’s view","committed":"忠诚的，忠实的：loyal","commodious":"宽敞舒适的：spacious","commonsensical":"符合常识的，有依据的：common sense, sound","commotion":"骚乱：disturbance","compatible":"一致的，能共存的：in harmony","compelling":"极具说服力的：persuade；迫切的，紧迫的：immediate attention","compendium":"摘要：summary, abstract; 目录，各种各样的列表或集合：list, collection","complacency":"自满，无忧患意识：self-satisfaction, unawareness of trouble","complacent":"自满的，自鸣得意的：excessive or unjustified satisfaction；无所谓的，不关心的：lack of interest or concern","complaisance":"愿意顺从，讨好，彬彬有礼：comply, affability","complementary":"互补的：supplying each other\'s","compliant":"顺从的：submissive","complicate":"使复杂化：complex or difficult","compliment":"称赞，恭维：praise; 敬意，免费赠送的礼物：respectful","comply":"遵从：conform, submit","compose":"使镇定：calm; 组成，构成：form, constitute","compound":"混合物：something composed；混合的：consisting；混合：together；扩大，增多：greater；和解：agree","comprehend":"理解，了解：grasp；包括，包含：contain or hold within","compress":"压缩（体积）：reduce size, volume","compromise":"妥协：concessions；使危险：danger","compunction":"焦虑，内疚，良心不安：anxiety, guilt","concatenate":"连结，混合：bring together","concave":"凹的：curved","conceal":"隐藏，隐瞒：prevent disclosure","concede":"承认：grant；停止抵抗：cease resistance","concentrate":"集中：focus；浓缩：less dilute；聚集：together","concerted":"共同完成的：accomplished together","conciliate":"平息，抚慰：lessen the anger；调解：compatible, reconcile","concise":"简洁的：brevity","concord":"一致，和睦：harmony, agreement","concrete":"实体的，实在的：matter；事实性的，明确的：in fact","concur":"同意：agreement；同一时间发生、存在：same time；团结合作：joint","condemn":"谴责（...为不道德的、邪恶的）：declare to be reprehensible, wrong, or evil","condescending":"摆出高人一等的姿态的：patronizingly superior","condign":"应得的，恰当的：deserved","conditional":"有条件的，受制约的：dependent","condole":"表达同情：sympathetic","condone":"宽恕；忽视：forgive","conducive":"有益的，有促进作用的：promote","confident":"有信心的，自信的：assurance, self-reliance","confine":"禁闭，监禁：imprison；限制：limits","conflagration":"大火：large destructive fire；武装冲突：armed violent struggle","conflate":"混合：turn into a single mass","confluence":"汇合，混合：together same","conform":"使协调：bring into harmony；调整（以适应）：change to make it suitable；遵照，遵从：obedient, compliant","confound":"使困惑：uncertainty；无法区分，混淆：fail to differentiate；证明为假，证伪：false","confront":"直接对抗，直面：face to face","congeal":"凝固，固化：solid state","congenial":"和善的，友好的：agreement；令人愉悦的：giving pleasure","congruent":"和谐一致的：in agreement；全等的：coinciding","conjecture":"揣测的结果：conclusion by surmise；猜测，估计（大小、数量等）：decide without actual measurement；（没有依据地）认为：form an opinion","conjure":"请求，恳求：entreat earnestly；在脑海中浮现，想起：form a mental picture","connive":"暗中合作，共谋：cooperate secretly；纵容：假装忽视或并未采取措施阻止错误：pretend ignorance ought to oppose","connoisseur":"鉴赏家（尤指艺术领域）：with discrimination, appreciation；专家：high level of knowledge","conscientious":"仔细的，一丝不苟的：involving great care；有良心的，正直的：governed by conscience","consensus":"一致同意：general agreement","consent":"同意：approval","consequence":"结果：produced by cause；重要性，价值：importance","conservative":"守旧的，不愿改变的：oppose change；不招摇的，低调的：not showy；谨慎小心的：close attentiveness","conservatory":"温室：greenhouse；艺术学院：school arts","conserve":"保存，避免浪费：keep avoid wasteful","considerable":"（数量上）可观（而值得注意）的：large；值得考虑的，重要的：significant","consign":"转交，转移（给他人）：control of another","console":"安慰，慰藉：alleviate, comfort","consolidate":"使联合，统一：join together；加固，使安全：make firm","consonant":"和谐一致的：in agreement","conspicuous":"显而易见的；吸引人的：obvious","conspire":"合谋，密谋：plan secretly","consternation":"惊愕，恐慌，恐惧：paralyzing dismay","constitute":"指派，任命：appoint；构成：make up","constrain":"限制：restriction；使人屈服于（压力、感情）等：give in to pressure","constrict":"压缩，压紧：binding or squeezing","constringe":"使紧缩：draw together","construct":"建造，建立：form；创造，相出：create imagination","consummate":"专业的，有造诣的：extremely skilled；无纰漏的，完美的：perfect；最高档次的，最大规模的：highest degree","contagious":"传染的：communicate；（情绪等）唤起共鸣的：exciting a similar feeling","contaminate":"污染，感染：stain","contemplate":"沉思，仔细考虑：consider","contempt":"蔑视，鄙视：unworthy of one\'s concern or respect","contend":"竞争，争夺：strive or vie in contest；声明，声称：state as a fact","content":"使满足：appease；主题：major subject of interest；内容，内涵：idea that is conveyed","contentious":"引起争论的：argumentative；好争论的，好战的：tendency quarrels","contiguous":"接壤的，相邻的：sharing an edge","contort":"扭曲：twist","contract":"契约，合同：binding agreement；收缩：reduce size；感染疾病：become affected","contradict":"否认，反驳；与...相矛盾：contrary","contravene":"违反，反对：violate, oppose","contrite":"（因为有罪孽或过错而感到）后悔悲痛的：showing remorse","contrived":"不自然的，刻意的：lacking spontaneous quality","contumacious":"不服从的，倔强的：disobedient","conundrum":"无法解决的问题，迷：insoluble, dilemma","convalesce":"渐渐康复，渐愈：recover gradually","convene":"召开，召集：bring together in assembly；聚集，集合：come together","convenience":"便利，方便：fitness suitability","convention":"常规，习俗：agreement, acceptance；公约，协议：agreement；大会，集会：coming together","converge":"汇集，交汇于一点：move toward one","conversant":"熟悉的：familiar","convert":"被改变宗教信仰的人：converted；使改变信仰：bring over from brief；改变，转化：alter","convex":"凸起的：curves outward","convey":"运输：transport；传递，交流：communicate","conviction":"深信，确信：being convinced；证明有罪：proved guilty","convoke":"召集开会：bring together","convoluted":"复杂的，费解的：complicated","convulsion":"痉挛（强烈的、无法控制的肌肉收缩）：involuntary contraction；骚乱：disturbance","coop":"监禁，困于…之中：confine","copious":"丰富的，大量的：abundant","coquette":"调情的女子：flirt；调情，不认真对待：playfully","cordon":"警戒线：line preventing；围成一道防线：form cordon","cornucopia":"大量：overflowing","coronation":"加冕，加冕礼：crowning","corporeal":"肉体的：not spiritual；有形的，实体的：not immaterial","correlate":"使...相关联：mutual or reciprocal relation","corroborate":"用证据或权威证实：support with evidence；为…提供证据，支持：provide evidence","corrosive":"腐蚀性的：destroy slowly；讽刺性的：sarcastic；","corrugated":"褶皱的：folds","cosmopolitan":"有世界性眼光的，包容的：worldwide","cosset":"宠爱：pamper","countenance":"容忍：put up with；赞成，推崇：favorable opinion；沉着，冷静：evenness","counterfeit":"仿制的，假冒的：imitation；仿制：fraudulent replica；伪装成：false appearance","countermand":"取消，撤销：revoke","counterpart":"（地位、功能）对等的人或物：same function or characteristics","counterproductive":"反效果的，阻碍预期目标的：not producing desired goal","court":"追求，献殷勤：seek affections","courteous":"礼貌的，谦恭有礼的：polished manners","covert":"隐蔽的，秘密的：not shown；隐秘庇护所：avoid others","covetous":"贪婪的，渴求财富的：inordinate desire","cow":"恐吓，威胁：frighten","cowardice":"懦弱，不坚定：lack courage","cower":"畏缩：cringe","coy":"故作羞涩的：flirtatiously shy or modest；不愿与人交往的，内向的：tending to avoid people","cozen":"诱骗：mislead","cramped":"狭小的，狭窄的：small","crass":"粗俗的，愚钝的：unrefined","crave":"热望：intense desire","craven":"非常懦弱的，因胆小而遭人鄙视的：lacking courage","crease":"折痕：folding","credence":"坚信：firm brief","credible":"可信，值得信赖的：worthy of being accepted","credit":"信任，信赖：mental conviction of the truth；表扬，赞扬：acknowledgment or admiration","credulous":"轻信的，易受骗的：gullible","creek":"小溪，小河：smaller","creep":"缓慢地行进：slowly；匍匐前进：body close to the ground","crescendo":"（声音）渐强：gradual increase；（渐强之后到达的）顶峰：peak","crest":"顶部，浪尖，山顶","crestfallen":"垂头丧气的，沮丧的：depressed","cronyism":"任人唯亲的，对好朋友的偏袒：favoritism friends","crook":"使弯曲：away from a straight line","croon":"低声歌唱或说话：murmuring","crouch":"蹲伏：lower stance","crow":"感到高兴：joy or triumph；自鸣得意：pride in one\'s own possessions","crucial":"非常重要的，决定性的：extremely significant","crumple":"弄皱：bend；（因外力挤压而）垮塌：fall down","crutch":"支撑，支柱：supports","crux":"中点，关键点：critical point","cryptic":"秘密的：secret；含义模糊的：ambiguous meaning；超出理解能力的：beyond one’s powers to know","culpable":"该受谴责的，有罪的：deserving blame","cultivate":"提升，加强：improve；种植，培养：promote growth","cumbersome":"笨重的，难处理的：difficult to handle","cunning":"狡猾的：artful deceptiveness；（手工）灵巧的：skillful；欺诈，欺骗：practice of misleading","curmudgeon":"脾气坏的、爱抱怨的人：irritable and complaining","cursory":"匆忙的，不注意细节的：excessive or careless speed","curt":"言词简略的，直接（以至显得粗鲁）的：direct, brief, and potentially rude；言简意赅的：convey much information","curtail":"缩短，削减：less in extent or duration","cynic":"愤世嫉俗者：selfishness","dabble":"涉猎，对…浅尝辄止：superficially","daft":"神经错乱的：abnormal, sick state of mind；不明智的：lack of good sense or judgment","dais":"主席台，嘉宾席：raised platform","dally":"虚度时光：doing nothing；玩乐：amusement；慢吞吞，磨磨蹭蹭：slowly","damn":"（在道德上）谴责：morally wrong or evil；非常地，极其地：great degree","dampen":"（特指稍稍地）弄湿：wet；抑制，压抑（感情、精力等），泼冷水：diminish the feeling, activity or vigor","damper":"抑制因素：restrains, depresses","dandy":"纨绔子弟，爱打扮的人：appearance；最佳的，最好的：very best kind","dank":"阴湿的：wet","dapper":"衣冠整洁的：strikingly neat and trim","dappled":"有斑点的，花的：marked with small spots, mottled, spotted；色彩斑斓的：two or more colors","daredevil":"大胆鲁莽的（人）：foolishly；不考虑后果的：a lack of concern for the consequence","dart":"突然移动，猛冲，狂奔：suddenly；公开侮辱：intended to hurt another’s feelings","dashing":"爱好冒险的，大胆的：take risks","dated":"过时的：passed its time of use","daunt":"使胆怯，吓到：to lessen the courage","dawdle":"闲荡，虚度光阴：spend time idly；拖拖拉拉：slowly","deadlock":"僵局：a state of inaction or neutralization；使陷入僵局，使停顿：to a deadlock","deadpan":"无趣的，无生气的，不活泼的：impassively","dearth":"供应不足：inadequate","debacle":"溃败：compvare failure","debark":"（使）下船（飞机、车等）；卸（客、货）：unload, from a ship or an airplane","debase":"贬低，贬损：lower standing","debilitate":"使衰弱：impair strength","debonair":"无忧无虑，不在乎的：freedom from worries or troubles；风度翩翩的：polished and worldly manners","debris":"废墟：discarded, useless material","debunk":"揭穿…的真面目：true nature；证明…为假：false","debut":"初次登台，出道：first appearance","decadence":"衰落，颓废：deterioration, decline","decadent":"堕落的，腐败的：lowered moral character；放纵的人：devoted to luxury and sensual pleasures；道德上堕落的人：moral decay","decant":"轻轻倒出：pour off without disturbing","decipher":"破译：interpret；对…有清晰的想法，理解，解读：clear idea","decode":"解码：change into ordinary language；对…有清晰的想法，理解，解读：clear idea","decorum":"礼仪，得体：appropriateness, propriety","decrepit":"虚弱的，衰老的，破旧的：weakened","decry":"强烈反对，否定：strong disapproval","default":"不履行义务，玩忽职守：nonperformance","defer":"推迟，延期：postpone；遵从：respect","deference":"尊崇，顺从：yield to","deficiency":"缺乏，不足：inadequate","defile":"（山间）小道：a narrow passage；亵渎：treat with great disrespect；使腐坏，污损：make unfit for use","deflect":"使偏斜，使转向：turn aside from a straight course","defray":"支付：undertake the payment","deft":"灵巧的，熟练的：skill","defuse":"抚慰，减轻：make less tense","defy":"反抗，违抗：go against","dehydrate":"去除水分，使干燥：remove water；使失去活力：deprive of vitality","deify":"把…当作神来崇拜：offer honor or respect to；过分喜爱：love or admire；尊敬，尊崇：high status or value to","deign":"（不情愿地）屈尊，俯就：condescend reluctantly","deject":"使沮丧：lower the spirits, dishearten","delegate":"代理人，代表：representative for another；移交（权力，任务等）：possession or safekeeping of another","deliberate":"深思熟虑的：careful","delicacy":"（外貌、结构等）精致，极度兴奋，发狂：fineness","delineate":"勾勒，用线条描绘：by drawn or painted lines；描写，描绘：describe，portray","delirium":"精神错乱；极度兴奋，发狂：mental disturbance confused","deluge":"大暴雨：drenching rain；大量：great flow","delusion":"错觉，妄想：false","delve":"探究，钻研：detailed search for information","demagogue":"蛊惑民心的政客：leader false claims","demanding":"难以取悦的，难满足的：satisfied；费时间花心思的：requiring careful attention","demolition":"破坏，毁坏：destroying","demonstrate":"（通过证据）证明，表明：make clear using examples；使明白易懂：make plain or understandable；表现，表露：make known","demoralize":"使士气低落：dishearten；贬低，使堕落：lower in character","demote":"降职，降级：a lower grade","demotic":"通俗的，大众化的：common","demur":"表示异议，反对：opposition, objection；犹豫：doubt acceptability qualm","denigrate":"诋毁，污蔑：scornfully","denouement":"（小说的）结局：final resolution","denounce":"公开指责：public or formal disapproval；宣称…道德上错误、可耻：morally wrong","dent":"凹陷，凹痕：depression；（数量，程度上）削弱：make smaller","denude":"脱去，使赤裸：bare","dependable":"可靠的，值得信赖的：depended on","deplorable":"可鄙的，可耻的：condemnation or reproach；悲惨的，可悲的：cause great distress","deplore":"哀悼：sorrow","deploy":"（有目的地）展开；调度，部署：spread out","deportation":"放逐：removal from a country","depose":"宣誓作证：testify；废黜，罢免：remove from a throne；摆放：arrange","deposit":"自然积累，沉积，矿藏：accumulation；存钱：put in account","depravity":"道德败坏：immoral, harmful or offensive","deprecate":"不喜欢：unfavorable opinion；贬低，轻视：express scornfully；降低…的重要性，使低调：play down","depreciate":"贬低…的价值：lower value；轻视：lower estimation, esteem","depressed":"不开心的，情绪不高的，消沉的：unhappiness；生活境况悲催的：healthful environment","deprivation":"匮乏：privation","depvare":"耗尽，使衰竭：make compvare use","deracinate":"根除：pull out","derelict":"玩忽职守的，不认真的：lacking duty, carelessly；被社会遗弃的人：social misfit","deride":"嘲弄，嘲笑：contemptuous mirth","derivative":"非原创的：originality","descend":"下降：downward；世代相传：pass by inheritance","descendant":"后代：deriving directly from","desecrate":"亵渎，玷污：treat shamefully","desiccate":"使（食物）脱水以保存，使干燥：drying；使缺乏活力：deprive vitality","designate":"任命：to pick for a specific position or duty；命名：give a name to","desperate":"绝望的：no hope","despicable":"令人鄙视的：loathing and disgust；不荣耀的，不得体的：not honor","despise":"极其不喜欢的：dislike strongly","despotic":"专制的，暴虐的：tyrannical","desultory":"无计划的，无目的的：lacking plan；令人失望的：disappointing","detach":"使分离：separate","detain":"拘留，扣留：hold, keep","deter":"吓住，威慑：prevent, discourage","deterioration":"恶化，堕落：sinking","detour":"偏离正常标准：away from standard；改变方向或者路线，绕道：change direction","detract":"贬低，降低价值：diminish；使分心：draw attention","detritus":"废品，碎屑，遗骸：product disintegration, destruction, debris","devarerious":"有害的：harmful","devoted":"投入的，忠诚的：loyalty, devotion；示爱的，恩爱的：love","devout":"（对于宗教）虔诚的：devoted to religion；忠诚的：allegiance","dexterous":"动作灵活的：ready, skilled；头脑灵活的：mentally adroit, skillful","diabolic":"恶魔一般的：devil","diaphanous":"模糊的；非实在的：vague insubstantial；（质地精致得）几乎透明的：transparent, translucent","diatribe":"长篇抨击性演讲：long scolding；挖苦，讽刺的指责：ironic, satirical","dichotomy":"一分为二，分割：division into two","dictate":"指令，命令：command；（仗着地位，权力）下令：request","didactic":"喜欢说教的：teach","diehard":"顽固的，保守的／顽固的人，保守的人：determined, devoted/opposes change, refuses new ideas","diffident":"不自信的：lack self-confidence；内向的：reserved","diffuse":"啰嗦的：verbose；不集中的，扩散的：not concentrated；扩展，散开：extend, scatter","digress":"脱离主题：turn aside main subject","dike":"堤坝，水坝：control or confine water；水沟，水渠：long narrow channel","dilapidate":"（使）荒废：ruin","dilate":"（使）膨胀，扩大：enlarge, expand, wide；详细表达：more fully greater detail","dilatory":"拖延的，磨蹭的：cause delay procrastination","diligent":"勤勉的，辛勤的：steady, earnest, energetic","dilute":"稀释／经稀释的：concentrated/low strength, concentration；削弱：diminish strength, flavor, brilliance","diminish":"（使）变小，（使）减少：smaller, less；轻视，贬低：lessen, belittle","din":"喧闹声，嘈杂声：loud noise；重复，使人厌烦地反复灌输：again","dingy":"昏暗的；肮脏的：darkened, dirty","diocesan":"主教管辖区的：diocese","diplomatic":"使用策略的，机智的：tact","dire":"不吉利的，不详的：calamity；可怕的，恐怖的：fear；迫切的：immediate, urgent；悲惨的：lacking cheer","dirge":"挽歌：solemn, mournful music","disabuse":"打消错误念头，纠正：free from error, fallacy, misconception","disaffected":"不满的，叛逆的：discontented","disarm":"解除武装：reduce armed forces；使息怒，平息，抚慰：lessen；使无害：harmless","disarray":"混乱，无秩序：lack order；使混乱：undo order, arrangement","disavow":"拒绝承认，否认：disclaim","discern":"识别，辨别差异：perceive, detect","discharge":"解雇：dismiss；释放：free；不承担责任：freeing obligation, responsibility","disciple":"信徒，追随者：follower","discombobulate":"使不安，使混乱：upset, confuse","discomfit":"使尴尬：embarrassment；阻碍：prevent","discommode":"打扰，使不便：trouble","discompose":"使不安：disturb composure, perturb；使混乱：undo order, arrangement","disconcert":"使不安：disturb","discord":"意见不一致，不和谐：lack agreement, harmony","discredit":"羞耻，使丧失名誉：damage reputation, disgrace；怀疑，不相信：not true, real","discreet":"（言行）谨慎的：good judgment and restraint；不易察觉的：not readily seen or noticed","discrepancy":"（在事实和宣称之间的）差异或矛盾：divergence, disagreement","discrete":"离散的，不连续的：separate","discretion":"谨慎：discreet, circumspection；自制，节制：checking","discretionary":"自主决定的：one’s own discretion","discriminate":"区分：perceive distinguishing, recognize；歧视：difference","discursive":"（谈话内容）杂乱的：without order","disdain":"轻视，鄙视：scorn","disenchant":"使清醒：free from illusion","disengage":"分开，使脱离：set free, entanglement","disgorge":"呕吐出：discharge, vomit；被迫放弃：give up","disgruntle":"使发怒，使不满意：discontented；使疏远，使不友好unfriendly","disguise":"伪装（防止被认出）：prevent recognition；隐藏，掩饰：secret shut off","dishearten":"使沮丧，使失去信心：lose spirit or morale","disinclination":"不喜欢，厌恶，不情愿：lack willingness, desire","disinfect":"消毒，使无菌：free from infection","disinter":"（从墓地里）掘出：take out","disinterested":"公正的，无偏见的：free from selfish, unbiased；没有兴趣的：lack interest, concern","disjointed":"机能失调的：out orderly function；不连贯的：not connected","disjunctive":"分离的：breaks disunity","disjunctive*":"分离的：breaks or disunity","dismantle":"分解，分拆：pieces, destroy integrity","dismay":"使失去勇气：lose courage；使不安，使焦虑：trouble, uneasy","disparage":"贬低；轻蔑地说：lower, disrespectful","disparate":"迥然不同的：distinct, different dissimilar","dispassionate":"客观公正的，不易被情绪或偏见影响的：unaffected","dispatch":"迅速：promptness；发送，派遣：one place to another；使死亡：deprive life；获胜，胜过…：victory","dispose":"使倾向于：tendency incline；处理掉（与of连用，dispose of）：get rid of, throw out；有序地布置：orderly","disprove":"反驳，证明为假：prove to be false","disregard":"漠视，不关注：no attention；缺乏兴趣，缺乏关心：interest concern","dissect":"仔细分析：examine, analyze minute；切成片（尤其是为了解剖研究）：cut apart separate","dissemble":"用假象隐藏真相，掩饰：false","disseminate":"散播，传播：spread, promulgate","dissension":"意见不合：difference, disagreement","dissent":"持异议，不同意：differ；反对正统：departure accepted；不和谐：lack harmony","dissipate":"驱散：drive away, disperse；浪费：wastefully, squander；放纵：indulge, intemperate","dissolute":"放荡的，无节制的：restraint, indulging","dissolve":"溶解融化：solution；解散：break into parts, disintegrate；驱散；（使）消失：cease visible；废除，撤销：end","dissonance":"（音调）不和谐，刺身；不一致，分歧：disagreeable","dissuade":"劝阻，反对：deter persuasion, exhortation","distain":"贬损，伤害（某人的）名誉：lose honor, respect, reputation；弄脏：dirty","distal":"远离中心的，（神经）末梢的：situated away","distend":"（使）膨胀：expand","distill":"对…用蒸馏法提高纯度：increase, purify；（使）渗出；（使）滴下：fall drops","distinctive":"完全不同的：not of the same kind；特征性的，典型的：serving to identify","distort":"扭曲，歪曲：twist","distract":"转移（注意力），使分心：draw, direct different；使焦虑，使不安：trouble, uneasy；疯狂的：insane, mad","distraught":"精神狂乱的，极疯狂的：agitated, insane","diurnal":"白天发生或行动的：daytime；每天的：every day；期刊：publication at regular intervals","divartante":"业余爱好者（对艺术或知识领域涉猎浅薄者）／缺乏专业技术的：superficial interest/lacking expert skill","diverge":"改变方向：change；（使）分叉，散开：different directions central；分歧：different, differ；离题：depart from","diversity":"多样性：variety, multiformity；分歧，不同点：different","divert":"使转向：turn, deflect；使消遣：agreeably；使分心：draw something else","divestiture":"剥夺：taking away","divulge":"泄露（秘密）：known confidence, secret","doctrinaire":"教条主义的，照本宣科的：strongly held opinions","dodder":"蹒跚，颤巍巍地行进：progress unsteadily","dodge":"躲避：avoid","doff":"脱下：take off, remove","dogged":"坚持的，坚决的：continuing, slackening, yielding]；固执的，任性的：sticking to","dogma":"教条，信条：doctrine stated authoritatively","doldrums":"低迷，中断：inactivity；情绪不佳：low spirits","dolorous":"忧伤的：misery, grief","dolt":"笨蛋：stupid","domicile":"住所，住宅：residence；为…提供住处：provide domicile","dominant":"处于支配地位的：controlling others；（基因）显性的：genetic dominance","domineer":"专制统治：overbearing control","don":"穿上：put on","donor":"捐赠人，给体：donates","doodle":"（无目的）地乱涂乱画：aimlessly；漫无目的地打发时光：aimless activity","dormant":"静止的，不活跃的：inactivity；（动物）冬眠的：suspended","dour":"闷闷不乐的，死气沉沉的：gloomy；严厉的：harsh","douse":"熄灭：put out；弄湿：wet","downplay":"轻描淡写：，不予重视：minimize significance","downpour":"倾盆大雨：heavy rain","doyen":"有经验的人，资深人士：knowledge experience；（加入时间较长的）高级会员：senior member","doze":"小憩：lightly","drab":"单调的，无聊的：dullness and monotony","draconian":"极其残酷的，十分严厉的：harsh","dramatic":"显著的，惹人注意的：striking","drawl":"慢吞吞地说：speak slowly","dread":"恐惧：fear","dreary":"单调乏味的：nothing cheer；令人不悦的：causing unhappiness","drench":"使湿透，浸透：wet thoroughly","drivel":"胡言乱语：meaningless；胡言乱语，说傻话：talk stupidity","drizzle":"（下）细小、轻柔、似雾的雨，毛毛雨：misty rain","droll":"古怪有趣的，离奇可笑的：amusingly odd","drone":"低沉单调地说；嗡嗡地叫：talk monotonous；（昆虫振翅般）单调嗡嗡的声音：monotonous sound；混日子：doing nothing","drudgery":"苦工；单调、卑贱或无趣的工作：tedious work","dubious":"充满不定性的，值得怀疑的：uncertainty, questionable；（对事实等）持怀疑态度的：not feeling sure；迟疑不决的，不愿行动的：slow to begin because of doubts","ductile":"可塑的，有延展性的：malleable；易受影响的：easily led","dulcet":"悦耳的，令人愉悦的：melodious","dullard":"笨蛋：stupid","dupe":"复制品，复制：exactly like something else；易受骗的人：easily deceived；欺骗：deceive","duplicate":"复制品：exactly alike；复制：make a copy；重复，反复：do over or again","duplicity":"欺骗，口是心非：deceptiveness","dwindle":"逐渐减少：gradually less","dynamic":"有力量的，有活力的：productive activity","dyspeptic":"脾气坏的：bad-tempered；消化不良的：dyspepsia","earnest":"严肃认真的：serious","earshot":"听力所及的范围：range hear","earsplitting":"震耳欲聋的：distressingly loud","eavesdrop":"偷听：listen secretly","ebullient":"热情奔放的：zestfully","eccentric":"行为出格的，不循规蹈矩的：deviating conventional","eclectic":"混合的，多元化的：from various sources","eclipse":"下降，衰退：lower state；使声望下降，使黯然失色：diminish importance；（在数量、品质上）超越：be greater","ecstasy":"无法自控的情绪：beyond self-control；狂喜：intense joy","ecumenical":"全球基督教会的：whole churches；世界范围的，普遍性的：worldwide","edible":"可食用的：eaten","edifice":"大厦；大建筑物：massive structure；基础，基本结构：basic form","efface":"擦掉，抹去；使不明显：make indistinct","effervesce":"冒泡：bubble；兴奋，热情洋溢：high spirits","effete":"衰弱的，衰落的：depvared；缺乏信念的，懦弱的：lacking strength of will","efficacious":"有效的：produce a desired effect","effluvium":"难闻的气味：offensive smell；没有的副产品，废品：by-product waste","effrontery":"厚颜无耻，放肆大胆：disregard, courtesy","effulgent":"光辉灿烂的：resplendent","effusive":"感情泛滥的／溢于言表的；感情表达不节制的／过度的；过分多情的:unrestrained in emotional expression","egalitarian":"平等主义的：promoting equal rights","egoistic":"利己的，以自我为中心的：centered in oneself","elaborate":"详细的，复杂的：complexity；详细阐述：in detail","elastic":"有弹性的：resuming shape；能（迅速从伤痛中）恢复的：recovering from depression","elate":"使开心，使自豪：fill with joy","eleemosynary":"慈善的：charity","elegy":"哀歌（诗），挽歌（诗）：expressing sorrow","elephantine":"巨大的：enormous size；笨拙的：clumsy","elevate":"（在道德、智力、文化水平上）提升：improve；使兴奋：raise spirits","elicit":"激起，唤起：bring out","elliptical":"含糊不清的：obscurity；椭圆的：ellipse","elucidate":"阐明：make lucid","elude":"躲闪，躲避：avoid adroitly；使无法理解，使困惑：escape the perception","emaciate":"使消瘦，使衰弱：become thin；削弱：feeble","emancipate":"解放，解除束缚：free","embargo":"贸易禁止令：prohibition on commerce","embark":"上船：go abroad；开始从事：start","embarrass":"使尴尬：experience distress；阻挠，制造障碍：create difficulty","embed":"嵌入：enclose","embezzle":"盗用：appropriate","embolden":"鼓励，使大胆：instill courage","emboss":"以浮雕效果妆点，装饰：ornament with raised work","embrace":"乐于接受：willingly, eagerly；保围：surround","embroider":"（时常伴有夸张和想象内容地）详细说明：give elaborate account","emigrate":"移民，移居海外：leave","eminent":"杰出：above others","emollient":"起缓和作用的：less intense","emulate":"效仿并努力超越：excel through imitation","enact":"制定或颁布（法律）：establish","enamel":"涂亮漆；使具有光滑或亮泽的表面：give a glossy surface；用亮丽的表面装饰：adorn","enamored":"迷恋的，热爱的：intense or excessive love","encomium":"赞颂之词：praise","encompass":"组成，包含：include；包围：envelop","encumber":"阻碍，妨碍：impede；给…增添负担：place burden","endeavor":"努力，奋斗：conscientious or concerted effort；努力做，拼搏：devote serious and sustained effort","endemic":"地方性的：to a particular region","endorse":"公开支持，推崇：express approval","enervate":"使衰弱：weaken；使麻木：deprive of emotional vitality","enfranchise":"给予…权力（例如选举权）：endow rights；解放：set free","engender":"引起，使发展：cause；产生，出现：come into existence","engross":"使全神贯注：occupy exclusively","enigma":"难以理解或解释的事物，谜：hard to understand","enlighten":"使知道，启发：inform, instruct；（在道德或精神上）进行教育：provide moral understanding","enmity":"敌意：mutual hatred","ennoble":"使尊贵：noble","ennui":"倦怠；缺乏兴趣：listlessness, lack of interest","ensconce":"安置：settle securely；隐藏：hiding","ensemble":"合唱，合奏曲：two or move vocalists","ensue":"紧随其后：afterward","entangle":"使卷入，使纠缠：twist confused mass；使变复杂或困难：complex or difficult","enthrall":"（像用魔咒般）吸引：hold the attention","enthusiasm":"热情，兴趣：desire or interest","entice":"诱使：tempt, lure","entrance":"进入权，进入许可：means of entering or participation；使入迷：wonder, enchantment","entrap":"诱骗：lure","entreat":"恳求：plead persuade, ask urgently","enunciate":"清晰地说：articulate；公开宣布，宣称：openly or publicity","ephemeral":"短暂的：very short time","epic":"宏大的，超凡脱俗的：surpassing the usual","epicure":"美食家：discriminating tastes","epigram":"机智的短诗，警句：short witty","epilogue":"文学作品的结局：concluding section literary；戏剧的收场白：final scene of a paly","epithet":"外号，绰号：descriptive name","epitomize":"摘要，概括：short statement, main points；代表，体现，是…的典型范例：represent a typical example of","equable":"（脾气、性情）温和的：serene","equilibrium":"均势，平衡：opposing forces are equal；（感情上的）平静：evenness of emotions","equity":"不偏不倚，公平：lack of favoritism","equivalent":"等价的，相等的：equal","equivocate":"（带有欺骗目的地）模棱两可地说，说谎话：equivocal","erode":"侵蚀，慢慢减少：consume gradually","errant":"居无定所的：from place to place；误入歧途的，犯错误的：straying proper course or standards","erratic":"善变的：not constant；异常的，不同寻常的：different from the ordinary","erroneous":"错误的，不正确的：containing error","erudite":"博学的：learned","escalate":"（使）（战争等）升级，扩大：increase","eschew":"刻意避开；戒绝：avoid","escort":"护卫队，护送者：accompanying another；同行，护送：go along with","esoteric":"深奥难懂的：difficult to understand；少数人知道的：not known by the general","espouse":"支持；拥护：support；与…结婚：marriage, marry","esteem":"尊重：respect, prize","estimable":"值得尊敬的：admirable","estrange":"使疏远，离间，使感情失和：enmity, indifference, friendliness","etch":"蚀刻；留下深刻印象，铭记：produce a vivid impression","eternal":"永恒的：infinite duration, everlasting, perpetual","ethereal":"轻巧精致的：lightness, highly refined, delicate；天国的：heaven；非物质的，精神（上）的：spiritual, not composed of matter","ethics":"道德规范：governing conduct","ethos":"道德准则：code of good conduct","eulogize":"称赞，颂扬：speak in high praise of","euphemism":"婉言，委婉的说法：inoffensive expression","euphonious":"悦耳的：pleasing","euphoria":"感觉极其愉快：overwhelming usually pleasurable","evacuate":"撤空：empty or remove；撤退：remove","evanescent":"逐渐消失的，短暂的：vanish","evasive":"难以发现，捕捉，分离的；含糊其辞的：equivocal","everlasting":"永恒的，持久的：forever","evict":"赶出，逐出：expel","evince":"表明：make known","evoke":"唤起，引发：call up","exacerbate":"使加剧，使恶化：severe","exacting":"严格的，苛求的：rigorous；费时间心思的：requiring time, effort, attention","exalt":"提升，提拔：raise；赞扬：praise","exasperate":"激怒：excite","excavate":"挖掘，挖空：dig out","exceptional":"例外的，特别的，非凡的：uncommon, extraordinary","excoriate":"严厉批评：criticize harshly publicly","excrete":"排泄：discharge","excruciate":"折磨，使痛苦：pain","exculpate":"声明无罪；开脱，使无罪：clear fault guilt","excursive":"离题的；散漫的：passing","execrate":"谴责：morally wrong or evil；痛恨：dislike strongly","exemplary":"榜样的，值得效仿的：being a pattern, imitated；作为警告的：warning","exempt":"使免除：release liability","exhaust":"耗尽：consume entirely, compvare use of；筋疲力尽：wear out","exhilarate":"使高兴；使兴奋：cheerful, excited","exhort":"敦促，力劝：urge strong","exigent":"紧急的：immediate","exodus":"大批离去：departure","exonerate":"免除责备：free from blame","exorbitant":"过度的：exceeding the customary or appropriate limits","exorcise":"除去：ger rid of","exotic":"外来的，不同寻常的：unusual","expansive":"广阔的：great expanse；健谈的，外向的：open, talkative, effusive","expedite":"加快进程：speed up the progress","expedition":"动作迅速：speed","expiate":"赎罪，纠正：extinguish the guilt","expire":"断气，死亡：die；到期：come to an end","explicate":"解释，说明：detailed explanation","explicit":"表达清晰的：fully revealed or expressed；成熟的，完全形成的：fully developed","exploit":"英雄行为：notable act；最大程度地利用：employ","exponent":"倡导者，支持者：advocates；实践者，典型代表：full realization","expurgate":"净化（书等），删去（不当处）：remove","exquisite":"程度强烈的：extreme；精致精巧的：refined taste","extant":"现存的：not destroyed, extinct","extemporize":"即兴表现：without prior preparation","extenuate":"减轻罪过：lessen the seriousness","exterminate":"根除，消灭：killing off","extinct":"灭绝的：no longer existing","extinguish":"熄灭：put out；终止：bring to a compvare end","extol":"赞美；吹捧：praise","extort":"勒索：force, intimidation","extract":"用力拔出：take out","extraction":"血统：origin, ancestry","extraneous":"无关的：no relevance；非主要因素的：not essential","extrapolate":"（通过逻辑）判断：form an opinion through reasoning","extravagant":"挥霍的：spending money freely；过度的，不必要的：beyond normal acceptable limit","extricate":"使解脱，救出：free entanglement","exuberant":"非常高兴的，热情洋溢的：joyously, unrestrained；大量的，充分的：abundance","exude":"分泌，流出：flow forth","exult":"感到欢喜：rejoice","fable":"寓言故事：story teach a basic truth；神话，传说：story of supernatural happenings；谎言，虚构：statement in order to deceive","fabricate":"捏造：make up；搭建，组建，打造：bring into being by combining","fabulous":"传说中的：fable；幻想中的，不真实的：in the imagination；令人惊讶的，令人称奇的：causing wonder；极好的：extremely pleasing","facetious":"喜欢开玩笑的，轻浮的：joking","facile":"表面的，浅尝辄止的：lack of depth；容易的，唾手可得的：easily accomplished","facilitate":"使变容易，促进：make easy","faction":"派系：a party that is often contentious","fad":"（短暂的）流行，时尚：popular for a short time","fail-safe":"保险措施：to preclude loss or injury；万无一失的：no chance of failure","fallacious":"谬误的，不合逻辑的：containing fallacy；欺骗性的：tending to deceive","fallible":"可能出错的：erroneous","fallow":"休耕的：untilled；闲置的：not being in a state of use","falsehood":"谎言：untrue, made in order to deceive","falter":"蹒跚：walk unsteadily；犹豫踌躇：unsteady in purpose or action","fanatic":"狂热者：unreasoning enthusiasm；狂热的；盲信的：intense uncritical devotion","fanciful":"幻想中的：不真实的：in the imagination；不切实际的，荒谬的：without regard for reason","fantasy":"幻想：imaginative fiction；产生幻想：form a mental picture","farce":"（带有嘲讽元素的）滑稽戏：broadly satirical comedy；闹剧：ridiculous","fascinate":"强烈吸引，使入迷：hold an intense interest","fast":"绝食，斋戒：abstaining from food；快速的：quick；忠诚的：firm in one’s allegiance；稳固的，难以拆卸的：firmly positioned","fastidious":"挑剔的，极仔细的，追求完美的：meticulous attention to detail","fateful":"意义重大的：momentous；带来灾难的，毁灭性的：bringing death","fathom":"测量（深度）：measure the depth；彻底理解，弄懂：come to understand","fatigue":"疲惫：weariness or exhaustion；（让人厌倦的）苦差事：causes weariness","fatuous":"愚笨的，昏庸的：foolish","faultfinder":"吹毛求疵的人：petty criticism","favorable":"赞许的：expressing approval；有利的：promote","favoritism":"偏爱，偏袒：special favor","fawn":"阿谀奉承：seek favor by flattery","faze":"打扰，使尴尬：disturb the composure","featureless":"缺乏特征的：lacking distinguishing characteristics","feckless":"无成果的，没有价值的：having no worth；粗心不负责任的：careless","fecund":"多产，肥沃的：fruitful","feeble":"衰弱的：lacking in strength","feign":"制造假象，装出…的样子：give a false appearance","feisty":"好斗的，好争论的：aggressiveness","felony":"重罪：grave crimes","fender":"缓存装置：cushioning device","feral":"野生的：not domesticated；动物性的：nature of a lower animal","ferocious":"极端的，剧烈的：unrelenting intensify；激烈的，爆发性的：bursts of destructive force；凶猛的，残暴的：unfriendly or aggressive","fertilize":"使肥沃，使多产：make fertile","fervent":"充满感情的，热情洋溢的：great intensity of feeling","fervid":"酷热的：high temperature；热情的：great passion","fervor":"热情，狂热：great warmth","fester":"感染，溃烂，腐烂：corrupt","fetid":"恶臭的：offensive smell","fetter":"枷锁，限制：limits one’s freedom；束缚：restrain from motion","fiasco":"大失败：compvare failure","fickle":"易变的：likely to change；不忠诚的：not true in one’s allegiance","fictitious":"虚构的：not real","fidelity":"忠诚：being faithful","figment":"虚构的事物，幻觉：made up","figurative":"比喻的：denoting another","figurine":"小雕塑：small statue","filibuster":"拖延议事：for the purpose of delaying legislative action","filter":"过滤：pass through a filter；去除杂质：remove impurities","finale":"终场，结局：closing part","finesse":"娴熟技巧：skill；精心策划：plan out with subtle skill；（巧妙地）躲避：keep away from","finicky":"过分讲究的，挑剔的：extremely meticulous","fitful":"无规律的，缺乏周期的：erratic or intermittent","flaccid":"不结实的，松弛的：lacking firmness","flag":"旗帜，象征：symbol；变得衰弱：become feeble","flamboyant":"艳丽夺目的，炫耀的，充满装饰的：strikingly elaborate","flatter":"拍马屁，奉承，讨好：praise excessively；自我感觉良好：think highly of；使显得更漂亮：show advantageously","flaw":"瑕疵，缺点：imperfection；降低，破坏，使不完美：reduce perfection","fledgling":"新生：starting out in a field","fleet":"舰队，车队：group of a vehicles；迅速的：with great speed；快速涌过：pass swiftly","fleeting":"稍纵即逝的，短暂的：for short time","flexible":"灵活的，可变的：readily changed；易受影响的：susceptible to influence","flinch":"畏缩；退缩：draw back","flippancy":"轻率，无礼：unbecoming levity","flirt":"调情：behave amorously；无规则地快速运动：make irregular movements","flit":"快速或突然地经过：pass quickly","flock":"人群，兽群：creatures massed together；聚集，集体行动：travel in a flock","florid":"辞藻华丽的，花哨的：fancy expressions；装饰华丽的：elaborately decorated","flounder":"笨拙地行动，挣扎：act clumsily","flourish":"茂盛，繁荣：achieve success；装饰：ornamentation","flout":"嘲弄性不理会，蔑视：treat with disregard","fluctuate":"波动，无规则地变动：shift back and forth","fluent":"表达流利的：able to express well；不费力的：minimal difficulty","fluky":"侥幸的：happening by good luck；偶然的：by chance","flush":"（肤色）健康红润的：healthy reddish；富有的：money in abundance；大量的：abundance；冲洗：pour liquid","fluster":"使慌乱：put into agitated confusion","foible":"小缺点：minor flaw","foil":"挫败：prevent from being successful","foment":"助长，煽动：promote the growth","foolproof":"十分简单以至于不会失败的：leave no opportunity for error, misuse or failure","footloose":"无拘无束的，自由的：having no attachments","forage":"寻找：search","forbearance":"克制，忍耐：tolerance and restraint；友好仁慈的态度：kind, gentle or compassionate treatment","forebear":"祖先：an ancestor","forebode":"预示，预兆：show signs","foreground":"强调，重视：indicate the importance","forestall":"预先阻止：prevent beforehand","foreword":"前言：preface","forfeit":"罚金：punishment","forge":"伪造：imitate falsely；铸造，铸就：form；","formidable":"令人害怕的：causing fear；艰难的：requiring effort","forsake":"彻底放弃，抛弃：renounce","forthright":"直率的，说话率真的：free in expressing opinions；直接的，不绕弯子的：free from ambiguity or evasiveness：going straight to the point","fortify":"加固，鼓励：give physical strength；做好心理准备：prepare mentally","foster":"促进，鼓励，培养：help the growth；养育：bring to maturity","founder":"建立者：one establishes；完败：fail utterly；沉没：become submerged","fracas":"争吵，吵闹：physical dispute, noisy fight","fracture":"破裂：breaking；打碎，破坏：separate into pieces","fragile":"易碎的：broken；易受伤的，脆弱的：easily injured","frail":"虚弱的：weak；（意志）薄弱的：weak；（希望）渺茫的：slight","fraudulent":"欺诈的：fraud","fraught":"充满的：full；令人忧虑的：emotional distress","frenzy":"疯狂，狂怒：mental agitation","frequent":"时常拜访：often；时常发生的，重复再现的：short intervals","fretful":"易怒的，烦躁的：vexed","friable":"易碎的：easily crumbled","friction":"摩擦：rubbing；冲突，不和：clashing；","frigid":"严寒的：cold；冷漠的：lacking warmth","fringe":"边缘：border；与…接壤，位于…的边缘：be adjacent","frivolous":"轻浮的：unbecoming levity；不重要的：little importance","frosty":"寒冷的：low temperature；无强烈情感的，冷淡的：lacking in friendliness or warmth","frothy":"用轻薄材料制作的：light；（内容等）快乐轻佻、不严肃的：gaily frivolous","frowsy":"邋遢的：slovenly；味道难闻的：unpleasant smell","frugal":"节约的：economy","frustrate":"挫败，阻挠：prevent；使沮丧：lessen the courage","full-bodied":"重要的：importance；味道浓烈的：richness flavor","fulminate":"大声斥责：thunderous denunciation","fumble":"笨拙地做：awkward attempts；（无意识的）失误：departure from truth","furor":"喧闹，狂怒，激动，狂热：intense excitement","furtive":"鬼鬼祟祟的；秘密的：stealth","fury":"暴怒：rage","fussy":"谨慎的：involving great care；过分雕琢的：excessively decorated；挑剔的：hard to please","fusty":"过时的：old-fashioned；腐臭的：stale odors","futile":"无效的，无用的：ineffective；不严肃的：lacking in seriousness","gadfly":"刺激物：provocative stimulus；令人反感的人：annoys","gaffe":"（社交上）失礼，失态：social blunder；明显的错误，错误判断：blatant mistake","gainsay":"否认：declare false；反对：oppose","gall":"（使）焦躁，激怒：irritate；深深的敌意：ill will；大胆，无耻：boldness","gallant":"英勇的：brave, chivalrous；高贵的，慷慨的：dignified and generous","galvanize":"（好似用电击）刺激：stimulate excite","gamble":"赌博，孤注一掷：bet；（使）受到威胁，冒险：in danger","gambol":"欢跳，雀跃：playfully","gangly":"身材瘦长的：tall","garble":"曲解，篡改，混淆（以至使无法理解）：distort misleading；筛选，除杂：remove","gargantuan":"巨大的：tremendous；","garish":"过于鲜艳的，过于张扬的：strident color","garment":"衣服：clothing","garrulous":"啰嗦的，话多得令人厌烦的：tiresomely, talkative","gash":"深长的伤口或切口：deep cut；砍伤，切开：make gash","gasification":"气化：gas；","gauche":"笨拙的，缺乏社交经验的：lacking grace","gaudy":"俗丽的：excessively showy","gauge":"测量标准：measurement standard；判定：determine","gawky":"（举止）笨拙的：inability to move in a graceful manner","gear":"调整（以配合）：adjust","genial":"和蔼亲切的：easygoing；友好的，热心的：kindly feeling；温暖的：neither too high nor too low","genteel":"有教养的，不粗俗的：free from vulgarity","germane":"有关的，适当的：relevant","germinate":"发芽：begin to grow；出现：come into being","gibe":"嘲弄：taunting words","giddy":"轻率不严肃的：lacking in seriousness；喜悦的：elated","gild":"（带欺骗性地）修改，润色：deceptively attractive","gist":"要点：main point","glacial":"极冷的：extremely cold；冷漠的，无感情的：devoid of warmth","gladiator":"角斗士：engaged fight death；参与打斗或辩论的人：engaging in controversy","glaze":"给…上釉，妆点：coat glaze；使平滑：glossy surface","glib":"流利圆滑的（常含有不真诚或欺诈的成分），油腔滑调的：fluency insincere deceitful；缺乏深度的，肤浅的：lacking depth","glide":"轻松地行动，轻松地通过：smoothly, continuously, effortlessly","glisten":"闪光：shine sparkling","glitch":"小故障：minor malfunction","gloat":"幸灾乐祸，自鸣得意：self-satisfaction","gloomy":"黯淡无光的：without light；忧郁的：low spirits","gloss":"简短解释：brief explanation, obscure；（欺骗性的）光鲜外表：attractive appearance；敷衍潦草做事（甚至忽略）：too lightly；开脱（罪名）：less bad","glossy":"平滑的，有光泽的：smooth surface","glower":"怒目而视：stare with anger","glut":"使过量，使充满：beyond capacity","glutinous":"胶状的粘的：glue","glutton":"贪吃者：immoderate food","goad":"刺激，驱使，激发：incite rouse","gobble":"狼吞虎咽：eat greedily","goggle":"凝视：look","goldbrick":"逃避工作和责任：shirk responsibilities","gorge":"峡谷：canyon；狼吞虎咽：eat greedily","gossamer":"虚无缥缈的东西：insubstantial；轻薄的，薄弱的：light","gourmand":"嗜食者，大胃王：excessively fond of eating","gourmet":"美食家：connoisseur food","graft":"移植，移接：implant surgically","grandeur":"宏伟，壮丽：grand","grandiloquent":"（语言等）浮夸的：extravagantly, bombastic","grandiose":"自命不凡的，浮夸的：grandeur；宏大的：greatness","grandstand":"为了给人留下印象而表演，哗众取宠：impress","grate":"刮擦（以发出刺耳的声音）：rasping；骚扰，惹恼：irritate","gratify":"使满足：desired please","gratuitous":"无根据的，无理由的：unwarranted；无报酬的，免费的：without return；多余的：not needed","green":"无经验的：deficient experience","gregarious":"爱社交的：enjoy the company；群居的：group with others","grieve":"（使）感到悲伤：deep sadness","grimace":"因痛苦而面部扭曲，（作）怪相，（作）鬼脸：contortion pain, disgust or disapproval","grin":"咧嘴笑，咧嘴笑着表示：express an emotion","gripe":"抱怨：dissatisfaction；（通过连续让人讨厌的举动）激怒，惹怒：disturb","grisly":"令人反感的，令人恐惧的：repugnance","grit":"（面对困难时所表现出来的）毅力：endure pain or hardship","groggy":"虚弱的，（走路）不稳的：weak and unsteady；无法思考的，头脑不清的：not able to think or move","groove":"享受，极其满意，过得快活：take pleasure in","grotesque":"难看的：unpleasant","grovel":"卑躬屈膝：draw back, fearful submission","grudge":"怨恨，仇恨：ill will","grueling":"费时间花心思的：requiring","grumble":"（尤指低声地）抱怨，埋怨：complain","guile":"狡猾，狡诈：misleading","guilt":"自责，悔恨：wrongdoing","gull":"欺骗：untrue","gullible":"易受骗的，易被利用的：cheated","gush":"（使）大量涌出：great volume；（使）情感强烈外溢：exaggerated display","gust":"情感爆发：sudden intense expression","guzzle":"狂饮：drink greedily","hack":"雇佣文人：writer commercial；乱砍；开辟：irregular blows；成功完成：skillfully or efficiently；忍受：put up with","hackneyed":"陈腐的，缺乏创新的：lacking freshness originality","halcyon":"宁静的，平静的：free from；繁荣的，丰富的：affluent","hale":"强壮的，健壮的：free from infirmity or illness；拖，拉：cause to follow","half-baked":"不明智的：lack of good sense or judgment","halfhearted":"不感兴趣的，不热情的：lacking heart","hallmark":"典型的特征：conspicuous feature","hallow":"尊敬，把…视为神圣：respect","hallucination":"错觉：false idea","ham-handed":"笨手笨脚的：lacking dexterity","hammer":"屡次重申：repeated","hamper":"阻碍：restrict the movement, impede","hamstring":"使无效，使无力：ineffective","hangdog":"伤心的，沮丧的：sad, dejected","hanker":"向往，渴望：desire, yearn","haphazard":"无秩序的，无目标的：lack of plan, order or direction","harangue":"（发表）长篇大论：long pompous","harass":"烦扰：irritate persistently；耗尽…的体力：use up","harbinger":"预言者：presages","harbor":"提供住处，隐匿：provide habitat；心怀，牢记：keep in one’s mind","hard-bitten":"顽强的，经受得住困境、压力的：able to withstand","hardy":"顽强的：able to withstand；愿意冒风险的：willing to take risks","harmonious":"和谐一致的：agreeably related","harness":"利用：utilize","harrow":"折磨，使苦恼：distress torment","harry":"不断烦扰，骚扰：distress, harass","harsh":"粗糙的，不具有美感的：coarse rough disagreeable sense；严厉的：exacting","hasten":"促进：speed-up, accelerate","hasty":"轻率的：superficial excessive or careless speed","haunt":"常去拜访：frequent；不断地想起，萦绕心头：obsess","hauteur":"傲慢，自大：arrogance","haven":"安全的地方：place of safety","havoc":"大混乱：out of order；大范围破坏：nonexistent unsound or useless","headlong":"鲁莽的：without deliberation","hearken":"倾听，关注：attention","hearten":"给予鼓励，鼓舞：give strength courage, encourage","heartrending":"令人心碎的：sorrow distress","heckle":"起哄，使难堪：harass","hedonism":"享乐主义：doctrine pleasure","hegemony":"霸权，统治权：preponderant authority","heinous":"可憎的，十恶不赦的：hatefully","herald":"告知，宣布：make known；预示，预兆：indication of beforehand","heresy":"异教，和普遍观点相悖的说话：controversial or unorthodox opinion","heretical":"异教的，异端邪说的：departure standards","hermetic":"深奥的：abstruseness","hesitance":"犹豫，不情愿：hesitant, reluctant","heterodox":"非正统的，异端的：unorthodox opinions","hew":"遵守：confirm, hold to something firmly；支持：steadfast support","hidebound":"死板的，极度保守的：tending to favor","hideous":"非常丑陋的：ugly","hie":"匆匆忙忙：hasten","hierarchical":"分等级的，等级制的：classified","hike":"（使）上涨：rise up to a higher place or position","hilarious":"非常好笑的：extremely funny","histrionic":"戏剧的，演员的：relating to actors","hive":"忙碌之地：activity；储备，积累：store up","hoard":"贮藏，秘藏：keep hidden","hoary":"极老的：extremely old","hoax":"欺骗：cause to believe untrue","hobble":"跛行，蹒跚而行：haltingly or with difficulty；阻碍，妨碍：hamper the action","hodgepodge":"大杂烩：mixture dissimilar","homage":"尊敬，敬意：respect","homely":"其貌不扬的，朴素简单的：not attractive","homily":"冗长乏味的道德演讲或训诫：admonition","homogenize":"使统一化：make agree single established standard","hone":"磨快：sharpen","hoodwink":"欺骗：deceptive","hortative":"鼓励的：exhortation","hovel":"茅屋：small wretched dirty","hubris":"狂妄自大：exaggerated pride, self-confidence","humble":"谦逊的：meekness, modesty；顺从的，谦卑的：humility or unseemly submissiveness","humdrum":"千篇一律，单调：lack of variety；无聊的，乏味的：lacking excitement","humiliate":"羞辱，使丧失尊严：to a lower position","humility":"谦卑，谦逊：absence of any feeling s better","humor":"幽默，令人发笑的事物：comical or amusing；迎合，迁就：comply with","hurricane":"飓风：a violent rotating storm；飓风般的事物，引起动荡的事物：resembling a hurricane","husband":"节俭，勤俭持家：use economically","husk":"（果类或谷物的）外壳：outer covering；剥去：remove","husky":"（尤指声音）沙哑的，粗糙的：rough；高大威猛的：muscular","hybrid":"杂交品种，混合品种：mixed origin；杂交的：parents of different races","hymn":"赞歌，赞美诗：song of praise；赞美：proclaim the glory","hyperbole":"夸张：exaggeration used for emphasis","hypnotic":"催眠的：cause sleep","hypocritical":"虚伪的：not being what one appears to be","hypothetical":"假设，前提条件：starting point；假定的：assumption speculation","iconoclast":"特立独行的人：not conform accepted standards","idiosyncrasy":"独特而奇怪的习惯：odd or peculiar habit","idle":"闲置的，未使用的：not turned to use；懒散的：lazy；懒散度日，无所事事：without working","idolatrize":"（通常盲目）崇拜：admires intensely","idyll":"无忧无虑的生活：carefree episode","ignite":"点燃：set fire to；激起，唤起（感情）：arouse the passions","ignominy":"耻辱：lost the esteem","ill-bred":"没有教养的，没有礼貌的：impolite","illiteracy":"文盲：unable to read and write","illuminate":"照明：make shining；阐明：make plain；启迪，启发：spiritual understanding","illuminati":"智者：enlightened；精英：best of a class","illusory":"幻觉的，虚幻的：illusion","illustrious":"著名的，杰出的：distinguished","imbibe":"喝水，摄取水分：take in liquid","imbroglio":"困境，复杂的局面：complicated situation；纷争：angry expression of differing opinions","imitation":"仿制品：like something else","immaculate":"干净的，纯净的：free from dirt；完美的，没有任何错误的：without fault","immanent":"内在的：innermost","immaterial":"非实体的：not composed of matter；无关的，不重要的：no relevance","immature":"未完全发展的，未发育成熟的：lacking compvare growth；（思维、举止）不够成熟的：lacking maturity","immemorial":"古老的：from the distant past","immune":"不易被感染的，有免疫力的：having resistance to infection；不受影响的：not affected by influence；不受约束的，免除的：not subject to an obligation","immure":"监禁，禁闭；使闭门不出：confine","immutable":"不可变的：not capable of changing","impassive":"冷漠的，无感情的：no sign of feeling","impeccable":"无罪的：free from sin；无暇的，无可挑剔的：free from fault","impecunious":"贫穷的：no money","impede":"妨碍，阻碍：slow the progress of","impending":"即将发生的：soon to take place","impenetrable":"不可渗透的，不可穿透的：impossible to get through；难以理解的：incapable of being comprehended","impenitent":"不悔悟的：not regretful","imperative":"命令：must be obeyed；命令的，强制性的：forcing one’s compliance；迫切的：needing immediate attention；必要的：impossible to do without","imperial":"帝国的，帝王的：empire；巨大的，令人惊叹的：impressive in size","imperious":"爱发号施令的：ordering people；傲慢的，专横呃：arrogantly domineering；迫切的：compelling","imperishable":"不能被摧毁的：impossible to destroy；不朽的，永恒的：occurring forever","impertinent":"无关紧要的：not having relevance；粗鲁无礼的，大胆的：insolent rudeness；不守礼节的，不为他人着想的：lack of manners","imperturbable":"沉着冷静的，淡定的：extreme calm","impervious":"不可渗透的，不可穿透的：not allowing entrance；不能被破坏的：not capable of being damaged；不为所动的：not capable of being affected","impetuous":"冲动的，性急的，轻率的：impulsive vehemence；剧烈的，猛烈的：violence of movement","impious":"不敬神的：lacking reverence","implacable":"固执的：sticking to an opinion；无法平息的：not capable of being appeased","implement":"工具：device；执行，实施：carry out","implicit":"不言而喻的，心照不宣的：understood though unexpressed；无疑问的，无保留的：without doubt","implode":"（使）剧烈收缩，（使）坍塌，（使）内爆：collapse inward","importune":"恳求，迫切请求：urgent manner","imposing":"宏伟壮丽的：impressive","impostor":"冒充者：assumes false identity","impostor*":"冒名顶替者，骗子：assumes false identity","impotent":"无生育能力的：unable to produce fruit；无力的，无能的：lacking in power","imprecise":"不精确的：not precise","impromptu":"即席的表演:done extemporaneously；即席的，即兴的：without previous preparation","improvise":"即兴而作：perform with little or no preparation","imprudent":"不明智的：lacking good judgment","impudent":"放肆大胆的，无礼的：boldness or disregard","impugn":"责难，攻击，抨击：attack as false","impuissance":"无权，虚弱：lack of power","impunity":"免责，免受处罚：freedom from punishment","inadvertent":"偶然发生的：by chance；疏忽的，不留意的：unintentional lack of care","inalienable":"不可剥夺的，不能让与的：cannot be transferred","inane":"空洞的：lacking significance","inanimate":"无生命的：not living","inaugurate":"使就职：induct into an office；开始：begin","incandescent":"明亮灿烂的：bright；热情饱满的，感情强烈的：zeal","incantation":"咒语：magic power","incarnate":"化身的，人性化的：bodily nature and form；使（思想、理论）具体，体现：constitute an embodiment","incendiary":"煽动者：person who stirs up；煽动性的：tending to inflame","incense":"芳香：pleasant smell；激怒：extremely angry","incentive":"刺激，诱因：incites","inception":"开端，开始：beginning","incessant":"无间断的：without interruption","inch":"少量，很短的距离：small degree；（使）慢慢移动：move slowly","inchoate":"新生的，才开始的：early stage；未完全成型的：imperfectly formed","incinerate":"将…烧成灰烬：burn to ashes","incipient":"起初的，初现的：beginning to come into being","incite":"煽动，激起：provoke","inclement":"（天气等）恶劣的：lacking mildness；无情的，残酷的：unmerciful","incogitant":"考虑不周到的，不体谅的：inconsiderate","incongruent":"不全等的；不一致的：not conforming","inconsequential":"不合逻辑的：not following good reasoning；不重要的：no significance","incontrovertible":"无可争议的：not open to question","incorrigible":"不可救药的，积习难改的：incapable of being corrected；无法管制的：impossible to control","incriminate":"归罪于：accuse of a crime","incubate":"孵化：cover and warm eggs；帮助，培养，促进：aid","inculpate":"归罪于：incriminate","incumbent":"义不容辞的，必须的：obligation duty","incursion":"入侵：hostile entrance","indecorous":"不合礼节的，不得体的：conflicting with accepted standards","indelible":"（印记等）无法擦除的：impossible to remove；无法忘怀的：not easily forgotten","indemnity":"（损害、伤害等的）保险赔偿：compensation","indict":"起诉，控告：accuse","indifferent":"公平的：impartiality；（质量、档次等）中规中矩的，一般的：average；不感兴趣的，冷漠的：lack of interest","indigenous":"土产的，本地的：originating；与生俱来的，先天的：innermost nature","indigent":"贫穷的：lacking money","indispensable":"必不可少的，不可或缺的：impossible to do without","indoctrinate":"教育，灌输思想：instruct","indolent":"懒惰的：averse to activity","inducement":"动机，刺激源：motive；劝说，游说：pleading with someone to accept","indulgent":"（对己）放纵的，（对他人）纵容的：given to indulgence","indurate":"铁石心肠的，冷酷无情的：a lack of sympathy；使变硬：physically firm；使习惯于（如艰苦或尴尬之境况）：withstand physical hardship","industrious":"勤勉的：diligent","ineffable":"难以表达的：incapable expressed","ineluctable":"无法逃避的，必然的：not to be avoided","inept":"愚笨的，荒谬的：lack of judgment；不恰当的，不合时宜的：not appropriate；不称职的，无能力的：incompetent","inert":"（人）懒惰缺乏活力的；（物品）惰性的：sluggish, deficient","inevitable":"不可避免的，必然的：incapable avoided","inexorable":"无法劝阻的，不为所动的：not persuaded","infamous":"臭名昭著的：bad reputation","infatuate":"使迷恋：inspire unreasoning love","infelicitous":"不愉快的，不幸的：unfortunate；不恰当的，不合时宜的：not appropriate","inferno":"大火：fire；地狱：resembles hell","infiltrate":"秘密潜入：enter surreptitiously","infinite":"无尽的，无限的：no boundaries","infirm":"虚弱的：weak in body；不果断的，优柔寡断的：lacking firmness of will","inflame":"点燃，燃烧：set on fire；使加剧：more violent","influx":"涌入：coming in","infraction":"违背，违反：failure to uphold the requirements","infuriate":"激怒：make furious","infuse":"灌输，使…充满：fill；鼓舞：inspire","ingenious":"聪明的，有创造才能的：resourceful, cleverness","ingenuity":"独创性，创新性：inventive","ingenuous":"天真纯朴的：lacking cunning；坦白的：straightforward","ingest":"摄入，咽下：take into body","ingrained":"本质的，根深蒂固的：firmly established","ingratiating":"讨人喜欢的：winning favor；逢迎的，意在奉承的：gain favor","inherent":"内在的，本质的：essential","inimical":"带有敌意的：hostility；危及某人利益的，不利的：opposed to interests","inimitable":"无法效仿的，独特的：not imitated","iniquity":"邪恶，不公正：immorality, injustice","initiate":"创造，发动促进：cause beginning；刚入门的新手：person initiation","inkling":"轻微暗示，小提示：slight indication；略知：vague notion","innocuous":"无害的：no injury；乏味的，不会引起敌意的：not arouse","innovative":"创新性的：introducing innovations","inquisitive":"过分好奇的：inordinately curious","insensible":"无知觉的：lost consciousness；漠不关心的：not responsive；粗俗的，没品味的：lacking in refinement","insensitive":"缺乏机智圆滑的，缺乏社交技巧的：lacking tact；不敏感的，麻木的：not responsive","insentient":"无感觉的，无知觉的：lacking perception；一知半解的，略懂的：not having a deep understanding","insight":"深刻的理解：apprehending nature","insipid":"（食品）清淡无味的：lacking favor；平淡的，无聊的：lacking interest","insolent":"粗野的，无礼的：rude","insouciant":"无忧虑的，不在乎的：free from concern","instate":"任命：establish rank","instigate":"煽动，激起：urge forward, stir up","instill":"慢慢滴入：enter；灌输：impart","institute":"创立，制定：establish；机构：organization","insubordinate":"不服从权威的：not submissive","insular":"（观念、想法等）孤立狭隘的：narrow provincial viewpoint","insulate":"使绝缘，使隔离：detached situation","insurgent":"叛乱分子：opposes authority","intangible":"无法感知的，无形的：capable perceived","integral":"构成整体所必需的：essential；完整的：not lacking any part","integrity":"正直：adherence moral；完整性：being whole","intelligible":"可理解的：being understood","intemperate":"无节制的，极端的，不温和的：not temperate","intensify":"加强，激化：make intense","inter":"埋葬：place in grave","intercessor":"调停者：mediates","interdict":"禁止：forbid；阻止：stop, seize or interrupt","interim":"中间过渡时期，间隔：time between event；暂时的：for the time being","interlock":"连锁，连结：joined closely","interminable":"无尽头的：no end","intermittent":"间歇的，断断续续的：not continuous；不定期的：lacking regularity","interregnum":"过渡期：break","interrogate":"质问，审问：question formally","intimate":"有紧密联系的，亲密无间的：close association；不为人知的：not known；密友：person who has a strong liking；迂回地交流，间接地沟通：communicate indirectly","intimidate":"威吓：frighten","intoxicant":"使人陶醉的东西（尤指酒精饮料）：intoxicates","intransigent":"不妥协的，固执的：refusal to compromise","intrepid":"无畏的：resolute fearlessness","intrigue":"阴谋：a secret plan；激起…的兴趣：arouse curiosity","intrinsic":"固有的，内在的：essential","intuitive":"直觉的：by intuition","inundate":"淹没：cover with flood","inure":"使习惯接受不好的东西：accustom；使坚强：withstand physical hardship","invective":"侮辱性的：characterized by insult","inveigh":"激烈抗议，表示强烈不满：protest vehemently","inveigle":"诱骗：win over by coaxing","inventory":"存货清单：list all goods；（包含要点的）简介：short statement","inveterate":"积习的：firmly established","invidious":"惹人反感的：cause discontent；羡慕嫉妒恨的：resentment of another’s possessions","invigorate":"使精神，使强壮，鼓舞激励：impart vigor","invincible":"不可战胜的，不可超越的：incapable conquered","invoke":"实施：put into effect；产生，造成：be the cause","irascible":"易怒的：easily provoked anger","irate":"极其愤怒的：extremely angry","iridescent":"五颜六色的：lustrous colors","irk":"令人烦恼的事物：source of irritation；使烦恼，使厌倦：irritating","ironclad":"非常坚固的，坚不可摧的：unbreakable","irradicable":"不能根除的：impossible destroy","irreducible":"（数）不可约分的：incapable factored","irrigate":"灌溉：supply water；冲洗：flush","irritate":"刺激，惹恼：provoke anger","issue":"（有争议的）话题，议题：matter that is in dispute；发布（期刊）等：produce and release；（使）流出：flow out","jabber":"快而不清楚地说：talk rapidly, indistinctly","jaded":"疲惫的：depvared in strength；厌倦的，没兴趣没热情的：patience exhausted","jape":"嘲弄：mockingly","jargon":"行业术语：specialized or technical language","jarring":"刺耳的：discordant；震惊的：strong emotional reaction","jaundice":"（因嫉妒或厌世而产生的）偏见：bias","jaunty":"轻快呃，活泼的：sprightly","jejune":"无趣乏味的：not interesting；幼稚的：annoying qualities children","jeopardy":"危险： risk, danger","jest":"轻浮的态度，戏谑：frivolous","jettison":"丢弃，投弃：cast","jibe":"意见一致：agree","jingoist":"极端爱国激进分子（通常表现为好战的对外政策）：extreme nationalism belligerent","jitters":"紧张，不安：panic, nervousness","jocular":"搞笑的，欢乐的：joking, playful","jocund":"欢快的，高兴的：sprightly lighthearted","jog":"慢跑：movement exercise；唤起：rouse","jolt":"突然移动：move sudden；惊吓：unpleasant surprise","jot":"简要记录：write briefly","jovial":"愉快的：good-mannered, jollity, conviviality","jubilant":"喜悦的：joyful","judicious":"明智的，慎重的：judgment prudent","juggernaut":"无法阻挡的力量的，摧毁一切的强大力量：overwhelming force","justify":"证明...的合理性，为...辩解：prove to be just, right","ken":"视野范围：vision；知道，了解（人或物）：know","kidnap":"绑架勒索：detain unlawful force","kindle":"点燃：set fire, ignite","kindred":"类似的；具有相似或相近的起源、本性或性质的：similar origin","knack":"诀窍，聪明的做法：clever","knead":"揉捏，塑造：shape by folding","knit":"编织（纱线）：interlacing yarn with needles；连接，联系：join closely","knotty":"多结的，复杂的，困难的：full of difficulties complications","kudos":"名望，名声：fame；夸奖，赞扬：acclaim or praise","labile":"易变的，不稳定的：unstable","laborious":"勤奋的：industrious；费力的：long, hard work","labyrinthine":"迷宫似的，复杂曲折的：extremely complex structure","lacerate":"使非常痛苦：cause pain","lachrymose":"催人泪下的，悲伤的：mournful","lackluster":"黯淡无光泽的：lacking brightness","laconic":"简洁（以至于显得粗鲁或难以理解的）：minimum of words, concise","lag":"最终的，最后的：following all others；缓慢行走：slowness；萎靡，失去活力：lose bodily strength","lambaste":"严厉斥责：scold sharply","lament":"悼词：composition grief；抱怨：resentment；为…哀悼，表达痛苦或遗憾：express sorrow","lamentable":"值得惋惜的，悲哀的：deplorable","lampoon":"讽刺：harsh satire","lance":"长矛，标枪：long straight handle and sharp head or blade；刺穿，刺破：penetrate","languid":"没精打采的，虚弱的：lacking energy","languish":"变得衰弱：become feeble","languor":"懒惰：inertness；衰弱：weakness, weariness","lank":"细长瘦弱的：long lean；不僵硬的，柔软松弛的：limp, not stiff","lapse":"小过失：slight error；结束，终止：end","largesse":"捐赠物：without expectation of a return；慷慨：liberality","lash":"击打：hard strike；猛击，撞击：strike with force；捆扎：bind","lassitude":"乏力，没精打采：diminished energy","latent":"潜在的，不活跃的：potential, not evident","latitude":"（行动或言论）自由：freedom","laudatory":"表示赞扬的：praise","lavish":"奢侈的，大量的，无节制的：extravagance and profusion；挥霍，浪费：give readily carelessly","lax":"松弛的，不紧的，不严格的：not tense, firm, or rigid；懈怠的，漫不经心的：failing to give proper care","leaven":"在…中加入轻松、活泼或变更的因素：mingle permeate","leer":"一瞥，斜眼看：sidelong","leery":"怀疑的，不信任的：suspicious","legacy":"遗产：handed down ancestor","legend":"传奇，传说：popular myth；图例：explanatory list map","legion":"大量的人，（尤指）军团：large body of men；大量的：numerous","lenient":"宽大仁慈的：merciful","levelheaded":"明智的：sensible","levity":"轻浮：frivolity","liability":"责任：liable；障碍，不利条件：creates difficulty","liberal":"思想前卫的：not bound；慷慨的，大方的：generosity","libertine":"放荡不羁者：without moral restraint","license":"许可，认可：approval；自由：move freely；放荡：disregard for standards；准许，授权使用：permit or authorize","licentious":"放荡的，性欲强的：lacking restraints","liken":"显示相似，把…比作：show as similar","limber":"可塑的，柔软的：flexible","limp":"柔软的，松散的：lacking firm；软弱的，没有精神的：lacking strength；跛行，艰难地行走：haltingly or unsteadily","limpid":"透明清澈的：transparent clearness；镇定的，淡定的：free from agitation","linger":"磨蹭，闲荡：proceed slowly","lionize":"追捧，把...捧为名人：celebrity","lissome":"柔软的：easily bent；敏捷的，轻盈的：move with ease","list":"（使）倾斜：at an angle","lithe":"敏捷的，轻盈的：grace；柔软的：easily bent","loath":"不情愿的，讨厌的：reluctant","loathe":"厌恶：dislike","lofty":"崇高的：elevated；高的：rising；自大的：superiority","loll":"懒洋洋地行动：lazy；偷懒，打发时间：doing nothing","lopsided":"歪的，倾斜的：leaning；不平衡的，不协调的：lacking in balance","loquacious":"话多的：excessive talk","loutish":"粗鲁的：awkward, stupid and boorish","lubricate":"使润滑：reduce friction","lucid":"有光亮的：suffused with light；神志清楚的：full use of one’s mind；表达清晰的，简单易懂的：easily understood","ludicrous":"荒唐的，可笑的：derisive laughter","lug":"拖动，拉动：cause to follow；费力搬运：laboriously","lugubrious":"（故作夸张的）悲哀的：mournful","lull":"相对平静时期，间隙：momentary halt；使镇静，使安心：free from distress","lullaby":"催眠曲：song lull sleep；使镇静，使安心：free from distress","lumber":"木材：tree logs；笨拙地行动：clumsiness；使负担（从而拖累）：burden","luminary":"杰出人物：eminence","luminous":"发光的，有光泽的：emitting or reflecting light；杰出的：standing above","lurch":"蹒跚：swaying","lurid":"恐怖的：令人反感的：causing revulsion；面色苍白的，病态的：pale in appearance","lurk":"潜伏：lie in wait","lush":"茂盛呃：vigorously；多产的：producing abundantly；（声音、味道）优美的，令人愉悦的：appealing","lustrous":"有光泽的：shiny","luxurious":"豪华的：wealth and comfort；奢侈的：excessive gratification","lyric":"（可以哼唱的）小曲：musical composition；如诗歌般流畅优美的：suggestive of poetry or music","macabre":"恐怖的：horror of death","macerate":"浸泡（以软化）：soaking or steeping","machination":"诡计：scheming or crafty action","maculate":"使有斑点，弄脏；玷污，损坏：spot","madcap":"热爱冒险的人：seeks our very dangerous or foolhardy adventures；大胆的，鲁莽的：foolishly adventurous or bold","maelstrom":"漩涡：violent whirlpool；混乱、动荡的局势：turbulent","magnificent":"壮丽的：strikingly impressive","magnitude":"重要，重大：greatness in significance；巨大：greatness in size","maladroit":"笨拙的：lack of nimbleness","malaise":"不舒服：bodily discomfort","malcontent":"不满分子：opposition；不满的：dissatisfied","malevolent":"恶意的，恶毒的：vicious ill will, spite，hatred","malicious":"恶意的：deliberately harmful","malign":"恶意的：cause suffering；诽谤：utter injuriously","malignant":"恶毒的，邪恶的：desire to cause someone pain","malinger":"装病以逃避工作：pretend illness","malleable":"可塑的：capable of being shaped；易控制的：capable of being controlled","malodorous":"恶臭的：unpleasant smell","mandatory":"强制的：forcing compliance","maneuver":"巧妙地操纵：guide with adroitness and design","mangle":"损毁，使伤残：injury；弄砸：ruin","mangy":"卑劣的：contemptible","mania":"热衷，狂热：intense enthusiasm","manifest":"显然的，明显易懂：understanding；显现，显露：make evident","manipulate":"巧妙操作：skillful；巧妙处理，暗中操控：deviously","mannered":"不自然的，做作的：artificial","manumit":"解放（奴隶）：release from slavery","manuscript":"手稿：written by hand","mar":"污点，坏点：spoils the appearance；破坏，削弱：impair","marginal":"边缘的：near a border；不重要的：not of central importance","marsh":"沼泽，湿地：wet","martinet":"纪律严明之人：strict","marvel":"令人惊奇的事物：surprise, admiration or wonder；（因为壮观、美丽等而）表示惊讶：feel amazement","mash":"捣碎：pulpy mass","masquerade":"面具，伪装：display insincere；伪装，掩饰：disguise","mastery":"技艺超群，精通：great skill","matriculate":"入学；录取：admit or be admitted","maudlin":"过于感伤的：tearfully sentimental","maven":"专家：experienced","maverick":"特立独行之人：does not conform；标新立异的，不合常规的：deviating","mawkish":"过度伤感的：sentimental","meager":"贫乏的：deficient","mean":"卑贱的：ignoble；吝啬的：sharing little；打算，怀有目的：purpose or goal；意味着：convey, show or indicate","meander":"闲逛，漫步：aimlessly and idly","measly":"少得可怜的，微不足道的：small","measured":"深思熟虑的，审慎的：calculated","meddle":"干涉，管闲事：intrude","mediate":"调解，调停：bring about an agreement","mediocre":"平庸的，质量中等偏下的：moderate","meditate":"思索，沉思：focus","medley":"大杂烩，混合物：mixture","meek":"谦恭的：humility；顺从的：submissive","meet":"合适的：very proper","mellifluous":"（曲调）优美的：smooth and sweet","melodramatic":"感情夸张的，伤感的：exaggeratedly emotional","menace":"威胁，使处于危险：intention to harm","mendacious":"撒谎的，虚假的：lies","menial":"仆人，奴仆：servant；卑贱的，低下的：spirit of humility or unseemly submissiveness","mentor":"导师：guide；教导，指导：give advice","mercenary":"（外国军队的）雇佣军：soldier hired；唯利是图的，贪婪的：monetary or material gain","mercurial":"（情绪）善变的：changeableness of mood","meretricious":"艳俗的，俗气的：vulgar manner","merited":"应得的，理所应当的：what is called for","mesh":"诱捕：catch","mesmeric":"催命的，催眠术的：mesmerism；令人着迷的，难以抗拒的：attracting","metamorphose":"（使）变形：change","metaphysical":"哲学上的，理论上的：idea；非尘世的：beyond universe","meteoric":"流星般迅速而短暂的：brevity","methodical":"井然有序的，有条理的：systematic order","meticulous":"极为谨慎的：extreme or excessive care","mettle":"勇气：strength of spirit；毅力，耐力：stamina","miff":"使恼怒：annoyed","migratory":"迁移的：moving from one region to another","milieu":"环境，氛围：physical or social setting","military":"军事的，军用的：soldiers, arms, or war","milk":"榨取（财富、信息等）：coerce profit","mime":"模仿：model","mimic":"仿真的，伪造的：in appearance；滑稽地模仿（以取笑）：copy or exaggerate；模仿：model","minatory":"带来威胁的，有凶兆的：a sign of evil","mince":"切碎：small pieces；小步走：short steps","mingle":"mingle：social；混合，结合：mix","minimize":"将…减到最少：reduce to smallest；刻意低估：underestimate；表示鄙夷：scornfully low opinion","miniscule":"极小的：very small","mint":"巨额：abundant amount；无损坏的：unmarred","minute":"仔细的，谨小慎微的：careful scrutiny；小的，不重要的：of small importance","minutia":"次要的细节，小事：minor detail","mirage":"海市蜃楼，幻想：illusory","mire":"困境：difficult situation；使陷入困境，拖后腿：hold back","mirth":"欢乐，欢笑：gladness laughter","misanthropic":"反人类：deep distrust of human","misapprehension":"错误的理解、判断：failure to understand；wrong judgment","misbehaving":"调皮的，行为不端的：childish misbehavior","mischievous":"调皮的，淘气的：naughty teasing；有害的：causing harm","misconstrue":"误解，曲解：mistake","miscreant":"恶棍，罪犯：behaves criminally","misdemeanor":"轻罪：crime less serious","miserly":"吝啬的：penuriousness","misfortune":"不幸：bad fortune","misgiving":"担忧，忧虑：doubt","mishap":"不幸之事：unfortunate","misrepresent":"误传，篡改：give misleading representation","mite":"微小的东西，很少的钱：small object","mitigate":"减轻痛苦，使缓和：less severe","mobile":"可移动的：capable moving；可变的：changeable","mockery":"鄙视，嘲弄：ridicule；以嘲笑为目的的模仿：derisive imitation","moderate":"使缓和：lessen intensify；适度的，中庸的：within limits","modicum":"少量：small portion","mollify":"平息，抚慰，缓和：calm","mollycoddle":"宠爱，溺爱：excessive indulgence","molt":"脱（羽、皮等）：shed feathers","momentous":"极重要的：utmost importance","momentum":"动力；冲力；势头：impetus","monarch":"君主，帝王：rules；巨头，大亨：person of rank, power, or influence","mongrel":"杂种的，混血儿的：mixed origin","monochromatic":"单色的：one color；单调无味的：lacking variety","monologue":"独白：by one actor","monopolize":"垄断，主宰：compvare control","monotonous":"（声音）单调的：unvarying tone；清一色的，无聊的：tediously unvarying","montage":"大杂烩：collection","moratorium":"延期，暂缓施行：suspension","morbid":"疾病的，疾病所致的：by disease；（思想性格）变态的：unwholesome thoughts","mordant":"尖酸刻薄的：biting caustic","moribund":"即将结束的，垂死的：approaching death；即将过时：obsovare","morose":"忧郁的：sullen, gloomy","mosaic":"综合物，马赛克般的东西：collection","mosque":"清真寺：worship Muslim","moth-eaten":"过时的：passed its time","motile":"能动的：movement","motivate":"刺激，激发：provide incentive","motley":"混杂的，富于变化的：variety","mottle":"标记上杂色斑点：mark spots","motto":"座右铭：guiding principle","mournful":"悲伤的：expressing sorrow","movement":"运动：moving","muddy":"不干净的：not clean；浑浊的，不清晰的：lacking clarity；使难以理解：make unclear","muffle":"使消声：deaden the sound","mulish":"固执的：obstinate","mumble":"说话含糊：utter confused","mundane":"尘世的，世俗化的：relating to world；平凡的：commonplaces","munificent":"慷慨的：liberal in giving","murky":"黯淡的，昏暗的：without light；模糊的，晦涩的：lacking clarity","murmur":"小声的话语：low sound；低声抱怨，发牢骚：grumble","mutate":"（使）改变，（使）变异：undergo mutation","mute":"不说话的，缄默的：refraining from speech；使颜色，音调等柔和：soften；减弱声音：muffle the sound","mutter":"低声抱怨：murmur complainingly","myopic":"缺乏远见的，缺乏辨别能力的：lack of foresight","myriad":"无限的，大量的：indefinite number","nadir":"最低点：lowest point","naive":"  天真纯朴的：lacking worldly experience","narcissism":"自恋：admiration of oneself","nascent":"新生的：recently come into existence","natty":"整洁的，时髦的：tidy","nauseate":"（使）厌恶，（使）作呕：cause disgust","nautical":"航海的：on water","naysay":"拒绝，否认：oppose, deny","nebulous":"模糊的：indistinct","needy":"贫穷的：impoverished","nefarious":"极坏的，邪恶的：wicked","negation":"否定：opposite","negligent":"疏忽大意的：failing care","negotiate":"商量，谈判：by mutual agreement；谋划：plan out","neophyte":"初学者，新手：beginner","nerve":"（坚强的）意志，勇气：power of endurance；给予勇气，鼓励：give courage","nettle":"惹怒：arouse anger","neutralize":"中和：acid undergo neutralization；破坏，使无效：make inoperative or ineffective","nexus":"连结：connection；核心，最重要的地带：greatest importance","nibble":"小口咬：small bites","nicety":"准确，精准：careful details；细微之处：fine point","nil":"不存在，零：nothing","nip":"少量：small amount；小口吃喝：in small amounts","nirvana":"彻底放松的状态：disregardful or unconscious；天堂，极乐世界：utter perfection and happiness","nitpick":"吹毛求疵：criticize","nocturnal":"夜间的：in the night；夜间活动的：active at night","noisome":"有害的，有毒的：harmful；恶臭的：offensive smell；非常令人厌恶的：objectionable","nomad":"游牧的；居无定所的人：no fixed residence","nominal":"不重要的：unimportant；名义上的：something in name","nonchalant":"冷漠：indifference","nondescript":"平凡的，不吸引人的：lacking distinctive, interesting","nonentity":"不重要的人：little consequence；虚构的东西：created no objective reality","nonplus":"使迷惑，使困窘：perplex","nonsense":"无意义的话，废话：no meaning","nostalgia":"思乡之情：homesick；怀旧，怀念：sentimental yearning for return","notch":"刻痕：cut；通过努力获得：obtain","notoriety":"（尤指因为丑闻而出名的）名人：widely known something bad；坏名声：ill fame","nourish":"养育，培养：provide with food；培养，促进：help with growth","novel":"新奇的：new","novice":"新手，初学者：new","noxious":"有害的，有毒的：harmful, injurious to health；产生强烈厌恶的：causing intense displeasure","nuance":"细微的差异：subtle distinction","nudge":"用肘推以引起注意：push elbow；说服某人做某事：persuade","nugatory":"无关紧要的：consequence, inconsequential","nullification":"（尤指法律条文等正式的）废除，废弃：doing away","numb":"失去感觉的：devoid of sensation；麻木的，无感情的：devoid of emotion","nurture":"提供营养：nourishment；培育，培养：provide with understanding","oaf":"愚蠢的人：stupid person","oath":"誓言：formal promise","obdurate":"固执的：resistant influences；冷酷无情的：lack of sympathy","obedient":"服从的，顺从的：submissive authority","obeisance":"敬礼，尊重：respect, submission","obfuscate":"使困惑，使模糊：confused, opaque","obligatory":"强制性的：compulsory；（见得多以至于）无聊的：dull","obliging":"乐于助人的：do favors","oblique":"斜的：inclined or twisted","obliterate":"除去：remove","oblivious":"不知道的，不知情的：lacking awareness, not informed","obloquy":"谩骂，诽谤：abusively language；恶名，耻辱：lost the esteem","obscure":"含义模糊的：not clearly, veiled, uncertain meaning；平凡的，不知名的：famous；使模糊：indistinct","obsequious":"谄媚的，奴性的：fawning attentiveness","observant":"警惕的，警觉的：paying close attention；严格遵守（规章、制度或原则）的：observing","obsess":"迷住的，使困扰：haunt","obsovare":"过时的，被淘汰的：no longer useful","obstinate":"固执的：in spite of persuasion；难以减轻或治愈的：mot easily subdued","obstreperous":"难驾驭的，任性的：unruly；吵闹的：loud and insistent cries","obstruct":"妨碍，给…制造困难：impede, create difficulty；阻挡：prevent passage","obtuse":"愚钝的：absorb ideas readily","obviate":"排除，使不必要：unnecessary","occult":"难以理解的：not easily apprehended, mysterious；使隐藏或神秘：keep secret","odium":"憎恶，讨厌：strong dislike","off-key":"不寻常的，不合适的：out of accord with","offbeat":"不平常的：different from generally found","offhand":"即兴的，没有准备的：without preparation","officious":"多管闲事的：thrusting oneself","offish":"冷淡的：aloof","ominous":"凶兆的：omen, evil","omniscient":"无所不知的：compvare knowledge","onerous":"费时间花心思的：requiring much time, effort","onset":"攻击，进攻：attack, assault；起始，开始：begins","opaque":"不透光的：impenetrable by light, neither transparent translucent；晦涩的：obscure","opine":"表达观点；想，认为：express opinions","opportune":"合适的，恰当的：convenient","opprobrious":"辱骂的：reproach；臭名昭著的，令人鄙视的：infamous","oration":"（颇有野心、自高自大的）演说：high-flown or pompous manner","ordeal":"严峻的考验：severe trial","orient":"使确定方向，使熟悉或适应：determine position, make familiar","original":"创新的：creative, inventive；最初的，最早的：before","orthodox":"传统的：established form, custom, or rules","oscillate":"振动，摇晃：swing；犹豫，变化：vary","ossify":"（使）硬化，（使）僵化：hardened, conventional, opposed to change","ostensible":"表面上的，佯装的：appearing to be true","ostentatious":"卖弄炫耀的：conspicuous, pretentious","ostracize":"驱逐：exclude","oust":"免职：remove from；驱逐：drive out","outgoing":"友好的，外向的：extroverted","outgrowth":"结果，后果：traceable to a cause","outlandish":"古怪的，奇异的：out of the ordinary, bizarre","outmaneuver":"以谋略取胜：overcome","outmoded":"过时的，废弃的：no longer usable","outset":"开端，开始：beginning","outwit":"瞒骗，以智取胜：surpass cunning","overbearing":"专横傲慢的：arrogant；压倒一切的，（在力量或重要性上）势不可挡的；支配的，显著的：overwhelming in power","overlap":"（与…）部分重叠：same area","override":"不顾：set aside","overshadow":"使变黯淡：make dark, dim；（在重要性上）超越，超过：exceed in importance","overt":"明显的，公开的：open","overture":"前言：introductory, preclude；序曲：introduction opera","overwhelm":"淹没：cover；（感情上、精神上）使无所适从，使难以忍受：subject to mental stress","overwrought":"十分激动的，非常不安的：agitation；（装饰、文风等）过分华丽的：excessively decorated","oxymoron":"矛盾修饰法：combination contradictory","pacify":"使平静，安慰：ease the anger","padding":"夸张，废话：go beyond the facts","paean":"欢乐颂：joyous song praise","painstaking":"煞费苦心的：diligent care","palatable":"感到愉悦满足的：pleasure or contentment","palatial":"宫殿般奢华的：ornateness","palaver":"对话，交流：exchange of views；闲聊：profusely or idly","pall":"失去兴趣：interest attraction","palliate":"平息，减轻：less severe intense","pallid":"无生气的，缺乏活力的：lacking radiance vitality；苍白无血色的：pale","palmy":"繁荣的：prosperity","palpable":"摸得到的：capable touched；明显的，易觉察的：obvious","palpitation":"（有节奏的）舒张收缩：expanding and contracting","palter":"欺骗，讨价还价：insincerely deceitfully","paltry":"无价值的，微不足道的：importance；让人厌恶的，让人鄙视的：loathing and disgust","pan":"严厉批评：harsh criticism","panacea":"万能药，万灵药：remedy for all ills","panache":"炫耀：flamboyance","pandemic":"大范围流行的：widespread","pandemonium":"喧嚣，骚动：noise","panegyric":"赞颂之词，颂文：eulogistic","panoramic":"全景的：compvare view","parable":"寓言：teach a basic truth","paradigm":"典范，模范：pattern","paradise":"天堂，极乐世界：perfection and happiness；快乐，狂喜：pleasurable emotion","paradox":"表面矛盾实际可能正确的话，悖论：opposed to commonsense","paragon":"优秀模范：example；把…比作，显示相似：compare","paramount":"最重要的：chief importance","paranoid":"多疑的，对他人极端恐惧和怀疑的：extreme fear of distrust","paraphrase":"转述，意译，改写；in different words","parch":"炽，烤，烤干：dry","parenthesis":"间断：interruption","pariah":"被排斥或鄙视的人：despised or rejected","parity":"相称，同等，平等：being equal","parody":"（以嘲笑原作作者的）模仿作品：imitated for ridicule；模仿（以嘲弄）：copy to make fun","paroxysm":"（感情、动作的）突发：outburst；（政治、社会领域呃）大动荡：disturbance","parrot":"（机械地）模仿，复制：imitate without understanding","parry":"躲避（问题）：evade","parsimonious":"过度节俭的，吝啬的：stinginess","partial":"偏袒的，偏爱的：biased；部分的，不完整的：lacking","particularize":"详述：give details","partisan":"跟随者，信徒：follows；（狂热。坚定的）拥护者，支持者：excessively devoted；偏袒的：one side","partition":"分割，划分：dividing","pastiche":"（带嘲讽的）模仿：imitates with satirical intent；大杂烩：hodgepodge","patent":"显而易见的，明显的：readily visible","pathological":"不正常的，病态的：markedly abnormal","patina":"外表：superficial；（由内而外散发的）氛围，气场：appearance or aura","patrician":"贵族，名门望族：high birth；贵族的，地位高的：high birth","patriot":"爱国者：loves country","patronize":"赞助：provide aid；以高人一等的态度对待：treat haughtily","paucity":"少量，缺乏：dearth","paunchy":"大腹便便的，大肚子的：potbelly","peck":"大量：considerable amount；（不情愿地）小口咬：in small bites","peculiarity":"特征，特点：distinguishing characteristic","pedagogical":"教学的；教师的：teacher or education","pedagogue":"教育者，老师：give formal instruction","pedant":"书呆子，墨守成规之人：formal rules","pedestrian":"行人：traveling on foot；平庸无奇的，令人厌倦的：causing weariness","peel":"剥去...的皮：strip off；脱去（衣服等）：take off clothes","peep":"一瞥：brief look；轻声：slight sound","peer":"同等地位的人，同辈：equal；好奇地凝视：look","peeve":"打扰，惹恼：disturb","pejorative":"轻蔑的，贬低的：disparaging","pellucid":"透明的：admitting light；清晰明确的，易懂的：clear","pen":"监狱：confinement；关押，监禁：close","penalty":"（对罪行的）处罚：punishment","penchant":"嗜好，迷恋：strong inclination","penitent":"悔过的：regretful","pensive":"沉思的，（尤指）哀思的：thinking","penury":"贫穷：dearth；吝啬，节俭：frugality","perambulate":"徒步穿越，走过：travel over","perceptible":"可察觉的：being perceived","perceptive":"敏锐的：sense slight differences；洞察力强的：deep understanding","peremptory":"不容反抗的：not allowing contradiction；爱发号施令的：ordering people；傲慢的：feeling of superiority","perfervid":"非常热情的：exaggerated emotion","perfidy":"不忠，背信弃义：disloyalty","perforate":"打孔，穿透：make a hole","perfunctory":"例行公事的，敷衍的：superficially；不感兴趣的：lacking in interest","perilous":"危险的：potential loss or injury","perimeter":"边界，界限：outer limit","periodical":"期刊：publication；周期性的，有固定间隔的：regular intervals","peripatetic":"巡游的，四处游历的：place to place","peripheral":"外围的：boundary or periphery；辅助性的：supply","perish":"死亡，消亡：cease to exist","permanent":"永恒的：continuing or enduring, forever","permeable":"可渗透的：penetrated","pernicious":"有害的：injurious","peroration":"（演讲的）结束语：concluding part；（正式的）演讲，致辞：formal discourse","perpetual":"永恒的，不断的：continuing forever","perquisite":"额外的好处：given in addition","persecute":"迫害，折磨：cause suffering","persevere":"坚持不懈，不屈不挠：persist","persiflage":"打趣：teasing","persistence":"坚持，持续：lasting existence","personable":"风度翩翩的，吸引人的：attractive","perspicacious":"极敏锐的，有洞察力的：penetrating mental discernment","perspicuity":"清晰明了的：clearness and lucidity","pertain":"有关联的：have a relation","pertinacious":"顽固的，固执地坚持的：sticking","pertinent":"相关的，恰当的：relevance","perturb":"使扰乱，使烦躁不安：trouble the mind","peruse":"细读：examine with great care","pervade":"弥漫，充满：throughout","pessimistic":"悲观的：take the gloomiest possible view","petition":"请愿，正式的申请，申请书：supplication or request；（尤指正式地）请求：,make a request","petrify":"使僵化，使失去活力：become stiff","petty":"细微的，不重要的：small importance","petulant":"易怒的，爱发脾气的：easily irritated","phenomenal":"不寻常的，非凡的：out of the ordinary","philanthropic":"博爱的，为他人着想的：welfare of others","philistine":"市侩（注重物质而鄙视智慧或艺术的人）：guided by materialism","phlegmatic":"冷静的，无感情的，淡漠的：calm, sluggish temperament","piddling":"微不足道的：trifling or trivial","piebald":"杂色的：different colors；混合的，杂糅而成的：different sorts","pigment":"颜料：color；给…上颜色：color","pilfer":"偷窃：steal","pillar":"柱子：support；（物质、精神等方面的）支柱：support","pillory":"当众嘲弄：public contempt","pilot":"领航员，飞行员：steer a ship；初步性的，试验性的：tentative model；带领通过：lead","pine":"渴望，奢望：yearn；因渴望而憔悴：lose vigor","pinnacle":"顶峰：highest point","pinpoint":"非常精确的：extreme precision；精确定位或确认：identify with precision","pioneer":"扩荒者，先驱者：first to settle；最初的，最早的：coming before；开创，创造：open up","pious":"（信仰上）虔诚的：devotion to divine worship；忠诚的：firm in one\'s allegiance","piquant":"辛辣开胃的：pungent taste；令人振奋的：provocative","pique":"使愤怒：arouse anger；激起，刺激：excite or arouse","pirate":"盗版，盗用：without actual right；海岛：robber seas","pitfall":"陷阱：capture and hold animals；（不易察觉的）危害：hidden danger","pithy":"精练的，简洁的：brief","pitiless":"没有同情心的：devoid of pity","pittance":"少量津贴：small portion","pivotal":"最关键的，最为重要的：greatest possible importance","placate":"（通过让步以）平息抚慰：lessen the anger","placebo":"安慰性的事物：used to appease or reassure","placid":"宁静的，风平浪静的：free from storms；冷静的，淡定的：free from agitation","plagiarize":"剽窃，抄袭：steal ideas","plangent":"轰鸣的：loud sound；凄凉的，哀伤的：plaintive","plastic":"可塑的：modified；虚假的，做作的：lacking in natural","plateau":"高原：raised above；稳定时期，平台期：stable level","platitude":"陈词滥调：banal statement；缺乏原创性：lack of originality","plausible":"看似有理的：superficially reasonable","playful":"爱开玩笑的，好打闹的：joking or teasing","pleat":"打褶：fold","plebeian":"平民的，社会下层：low social or economic rank","plentitude":"大量：ample amount","plentitude*":"丰富，充沛：more than sufficient；大量：considerable amount","pliable":"易弯曲的，柔软的：supple；易受影响的，温顺的：easily influenced","pliant":"易弯曲的：easily bent；顺从的：yielding","plight":"困境：unfortunate","plod":"沉重缓慢地走：walk heavily","plodder":"行走缓慢的人：moves slowly","pluck":"敢于面对困难的勇气：courage；弹奏（弦乐）：strings pulling releasing","plumb":"测深度：measure the depth；垂直的：vertical；仔细深入地检查；探索，探究：examine deeply","plummet":"突然下降：decline suddenly","plump":"丰满的：well-around；鼎力支持，赞不绝口：give full support","plunge":"突然下降：descend suddenly；插入，刺入：penetrate","plush":"（味道等）浓郁的：abundance quality；奢华的，豪华的：notably luxurious","poach":"水煮：cook in a liquid","pointer":"（仪表上的）指针：scale indicator；忠告，建议：suggestion or hint","polarize":"使分开对立，使两极分化：break into opposing","polemic":"争执：argument","polished":"有教养的：high degree of refinement；擦亮的：shiny","politic":"精明能干的：shrewdness；合时宜的，明智的：suitable","pompous":"浮夸的：ornate；傲慢的：self-importance","ponderable":"有价值的，值得考虑的：considerable","ponderous":"沉重的：great weight；沉闷无聊的：unpleasantly dull","pontificate":"傲慢地说或做：speak pompous","pore":"仔细浏览，仔细研究：read or study attentively","porous":"多孔可渗透的：admitting liquid","portentous":"预兆性的，凶兆的：sign of evil；勾起兴趣的，令人遐想的：eliciting amazement","poseur":"故作姿态的，不真诚的人：affected insincere","posit":"假定，断定：affirm","postulate":"前提条件：starting point；假定为真：assume true","posture":"姿势，姿态：way of holding the body；故作姿态，装模作样：pretended attitude","potable":"饮品，尤指有酒精饮料：beverage；适于饮用的：suitable for drinking","potentate":"有权势的人：has the power","potentiate":"激活，加强：more active","pout":"（尤指撅嘴或板着脸）表示不悦：show displeasure","practitioner":"职业人士：profession","pragmatic":"实用主义的，务实的：practical approach","prairie":"大草原：treeless grassland","prate":"闲聊，空谈：talk idly","preach":"传道，布道：sermon","precarious":"危险的，不稳定的：lacking security, stability；可疑的，不明确的：uncertain","precedent":"先例，前例：earlier occurrence；先前的：prior","precipice":"悬崖峭壁：steep","precipitate":"匆忙的：careless speed；促使，导致：cause to happen","precipitation":"沉积物，尤指降水：deposit, rain, snow；仓促：disorderly speed","precipitous":"非常陡峭的：steep；匆忙的：careless speed","preclude":"预先阻止：make impossible in advance；排斥：exclude","precursor":"先驱者，先导：precedes","predecessor":"前任，先辈：previously occupied","predestine":"预先注定：in advance","predilection":"爱好，偏袒：disposition favor","preeminent":"优秀的，重要的：paramount","preempt":"预先占有：seize, before others；替换：replace","preen":"整理（羽毛）：smooth feathers；打扮修饰：dress oneself elaborate；自满：take pride","preface":"序言：preliminary statement","pregnant":"重要的，意味深长的：full of meaning；怀孕的：containing offspring","premeditate":"预先考虑：consider beforehand","premeditate*":"预谋：think about beforehand","preoccupation":"非常关系，全神贯注：extreme concern","preponderant":"占优势的，更重要的：superior importance","prepossessing":"给人好感的，有魅力的：impress favorably","preposterous":"荒谬的，不符合常理的：contrary common sense","prerequisite":"先决条件，前提：necessary to an end","prerogative":"特权，权力：right, power, privilege","presage":"征兆：sign or warning；预示，预言：predict","prescience":"预知，先见：knowledge before","prescription":"规定，传统的规矩：rule","preservative":"防腐剂：protect against decay","prestige":"声望，威望：respect","presumptuous":"放肆的，冒昧的：overstepping bounds；傲慢的：feeling of superiority","pretense":"虚假，伪装：pretending deceive；自大，优越感：exaggerated sense of one’s importance","preternatural":"超乎寻常：surpassing usual","prevail":"盛行，战胜：greater in strength","prevalent":"流行的，普遍的：commonly accepted","prevaricate":"支吾其词，撒谎：evade truth","primordial":"原始的，最初的：happening first","primp":"精心打扮：adorn finicky","principal":"主要的，重要的：highest importance, rank","pristine":"纯净的，质朴的，未被文明腐蚀的：pure, free from dirt or decay","privation":"缺乏，穷困：lack","probe":"深入调查：penetrating investigation","probity":"正直：moral standards","proclaim":"宣告，使...公之于众：declare publicly","proclivity":"癖性，爱好：inclination","procrastinate":"（因为懒散）拖延：put off laziness","procure":"获得，取得：get possession","prod":"促使…行动：persuade","prodigal":"挥霍的：spendthrift；败家子：spends freely","prodigious":"巨大的：great in size；惊人的，了不起的：astonishment","profane":"亵渎：treat abuse, irreverence, contempt；滥用：bad or improper use","proffer":"献出，提供：offer","proficient":"熟练的，精通的：advanced competence","profligate":"挥金如土的，挥霍的：wasteful；败家子：spends money freely；堕落的人：below the normal moral standard","profundity":"深奥，深刻：abstruse","profusion":"丰富，大量：abundance；挥霍，浪费：wasteful","prohibitive":"禁止的，阻止的：prohibit, restrain；（价格高得）抑制购买的：purchase","project":"方案，计划：specific plan；凸出：extend outward；预测，预计：based on present data or trends","proliferate":"快速繁殖；激增：grow or multiply by rapidly offspring","prolix":"啰嗦的，冗长的：excessive length","prologue":"序言：preface","prolong":"延长，拖延：lengthen","promulgate":"正式宣布：make known","proofread":"校对：find errors and mark corrections","propagate":"繁殖：increase；传播，宣传：spread out","propensity":"倾向，癖好：inclination","prophetic":"预言的，预示的：foretelling","propitiate":"抚慰，劝解：appease","propitious":"吉祥的：favorably happy outcome","proponent":"建议者，支持者：support","proprietary":"所有权：ownership；私营的：privately owned","propriety":"礼节：conformity socially acceptable；适当，得体：suitable or fitting","prosaic":"单调的，常见的：normal course of events","proscribe":"禁止，排斥：forbid","prosecution":"实行，执行：doing","proselytize":"（使）改变信仰：change religious faith","prospect":"探查，勘探：go into discovery；期待，期望的事物：looking forward to","prosperous":"成功的，繁盛的：vigorous growth, well-being","prostrate":"平躺（的），使平躺：lying flat；衰弱的，使衰竭：weakness","protean":"善变的；多才多艺的：diversity, variety, versatile","protocol":"正确的礼仪规范：correct conduct","prototype":"原型：original model","protract":"延长，拖长：lengthen, prolong","protrude":"突出：project","protuberant":"隆起的，凸出的：thrusting out","provident":"节俭的：frugal, economical；有远见的：awareness for the future","providential":"天意的，幸运（的）：divine intervention","provincial":"狭隘（的）：limited perspective","provisional":"临时的：temporary","provisory":"有附带条件的；临时的：conditional","provoke":"激怒：incite anger；驱使，激起：stir feeling","prowess":"英勇，勇敢：superior, courage","prowl":"潜行于，巡游以猎取食物，徘徊：roam through search of prey","prude":"过分正经的人：一个过分关心自己是否得体、谦逊、或正确的人：greatly concerned seemly behavior and morally","prudent":"明智的：wisdom, judiciousness, wise；小心谨慎的，审慎的：circumspection","prudish":"过分守礼的：prudery","prune":"梅干：plum dried；修剪；修正","pry":"刺探，打听：inquire closely, curiously；","pseudonym":"假名，笔名：fictitious","psychology":"心理学：science mental process and behavior；心理战术：subtle tactical action influence","pucker":"撇（嘴），（使）收缩：contracted","puckish":"淘气的，顽皮的：mischievous, impish","puerile":"幼稚的，不成熟的：immature","puissance":"权力：power","pulchritude":"美丽：beauty","pulverize":"将…研磨成粉；将…彻底摧毁：compvare end","pun":"双关语：humorous","punctilious":"注意细节的，一丝不苟的：attentive details","pundit":"权威人士，专家：opinions authoritative","pungent":"辛辣的，讽刺的：use of wit cause hurt feelings","puny":"微小的，弱小的：inferior size, weak","purity":"纯净；纯洁，纯在：clean, morally pure","purlieu":"常去的地方：socializing；临近的地区：adjoining region","purloin":"偷窃：steal","purvey":"（大量）供给，供应：supply","pusillanimous":"懦弱的，胆小得令人鄙视的：timidity","pvarhora":"过量，过剩：excess","quack":"骗子医生，江湖郎中：pretender","quaff":"大口地喝：drink heartily","quail":"胆怯，畏缩：fear, cower","qualify":"限定：reduce general；使有资格，使有能力：make competent","quandary":"困惑，窘境：perplexity, doubt","quarantine":"隔离：isolation","quarry":"采石场：stone is obtained；目标，猎物：pursuit","quash":"镇压，阻止：put a stop to","quaver":"发颤音：quivering voice","quell":"压制：suppress；使平静，使安静：pacify","quench":"熄灭：put out；使满足：put a compvare end to","querulous":"抱怨的，爱发牢骚的：complaining","quibble":"吹毛求疵：criticize, cavil；牵强之词：微不足道的差别或不切中要点的异议，小反对：minor objection","quiescent":"平静的，静止的：quiet, inactive","quixotic":"不切实际的，空想的：more by ideals than by reality","quota":"配额，限额：proportional","quotidian":"每日的，平凡的：commonplace","rabble":"混乱的人群；暴民；下层群众：disorganized crowd of people","rabid":"狂热的，不冷静的：fanatical","racy":"活泼生动的：vigorous","raffish":"低俗的：crudeness","raffle":"垃圾，废物：discarded, useless","rage":"暴怒：violent anger","ragged":"衣衫褴褛的：threadbare clothes；凹凸不平的，不光滑的：not smooth","rail":"猛骂，猛烈抨击：revile or scold","rakish":"放荡的，行为不检的：lowered moral character","ramble":"漫步，漫游：move aimlessly；漫谈，长篇大论（并经常离题）地说或写：without a topic","rambunctious":"喧闹的，骚乱的：noisy","rampant":"（植物）生长茂盛的：growing thickly；猖獗的，不受限制的：occurring without restraint","ramshackle":"摇摇欲坠的：ready to collapse","rancor":"敌意，深仇：ill will","random":"随机的，随意的：lacking pattern","rankle":"激怒：cause anger","rant":"（尤指长时间的）训斥，责骂：angry scolding；怒吼：noisy, angry or violent manner","rapacious":"食量大的，贪食的：huge appetite；过度贪婪的：covetous","rapport":"和睦，友好：friendly relationship","rapprochement":"和睦，友好：cordial relations","rapscallion":"流氓，恶棍：evil","rapt":"狂喜的，狂热的：pleasurable emotion；全神贯注的：deeply absorbed","rarefy":"使稀薄：make rare","rash":"草率的，仓促的：lack caution","raspy":"声音刺耳的：harsh；容易生气的：easily irritated","ratify":"（官方地）认可，批准：official acceptance","ratiocination":"推理：thought processes","ration":"定额供应量，配给量：amount allotted；按比例分配：share or portion","rational":"合乎逻辑的：logical；理性的：based on reasoning","rave":"狂热赞扬：exaggerated display of affection；（发疯般的）怒吼：talk as if in delirium","ravel":"解开，松开：separate strands；阐明：clarity by separating；使纠缠，使复杂化：tangle","ravenous":"食量大的，贪食的；贪婪的：huge appetite","ravish":"使陶醉，使沉迷：overcome with emotion","raze":"摧毁，粉碎：destroy compvarely","react":"做出反应：in response","reactionary":"反对改革的，极保守的：opposition to progress","ream":"怒斥，训斥：criticize","reap":"收割，收获：receive","reassure":"使安心，打消疑虑：restore to confidence","rebuff":"严词拒绝：reject","recalcitrant":"顽抗的，不顺从的：resistance defiance","recant":"撤回，放弃，改变：withdraw a statement","recessive":"（基因等）隐性的，由隐性基因控制的：does not produce a characteristic effect when present with a dominant allele；内向的，内敛的：not comfortable around people","recidivate":"回到原先的习惯，尤指重新犯罪：return to criminal habits","reciprocate":"往复运动：forward and backward；报答，回报：return","reckless":"不考虑后果的，大胆鲁莽的：careless","recluse":"隐士：lives away；隐居的，不爱社交的：withdrawal from society","recoil":"退却，畏缩：shrink back","reconcile":"使和解，协调：harmony","recondite":"深奥的，难解的：difficult to comprehend","reconnoiter":"侦察，勘查：make a preliminary inspection","reconstitute":"重建，（尤其是通过加水）使复原：restore by adding water","reconvene":"重新集合，重新召集：gather or summon again","rectitude":"正直：moral integrity","recumbent":"躺着的：lying down","recuperate":"恢复（健康或力量），康复：recover health","redeem":"实践，履行（诺言等）：required；改过自新：make better","redolent":"芳香的：fragrance","redoubtable":"杰出的，值得尊敬的：worthy of respect；可怕的：arousing fear","redundant":"多余的，冗余的：exceeding necessary","reel":"感到眩晕：from being twirled around；蹒跚地走路：swaying from side to side","referee":"仲裁者；裁判员：impartially resolves a dispute；（就纠纷或争论）给出意见：give an opinion","refine":"提纯，精炼：free from impurities；改善，改进：improve or perfect","reflect":"反射：change direction；反映，显露：make manifest；思考：think seriously","refractory":"倔强的，不顺从的：resisting control","refreshing":"令人身心振奋的，提神的：renewing effect","refulgent":"辉煌的，灿烂的：shinning radiantly","refute":"否认：declare not to be true；证明为假，证伪：prove wrong","regenerate":"使重获新生，使焕然一新：bring back to life；（使）洗心革面：better in character","regimen":"（政治上的）统治：lawful control","regress":"后退：back；退化，恶化：worse","rehabilitate":"使复原，使康复：restore to healthy condition；（使）洗心革面：better in character","rehearsal":"排练，彩排：practicing in preparation","reign":"统治权：right to command；占统治地位或盛行：be predominant","rein":"抑制，限制：keeping within certain boundaries；抑制，控制：keep from exceeding","reiterate":"重申：state again","rejoice":"欣喜，喜悦：feel joy","relapse":"故态复萌，再犯：fall back","release":"排放：give off；释放，使获得自由：set free；解雇：var go from office","relentless":"残酷的，无情的：no abatement or severity；固执的，不肯妥协的：yielding in one’s purpose","relevant":"有关系的，重要的：having connection","religion":"宗教，信仰：beliefs；（对于宗教信仰的）忠诚，虔诚：loyalty to God","relinquish":"放弃（职位，权力等）：give up；移交，交出：give control or possession","relish":"喜好，偏好：appreciation or liking；（愿望达成时的）高兴，满足感：when wishes are met；享受，喜欢：take pleasure","reluctant":"不情愿的，反感的：showing unwillingness","remiss":"疏忽的，不留心的：carelessness","remnant":"残余，剩余物：left over","remodel":"改造，改变结构：alter the structure","remonstrance":"抗议，抱怨：expression of protect, complaint","remorse":"懊悔，悔恨：bitter regret","remunerate":"支付报酬，补偿：pay","rend":"撕裂，猛拉：tear or split apart","renegade":"背教者，叛徒：rejects allegiance","renege":"放弃，摒弃：formally reject","renounce":"（正式地）放弃：give up；宣布与…决裂：refuse to follow","renovate":"修复，维修：restore；使重获新生，使焕然一新：bring back to life","repartee":"机智的回答：witty response；打趣，善意的玩笑：good-natured teasing","repatriate":"遣返：return to country","repeal":"撤销，废除（法律等）：rescind or annul；宣布与…决裂：refuse to recognize","repel":"抵制：fight against；使厌恶：cause aversion","repertoire":"（技术、设备或原料等的）详单：compvare list","repine":"抱怨、表达不满：express discontent；渴望：long for","replenish":"补充：fill again","replicate":"复制，复刻：make an exact likeness；重复，反复：do again","repose":"（劳作后的）休息：state of resting；平静，宁静：freedom from storm；休息：take a rest；放置，交给他人：safekeeping or another","reprehend":"谴责，责难，批评：express unfavorable opinion","repress":"镇压：put down by force；阻止（正常的表达、活动或发展等）：prevent expression","reprieve":"对...暂缓处刑，免罪：postpone or cancel punishment；维持...的运行：prevent from being closed","reproach":"令人羞愧的事物，耻辱：causes shame；批评，责备：express criticism","reprobate":"堕落者，道德败坏的人：unprincipled person；堕落的，放荡的：morally corrupt；谴责，痛斥：condemn strongly；拒绝，不提供：unwilling to grant","reproof":"批评，反对：criticism","reprove":"温和地责备，警告：scold gently；不欣赏，不喜欢：unfavorable opinion","repudiate":"否认：declare not to be true；拒绝接受：unwillingness to accept","repugnant":"令人厌恶的：arousing aversion；不和谐的，不协调的：not harmony","repulse":"使厌恶，排斥：reject with denial","repute":"（尤指好的）名声，名誉：good reputation","repvare":"彻底吃饱了的：appetite compvarely satisfied；充满…的，富于…的：possessing great numbers","requisite":"必需品：something necessary；必不可少的，必备的：necessary","requite":"酬谢，报答：make repayment；报仇：punish in kind","rescind":"废除，取消：make void","reserved":"内向的，缄默的：restrained","residual":"剩余的，残存的：residue","residue":"剩余物：remains","resign":"辞职，放弃（职位）：give up office","resilience":"弹力：resume original shape；恢复能力：ability to recover quickly","resolute":"坚定的：firm determination","resonant":"（声音）洪亮的，共鸣的：strong in tone","resourceful":"有创造力的，机智的：act imaginatively","respire":"呼吸：inhale, exhale air","respite":"间歇，休息：rest","resplendent":"华丽辉煌的：brilliantly","responsive":"反应的，敏感的：quick to respond","restitution":"补偿，赔偿：for some injury","restive":"急躁的，忧虑的：impatience, uneasiness；难以管束的：resisting control","restless":"不平静的：lack of quite","restrain":"限制，控制：limit, restrict","resurgence":"复兴：restoration","resurrect":"使重生，使复苏：bring back to life","resuscitate":"使复活，使苏醒：restore consciousness","retainer":"家仆：service","retaliate":"报复，反击：pay back","retard":"减速，延迟：cause slowly","retentive":"记性好的：retain knowledge or information","reticent":"沉默不语的：inclined to be silent；不愿意的：slow to begin","retinue":"随行人员：group of retainers","retort":"（尤指机智的）回应，回答：quick, witty reply","retouch":"润饰，改进：improve","retract":"收回，否认：take back","retrench":"削减开支：curtail expenses","retribution":"报酬，报应：reward or punishment","retrieve":"寻回，找回：get back again","retrograde":"倒退的：moving backward；退步，退化：decline","retrospective":"回顾的：looking back","revelry":"狂乐，喧闹的作乐：noisy partying","revenge":"报复，复仇：retaliating；为...复仇：retaliating in kind","reverberate":"回荡，回响：continue or be repeated sound waves","revere":"（尤指对神的）尊崇，尊敬：respect","revise":"更改，修正：improve","revive":"恢复意识：return to consciousness；再获新生：active again","revoke":"撤回，宣告无效：annul","revolt":"使厌恶，使反感：fill with disgust；反叛：renounce allegiance","rhetorical":"语言上的，文字上的：words or language；言辞华丽（却往往无内涵）的：fancy but meaningless","ribald":"（举止、言语）下流粗鄙的：vulgar","rickety":"不稳的：lacking stability","rider":"骑马的人：rides；（议案的）附加条款：appended","ridicule":"嘲笑：make fun","rife":"丰富的，普遍的：great numbers","rift":"分裂，不和：break friendly；使开裂：break","rigmarole":"混乱而无意义的话：confused or meaningless talk","rile":"刺激，惹怒：make agitated","riot":"喧闹，暴乱：public violence","ripen":"使成熟，变成熟：make ripe","rite":"惯例，仪式：prescribed form","rive":"撕开：tear apart","riveting":"吸引人的，极迷人的：absorbing engrossing","rivuvar":"小河，小溪：small stream","robust":"精力充沛的，强壮的，健康的：full of strength","roil":"搅浑，使混乱：stir up；激怒：displease","roisterer":"喝酒喧闹的人：engages in merrymaking","rookie":"新兵；新生；菜鸟：recruit","roster":"值勤表，花名册：list of personnel","rostrum":"讲坛，演讲坛：stage speaking","rouse":"激起，煽动：stir up；唤醒：stop sleeping","royalty":"皇家身份：regal character；版税；专利权税：payment","rubicund":"红润的，健康的：healthy rosiness","rudimentary":"初始的，未发展的：earliest development；最根本的，基础的：first principles","rue":"后悔，遗憾：feeling of regret","ruffle":"皱褶，褶裥花边：strip edge；使粗糙：destroy smoothness；扰乱，打扰：disturb","ruminate":"沉思：go over in the mind","rumple":"使皱，弄皱：form creases；打乱，使不整齐：undo the proper order","run":"（不间断的）连续演出：course of performances","runic":"神秘的：mysterious","rupture":"打破；打碎，破裂：part","ruse":"诡计：subterfuge","rustic":"乡下人，头脑简单的人：awkward or simple person；乡村的：open areas with few buildings；粗俗的：lacking polish","rustle":"快速地行动：move or act with speed","ruthless":"没有怜悯心的，残忍的：no pity","sabotage":"妨害，破坏：hinder a cause；从事破坏活动，阻止：practice sabotage","saccharine":"像糖一样的，有甜味的：sugar；做作的，矫情的：appealing to the emotions","sacrilege":"亵渎圣物：profanation sacred","sacrosanct":"极为神圣的，不可侵犯的：most sacred","saddle":"使某人担负：load","safeguard":"保护措施：prevent accident；保护：make safe","sage":"智者：wisdom","salient":"显著的，最突出的：conspicuously","salubrious":"有益健康的：promoting health","salutary":"有益健康的：promoting health；有利的，利好的：promoting well-being","salutation":"致敬，打招呼（表示欢迎和礼貌）：greeting；赞扬：praise","salvage":"（从灾难中）抢救：save from loss","salve":"减轻：缓解：assuage","sanctify":"使神圣，将...敬为神：make holy","sanctimonious":"假装虔诚的：hypocritically pious","sanction":"批准，同意，许可：make valid；制裁：coercive measure","sanctuary":"避难所：protection","sand":"磨光：make smooth","sanguine":"乐观的，确信的：free from doubt；面色红润的：healthy reddish","sanitary":"健康的，清洁的：health","sap":"削弱：weaken energy vitality；健康，活力：active strength","sapient":"聪明的，有洞察力的：deep understanding, intelligent","sarcasm":"讽刺，轻蔑：ironic","sartorial":"裁缝匠的，裁缝的：clothes","sate":"使饱足，充分满足：satisfy fully","satiate":"（使）饱足（的），过分满足（的）：satisfy fully","satire":"讽刺诗，讽刺文学：literary ridicule","satirize":"讽刺：ridicule","saturate":"使饱和，浸透：wet thoroughly","saturnine":"忧郁的，阴沉的：lacking in cheer；讽刺的：sardonic","saunter":"闲逛，漫步：by foot","savant":"博学之士，学者：learning","savory":"口感好的，味道好的：appetizing taste, smell；令人愉悦的，pleasure or contentment","savvy":"老练，机智：knowledge actually doing；明确了解：clear idea of；有见识的，精明能干的：practical cleverness or judgment","scads":"许多，大量：large number","scant":"不足的，缺乏的：scarcely","scathing":"尖酸刻薄的：cause hurt feelings","schism":"不一致：lack of agreement","scintillate":"闪耀：sparks","scion":"子孙：descendant","scission":"切断，分离，分裂：division","scoff":"嘲笑：derision, mock；狼吞虎咽：eat greedily","scorch":"炙烤，烘干：burn, make dry","scorn":"轻蔑，鄙视，不屑：reject contemptible","scotch":"停止：put an end to","scour":"用力擦洗：wash vigorously；搜查：to find or discover","scourge":"祸害：source of harm","scowl":"皱眉（表现出不高兴）：expression displeasure","scrap":"废料，废物：discarded or useless；抛弃：get rid of；终止，放弃原计划：put an end to","scrappy":"好斗的，好吵架的：aggressive","scrawl":"乱涂，潦草地写：write carelessly","screen":"掩护物，屏障：shelters, protects, or hides；保护，使...免受攻击：drive attack away；掩护，遮蔽：shut off from view","scribble":"潦草地书写，乱写：meaningless","scrimp":"节俭：avoid waste","scruple":"（良心上的）不安：uneasy feeling about the rightness","scrupulous":"正直的：principled；一丝不苟的：great care and effort","scrutable":"可以理解的：understood comprehensible","scrutinize":"仔细检查：observe great care","scuff":"（使）磨损：roughened by wear；脚步拖沓：move heavily","scurrilous":"说粗话的：vulgar","scurvy":"下流的，让人鄙视的：contemptible","seamy":"肮脏的，堕落的：sordid, base","secede":"脱离，拖出（组织、团体、联盟等）：withdraw from an organization","secluded":"僻静的，隐蔽的：hidden","secrete":"隐藏：conceal；分泌：generate","sectarianism":"宗派主义，顽固：adherence prejudices","secular":"世俗的，尘世的：worldly or temporal","sedate":"淡定的，安静的：free from agitation","sedentary":"固定不动的：not migratory","seduce":"劝说（使不忠，使不服从），诱...误入歧途：persuade","sedulous":"勤奋认真的：careful perseverance","seemly":"得体的，遵守礼节的：following the established traditions","segment":"分割；部分：separate","self-abasement":"自卑，自谦：humiliation","self-absorbed":"自恋的，自私的：absorbed in one\'s own","seminal":"有发展性的：contributing later development；创新的：creative","sensation":"感觉，知觉：sense；轰动事件：intense interest","sensitive":"敏感的：susceptible","sentinel":"哨兵，看守：watches over","septic":"腐败的，感染的：putrefaction","sepulchral":"阴沉的，丧葬的：lacking in cheer","sequel":"结果：result","sequela":"结果：secondary result","sequester":"使隔离，分离：segregate；使隐退：seclusion","sere":"干枯的，凋萎的：dried, withered","serendipity":"意外发现珍奇（或称心）事物的本领：by accident","serene":"安静的：free from uproar；稳重的，镇静的：unaffected, calm","sermon":"布道，说教：public speech moral","serpentine":"弯曲的：winding","serrate":"锯齿状的：notched","serried":"密集的：little space","servile":"低下的，卑屈的：submissive, abject","severe":"严厉的，要求严格的：exacting standards；难以承受的，艰难的：difficult to endure","shackle":"束缚：restrictions；限制，阻碍：create difficulty","shadow":"偷偷尾随：secretly trail；遮蔽，（使）变暗：gloomy","shallow":"浅显的，浅薄的：lack of depth of understanding","sham":"欺瞒：deceitfulness；掩饰，假装：present a false appearance；虚假的：fake","shift":"改变...的位置：change position；改变，变化：pass from；交换：in return","shiftless":"胸无大志的，懒惰的：lacking ambition","shifty":"（显得）狡诈的，（显得）欺诈的：deceitful character","shipshape":"井然有序的：order","shirk":"逃避，规避：keep away from","shoal":"浅的：little depth","shopworn":"陈旧的：worn-out","shred":"少量：small amount","shrewd":"精明的，机敏的：cleverness or judgment；刺骨的，强烈的：discomfort","shrink":"（在数量或价值方面）降低，减小：reduced；（使）本能性地退却（如因遇到使人惊恐的事物），（使）退缩：draw back；表示出不情愿，犹豫：hesitate","shroud":"隐蔽物，可起隐蔽、保护或屏护作用的物体：conceals, protects, screens；将...从视线中隔离，遮蔽：shut off from sight","shrug":"轻视，忽略：dismiss；脱下（衣物等）：rid","shun":"避开，避免：keep away","sidestep":"（通过逃避而）不遵守：avoid having to comply with","signal":"（在重要性、成就方面）非同寻常的：standing above；给出信号：direct or notify","simile":"明喻：comparing two unlike things","simpvaron":"（缺乏常识的）笨蛋：lacking in common sense","simulate":"假装，模仿：take on the appearance；模拟：create a representation","sin":"罪恶的事：highly reprehensible","sincere":"真诚的，不做作的：without pretense","sinecure":"美差：requires little or no work","sinew":"活力，力量：vigorous strength","singe":"轻微烧焦：burn superficially","sinuous":"蜿蜒的，迂回的：irregular curves","sip":"（尤指小口地）喝：swallow in liquid form","skeptic":"怀疑者：doubts, questions or disagrees","skevaron":"骨架，框架：structural framework","skimp":"缺乏的，不足的：less plentiful；节省花费，吝啬：give insufficient funds","skirmish":"小冲突，争论：minor","skirt":"界限，边界：marks the outer limit；绕行，避开：go around","skittish":"容易受到惊吓的，胆小的：easily frightened；容易激动的：easily excited；善变的，多变的：likely to change","slack":"松弛的：not tightly fastened；疏忽的，大意的：failing to give proper care","slake":"使满足：satisfy","slant":"（看待问题、思考的）角度，看法：way of looking；倾斜的：slanting direction；歪曲（事实等）：create a wrong impression","slate":"列入名单，计划，安排：put on a list","slew":"大量，许多：large amount","slight":"不重要的：deficient in weight；轻微的：small in degree；轻蔑，看不起：treat with disdain；忽略，疏忽：fail to give proper attention","sling":"投掷：send through the air","slippery":"光滑的：slide；隐秘的：acting in secret；意义不明确的：not precise in meaning","slipshod":"粗心的，随意的：indifference to exactness, precision, and accuracy","sloppy":"邋遢的，不整洁的：lacking neatness；混乱的：lacking in order","sloth":"怠惰，懒惰：disinclination to action","slouch":"懒人：lazy person；缓慢行走：move slowly","slovenly":"邋遢的，不整洁的：lacking neatness","sluggard":"懒人：lazy person","sluggish":"缓慢的，迟缓的：slow in movement；迟钝的，反应慢的：slow to respond","slumber":"睡着：sleep","slur":"耻辱：mark of guilt；含糊地发音：indistinctly；疏忽，忽略：without due, consideration","sly":"狡猾的：clever or cunning；隐秘的，偷偷的：acting in secret","smarmy":"虚情假意的，过分恭维的：hypocritically","smart":"反应敏捷的，聪颖的：sharp quick thought；整洁的：strikingly neat；感到疼痛，感到痛苦：suffer acutely","smattering":"浅薄的知识：superficial knowledge；少量：small amount","smirk":"（自鸣得意地）笑：offensively self-satisfied","smother":"使窒息：killed by lack of air；抑制（表达，说出），压制：refrain","smug":"自大的，自鸣得意的：opinion of oneself；整洁的，有序的：good order","smuggling":"走私，私运：importation or exportation contrary to the law","snare":"无法逃脱的困境：catches and holds；捕捉：capture by","snarl":"纠缠，纠结：twist；咆哮，怒吼：to anger","sneer":"（轻蔑地）嘲笑：scornful","snobbish":"谄上傲下的，自大的：offensive air of superiority","snub":"轻视，不理睬：contempt or neglect","soak":"使...湿透：make thoroughly wet","sober":"严肃的：serious-looking；节制的：restraint；有理有据的：sound reasoning","sodden":"湿透的：penetrated by water；使...湿透：wet thoroughly","solace":"安慰：comfort in sorrow；安慰，安抚：console","solder":"连接，联合：unite","solemnity":"庄严，严肃：solemn","solicitous":"为他人操心的，体谅他人的：happiness of others；迫切的，渴望的：urgent desire","solid":"固态的，坚固的：not easily yield to pressure；有理有据的：sound reasoning；坚定的，不迟疑的：not showing weakness","soliloquy":"（尤指自言自语的）独白：without addressing a listener","solitude":"孤独，避世：being alone","solvent":"有偿付能力的：able to pay debts；溶剂：another substance is dissolved","somatic":"肉体的：of the body","somber":"昏暗的，无光的：shaded；悲伤的，不愉快的：lacking in cheer","somnolence":"瞌睡，嗜睡：needing sleep","sonnet":"十四行诗：14-line verse form","soothe":"带来慰藉，安慰：bring comfort；使镇静，使安心：free from distress；弱化，缓解：less severe","sop":"安慰物：placate or soothe；贿赂，回扣：improperly influence a person\'s conduct；浸湿，湿透：wet thoroughly","sophism":"假推理，诡辩：deceptive argumentation","sophisticated":"精明的，老于世故的：worldly knowledge or refinement；复杂的：complex","soporific":"催眠的药剂，安眠药：induces sleep；催眠的：cause sleep；慵懒的，困倦的：sleepiness or varhargy","sordid":"肮脏的，不干净的：not clean；卑鄙的：baseness","sound":"牢固的，不可动摇的：withstand stress without structural damage；健康的，强壮的：free from injury；（逻辑）上严谨的：valid reasoning","sparing":"节俭的，节约的：careful restraint；不足的，缺乏的：less plentiful","sparse":"稀疏的，稀少的：less plentiful","spartan":"简朴的，节约的：simplicity","spat":"（小的）争吵：quarrel","spate":"突发的洪水：sudden flood；大量：large number","specific":"特有的，独特的：exact sort；明确的：clearly expressed","specious":"似是而非的，欺骗性的：false look of truth","speck":"小点，少量：small amount","spectator":"观众，目击者，旁观者：watches","spectrum":"光谱，范围，系列：sequence or range","speculate":"推测，揣测：take to be true；投机倒买：from market fluctuations","spendthrift":"挥霍家，败家子：spends improvidently；挥霍的，不节俭的：spending money freely","spent":"精疲力竭的：drained of energy","spindly":"细长纤弱的：frail or flimsy","spiny":"多刺的：spines；棘手的，麻烦的：requiring exceptional skill","spleen":"怒气，怨恨：anger or ill will","splice":"接合，叠接：unite","splinter":"尖细条，刺：sharp, slender piece；将...切成细条：break into sharp, slender pieces","splutter":"急切而不清楚地说：hastily and incoherently","spontaneous":"自发的，不经思索的：without apparent thought","spoof":"轻松幽默的模仿，小恶搞：exaggerates for comic effect；诱骗，诱使相信：believe what is true","sporadic":"偶尔的，零星发生的：not often occurring","sprawl":"杂乱无序地发展；蔓生，蔓延：irregularly","sprightly":"活泼的，充满活力的：full of vitality","spur":"刺激物：arouses action；支撑物：holds up；刺激，激励：incite","spurious":"假的，伪造的：lacking authenticity","spurn":"摒弃，拒绝：reject with disdain","squabble":"口角，小争吵：quarrel","squalid":"污秽的，肮脏的：dirty；道德败坏的：repulsive","squall":"（通常伴随雨或雪的）风暴，暴风雪，暴风雨：violent windstorm；尖叫：scream","squander":"使分散：apart；浪费：spend wastefully","squat":"又矮又胖的：broad in build, short in stature","squeamish":"恶心的，晕船的：nausea","squelch":"压制，镇压（运动）：stop by force；击溃，使无言以对：put down or silence","squint":"斜视，睥睨：glances sideways","stabilize":"使稳定；变得稳定：make or become stable","stalwart":"无所畏惧的：no fear；（体魄等）强健的：strength vigor；坚定的：firm, resolute","stamina":"耐力：moral strength；","stammer":"口吃，结巴：speak with pauses","startle":"使吓一跳，使大吃一惊：frighten or surprise","stasis":"平衡，停滞：balance","static":"静态的；停滞的：lack of movement；无改变的：little change","stature":"高度，身高：height；才干，水平：quality, status","staunch":"忠诚的，坚定的：steadfast in loyalty","steadfast":"坚定的，忠诚的：firm in belief","stealth":"秘密行动：proceeding furtively；秘密的：not to attract attention","steep":"浸泡：make wet；陡峭的：approaching perpendicular；过分的，过高的：beyond limit","stench":"臭气，恶臭：foul odor","stentorian":"声音洪亮的：loud","stereotype":"成见，老套的理念：conventional, formulaic, and oversimplified opinion","sterile":"贫瘠的：not productive；无菌的：free from bacteria","stickler":"坚持细节的人，一丝不苟的人：insist on exactness","stiff":"僵硬的，无法弯曲的：lacking suppleness；（在社交场合）缺乏优雅的，不自在的：lacking social grace；过分的，过高的：beyond limit；艰苦的，费力的：requiring effort","stifle":"抑制（声音、呼吸等）；阻止，扼杀：hold back","stigma":"耻辱，污名：mark of shame","stigmatize":"使蒙上污名：disgraceful or ignominious","stingy":"小气的，吝啬的：unwilling；极少量的：less plentiful","stint":"吝惜，节省：be frugal","stipple":"（雕刻时）点刻，用点标记：mark with small spots","stipulate":"规定，特定要求：specify agreement","stitch":"突然剧痛：sharp unpleasant sensation","stock":"库存，储备：inventory；普通的，常备的：commonly used","stockade":"栅栏，围栏：enclosure；监狱：confinement","stodgy":"平庸的，乏味的：dull；非常守旧的：old-fashioned","stoic":"隐忍的，冷静的：unaffected by pleasure or pain","stoke":"添加燃料：supply fuel；增大，促进：make greater","stolid":"无动于衷的，感情麻木的：little emotion","stomach":"容忍：bear","stonewall":"拒绝（合作），阻挠：uncooperative, obstructive","stouthearted":"勇敢的：stout, spirit","strait":"海峡：channel joining water；痛苦：suffering","strand":"绳，线之一股：single filament；遗弃，使置之困境：leave in a unfavorable place","stratagem":"谋略，策略：deceiving","stratify":"将...分成各种等级：divide into classes","stray":"漫无目的：lacking purpose；离群，迷途，偏离：move away, deviate","strength":"力量：ability to exert effort；（抵抗攻击、压力的）强度：ability to withstand force","striate":"加条纹：mark with striations","stricture":"责难，批评：criticism","stride":"迈大步走：long steps","strident":"刺耳的：harsh sound","strike":"攻击：force or violence；铸造（奖牌）：form by stamping；击打：deliver a blow；袭击，攻击：violent action；撞击：forceful contact","stringent":"紧绷的：tight；严格的：marked by rigor","strip":"脱衣，剥去：remove clothing","strut":"趾高气昂地走：walk pompous；支柱，压杆strengthen a framework","studio":"工作室，画室，摄影室：working place of a painter","stultify":"使无效，抑制：render futile","stunt":"阻碍（成长）：hinder growth","stupor":"迟钝，麻痹，无知觉：suspended sense","sturdy":"强健的，结实的：strengthen","stygian":"极阴暗的：extremely dark","stymie":"阻碍：present an obstacle","subdue":"使顺从；征服：conquer","subject":"臣民，受支配的人：under authority；取决于（其他因素）的：under the influence","subjugate":"征服，镇压：bring under control；剥夺...的自由：make subservient","sublime":"崇高的，庄严的：high moral；（因为杰出、尊贵、美丽等而）令人惊叹的：inspire awe","subliminal":"下意识的，潜在意识的：below perception","submerge":"使淹没：under water","submissive":"服从的，顺从的，恭顺的：submitting","subordinate":"下级的，次要的：lower rank；征服：under one\'s control","subservient":"奉承的，屈从的：obsequiously","subside":"下陷，下沉，减弱：tend downward","subsidiary":"次要的：secondary importance；起辅助作用的：aid, support","subsidy":"补助金，津贴：monetary support","substantial":"物质的：having substance；有重大意义的：considerable in importance","substantiate":"证实：support with proof；使实体化：give material","substantive":"本质的，关键的：relating to the essence","substitute":"取代者，替代品：takes the place of another；取代，替代：take the place of","subterfuge":"诡计：deception to conceal","subtle":"微妙的，难以感知的：difficult perceive；巧妙的，间接或带有欺骗性的：clever deceptive means","subvert":"颠覆：overturn","succinct":"简明的，简洁的：clear, precise","succor":"救援，援助：aid","succumb":"屈服：yield to superior strength；死亡：death","suffocate":"使窒息：deprive of oxygen","suffuse":"（色彩等）弥漫，染遍，充满：spread through","sulk":"生气，愠怒：resentment","sullen":"闷闷不乐的：lacking in cheer","summary":"摘要：abstract；就地的，立即的：on the spot","summit":"顶点：highest point","summon":"召集，召唤：call together；传唤（出庭、出席）：command to appear in court","sumptuous":"豪华的，奢侈的：extremely luxurious","sunder":"分裂，分离：break apart","supercilious":"高傲的，傲慢的：haughty","superficial":"表面的，肤浅的：lacking depth","superfluous":"多余的，过剩的：exceeding sufficient","superimpose":"添（声）加（色）（使形象、某因素或性质更加清楚）：add distinct","supersede":"取代，替代：displace","supine":"懒散的，倦怠的，消极的，漠不关心的：varhargy, indifference","supplant":"排挤，篡夺...的位置：usurp the place of","supple":"易弯曲的，柔软的：bent, pliant","supplement":"增补，补充：compvare for a deficiency","supplicate":"恳求，乞求：make a request earnest or urgent","supposition":"猜想，推测：little or no evidence","suppress":"抑制（表情）：inhibit the expression；用暴力终止，镇压：put a stop to, force","surcharge":"过高收费：charge much","surfeit":"（使）过量，（使）饮食过度：supply excess","surly":"脾气不好的：churlish in mood","surmise":"（根据不足的）推测，揣测：based on scantly evidence","surmount":"战胜，获得胜利：achieve a victory","surpass":"超越，强于：become better；突破（界限、纪录等）：beyond the limit","surrender":"交出，放弃，投降：give over to；使沉溺于：give（oneself）over","surreptitious":"偷偷摸摸的，保密的：escape being observed","surrogate":"替代品：takes the place","surveillance":"监视，监控：close observation","susceptibility":"易受感染的性质或状态：little resistance","suspend":"暂停，中止：bring to a formal close；悬挂：hang","suture":"缝合：joining","svelte":"（女人）体态苗条的，优雅的：slim","swagger":"大摇大摆地走，趾高气昂地走：arrogant, pompous；自夸，吹嘘：boast","swear":"咒骂：curse；宣誓：oath","sweltering":"酷热的：hot","swerve":"突然改变方向：turn aside abruptly","swill":"痛饮，大口地吃：drink greedily, eat greedily","swindle":"欺骗，骗取：cheat","sybarite":"沉溺于奢侈逸乐者，酒色之徒：devoted luxury","sycophant":"马屁精：flatter","syllabus":"提纲，摘要；课文、演讲或研究课题的概要或提纲：summary","syllogism":"由一般到个别的推理，演绎：reasoning, deduction","symbiosis":"共生关系：living together","symmetry":"对称：balanced proportions","synchronous":"同时期的，同步的：identical period phase","synergic":"合作的：cooperating","synonymous":"同义的：same similar meaning","synopsis":"摘要，概要：outline, abstract, summary","synthesis":"合成，综合：combination","tacit":"暗示的：implied, not actually expressed","taciturn":"沉默寡言的，话少的：disinclined to talk","tackle":"着手处理：start work","tact":"机敏，精明，不冒犯：keen sense, maintain good relations","tactile":"有触觉的，能触知的：touch tangible","tactless":"不机智的，笨拙的：inconsiderate, indiscreet","taint":"使（品质）污损：morally bad","talisman":"护身符：bring good luck, keep away evil","tame":"被驯化的：reduced from a state of native wildness；无聊的，乏味的：lacking spirit；控制，抑制：keep from exceeding","tamper":"恶意篡改，损害：mischievously；玩弄：rashly or foolishly","tangent":"离题（的），不相关（的）：irrelevant","tangible":"可感知的：capable perceived；确凿的，真实的：real or concrete","tangle":"困惑，不解：perplexity；纠缠，使....纠结：in a snare","tangy":"刺激的：powerfully stimulating","tantalize":"激起，挑逗，引诱：excite","tantamount":"等价的，与...相等的：equivalent","tantrum":"勃然大怒，发脾气：bad temper","taper":"（使）逐渐变细：become narrower, thinner；逐渐减少，减弱：diminish gradually","tardy":"缓慢的，迟缓的：slowly；延后的，迟的：delayed","tarnish":"玷污：morally bad","tasty":"美味的；令人愉悦的：pleasure or contentment","tatty":"破旧的，褴褛的：shabby","taunt":"嘲弄性质疑，挑衅：challenge, jeer at","taut":"紧绷的：not loose；整洁的：proper order, trim shape","tawdry":"俗丽的，花哨而庸俗的：gaudy","taxing":"繁重的，费力的：requiring much time, effort","tedious":"冗长乏味的：tiresome, dullness, boring","teeming":"大量的：great numbers","teeter":"蹒跚，不稳定地行走：unsteadily；犹豫不决：uncertainty","teetotalism":"禁酒： abstinence alcoholic","telling":"有效的，显著的：effective","temerity":"鲁莽，冒失：foolhardy, recklessness","temperate":"（言行举止）有分寸的：avoiding extremes；有节制的：restraint","tempestuous":"突然的，剧烈的：sudden or violent","temporal":"世俗的，尘世的：earthly life","temporize":"行动躲躲闪闪以争取时间、躲避争论等：act evasively","tenable":"有据可依的，无懈可击的：capable defended, reasonable","tenacious":"顽固的，不屈不挠的：persistent；粘着的：adhere to","tendentious":"有偏见的：biased","tender":"正式提出：offer；考虑周到的，关心同情的：sympathy consideration","tentative":"暂时性的，尝试的：not fully developed","tenuous":"没有实际内容的，空洞的：little substance","tepid":"不太热心的：little or no interest","terminology":"专业术语：special terms or expressions","terminus":"终点，终点站：end","terror":"极度恐惧：intense fear","terse":"简洁的，简明的：brief","testimony":"证词，声明：authentication","testy":"易怒的，暴躁的：easily annoyed, irritable","tether":"（用绳、铁链）拴系、束缚：fasten, restrain；能力或忍耐力的极限：limit","theatrical":"做作的，夸张的，矫揉造作的：exaggerated unnatural","therapeutic":"治疗的，有疗效的：treatment disease","thick-skinned":"冷漠无情的，不顾他人感受的：unaffected","thorny":"多刺的：full of thorns；棘手的：difficulties","threadbare":"陈腐的：hackneyed；贫穷的：lacking possessions；破烂的：worn or torn","thrill":"强烈的兴奋感，快感：pleasurably intense stimulate；使兴奋，使激动：excitement","throng":"大量聚集：crowd in great numbers","thwart":"阻挠：oppose","ticklish":"易怒的：easily offended；棘手的，对技巧要求高的：exceptional skill or caution","tiff":"小争吵：petty quarrel","tightfisted":"吝啬的：stingy","timely":"及时的，无拖延的：without delay；恰到好处的，合乎时宜的：appropriate","timeworn":"陈腐的：hackneyed","timid":"胆小的，不自信的lacking courage, self-confidence","timorous":"胆小的：fearful","tinge":"给...着上少量的色彩：color, tint","tinker":"乱修，乱调整：thoughtlessly","tint":"涂浅色，微染：slight coloration to","tirade":"长篇抨击性演讲：angry censorious or denunciatory","toady":"马屁精；拍马屁：flatters, gaining favors","tonic":"滋补的，有益健康的：stimulating vigor, beneficial","topsy-turvy":"混乱的：lacking in order","topsy-turvy*":"混乱的，不整洁的：lacking in order, neatness","torpid":"麻木的，没有知觉的：sensation；迟钝的，行动迟缓的：slow","torpor":"缺乏兴趣：lack of interest；（肉体或精神上的）迟钝，懒散：inertness","torrential":"急流的：rapidstreams","torrid":"酷热的：intensely hot；热情的，情感深厚的：great depth of feeling","tortuous":"转弯抹角的：indirect","tout":"极力赞扬：praise","toy":"草率或不认真地对待：handle thoughtlessly","tractable":"易驾驭的，温顺的：giving in","tranquility":"宁静，淡定：freedom from storm","transcend":"超越，超过极限：beyond the limits","transfigure":"使改变外观：alter appearance, transform","transgress":"违背，犯错：fail to keep, commit an offense","transient":"短暂的，瞬时的：transitory","transitory":"短暂的：lasting only a short time","translucent":"透明的：permitting passage light, transparent","transparent":"透明的：capable of transmitting light；没有歧义的，清晰易懂的：not subject to misinterpretation","travail":"辛苦劳动：arduous","traverse":"横穿：pass across","travesty":"拙劣的，嘲弄性模仿：exaggerated imitation","treacherous":"背叛的：betrayal","trenchant":"锐利的：sharp；（言辞）一针见血的：articulate","trepidation":"恐惧，战栗：apprehension","trespass":"非法入侵；违反；冒犯：enter unlawfully offense","tribute":"称颂，颂词：declaration gratitude","trickle":"一滴一滴地流，缓缓地流：fall in drops","trifle":"不重要的事：little importance or value；不正经地对待，玩弄：without serious intent","trifling":"细微的，不重要的：lacking in significance","trite":"陈腐的，陈词滥调的：hackneyed","trivial":"琐碎的，无足轻重的：little importance","truant":"逃避责任（的）；逃避责任者：shirking responsibility, shirks duty","truce":"休战，休战协定：suspension fighting","truculent":"尖酸刻薄的：harsh insulting；好战的，好斗的：eagerness to fight","trudge":"吃力而笨拙地走：heavily or clumsily","trumpet":"大声说出或宣告：make known","truncate":"截短，缩短（时间、篇幅等）：shorten","truss":"系紧，扎紧：into a tight mass","tumult":"骚乱，暴动：disorderly, disturbance","turbid":"混浊的：deficient in clarity","turbulent":"动荡的：disturbance；湍急的，汹涌的：turmoil","turgid":"浮夸的，过分装饰的：embellished","turmoil":"骚动，混乱：agitation, commotion","turncoat":"叛徒：switches, traitor","turpitude":"卑鄙：baseness","twig":"了解：have a clear idea","tycoon":"大亨，巨头：person of rank, power, influence","typo":"打字错误：error","tyrant":"暴君：oppressively or brutally","tyro":"新手，业余爱好者：beginner, novice","ubiquitous":"无所不在的，普通的：everywhere, often observed","umbrage":"不悦，生气：feeling of being offended or resentful","unanimous":"一致同意的：consent of all","unassailable":"无可争辩的，无法否认的，不可亵渎的：not to be violated","unavailing":"徒劳的，无果的：producing no results","uncanny":"离奇的，奇异的：extraordinary or abnormal","uncouth":"粗俗的，没有品位的：lacking in refinement","unctuous":"油嘴滑舌的，谄媚的：flattering；夸张的，做作的：affected, exaggerated","underdog":"受害者，输家： loser/victim","undergird":"加强，巩固...的底部：strengthen","undermine":"削弱，破坏：weaken, injure, impair","underscore":"强调：to emphasize","understate":"保守陈述：restraint","understudy":"替补演员：take another\'s duties","unexceptionable":"无懈可击的：beyond reproach","unflappable":"镇定的，从容不迫的：not easily upset","ungainly":"笨拙的，不雅的：inability in a graceful manner","unimpeachable":"无可置疑的：unquestionable","unkempt":"凌乱的，无序的：lacking in order","unpretentious":"低调的，谦逊的：modest；坦诚的，自然的：free from deceive","unproductive":"徒然的，无效的：not productive","unremitting":"连续不断的：without any interruptions","unrequited":"无报答的，无报酬的：not reciprocated","unruly":"难驾驭的，不守规矩的：difficult to discipline","untenable":"防守不住的，站不住脚的：defended","untold":"数不清的，无数的：numerous","untoward":"倒霉的，不吉利的：not favorable, unpropitious；难以驯服的，难以驾驭的：resisting control or discipline","unvartered":"未受教育的，文盲的：deficient in the knowledge, illiterate","unwitting":"不知道的，未觉察的：unware；偶然的，并非有意的：by chance, not intended","unwonted":"不习惯的，不寻常的：not habitual, ordinary, unusual","upbraid":"（严厉地）谴责，责骂：reproach severely","uphold":"支持，赞成：support","urbane":"彬彬有礼的，文雅的：polite","usurp":"篡夺，篡位：seize power without legal authority","utter":"出（声），说（话）：articulate；完全的，绝对的：entire","vaccinate":"预防接种疫苗：produce immunity","vacillate":"犹豫不决：hesitate；摇动，摇摆：oscillate","vacuous":"茫然的，愚蠢的：lack of intelligence","vagary":"不可预测的思想或行为：erratic, unpredictable","vague":"表达不清的：not clearly expressed；轮廓不清晰的：lacking definite shape","valediction":"告别：bidding farewell；告别词：address farewell","valiant":"勇敢的，英勇的：bravery","valid":"逻辑上正确的：correct","vanquish":"打败，征服：defeat","vapid":"无趣的，乏味的：lacking interest","vaporize":"使（液体）蒸发：convert by heat；彻底消灭：destroy","varhal":"非常有害的，致命的：extremely harmful","varhargic":"没精打采的，行动迟缓的：sluggish","variance":"不一致，不和谐：lack harmony","variegated":"杂色的，斑驳的：different colors","varnish":"上清漆，使有光泽：smooth glossy；粉饰（令人不悦的东西）：conceal unpleasant","vault":"跳起，跳跃：propel oneself upward；一跃而至：leaping suddenly","vaunt":"吹嘘：boastfully","veer":"（使）转向，（使）改变航线：change direction","vehement":"（情感）强烈的，热情的：great depth of feeling","venal":"贪污受贿的：open to corrupt","vendor":"小贩，商贩：sells","veneer":"薄木板，用以贴在家具外面的饰面板：thin surface layer, wood；粉饰（不好的东西）：conceal defect","venerate":"尊敬：regard with respect","venial":"可宽恕的：easily excused","venom":"毒液：poisonous matter；恶意，恶毒的用心：desire to cause pain","veracious":"诚实的，说实话的：telling the truth；精确的，准确的：precise","verbatim":"逐字地，一字不差地：exact words","verbose":"冗长的，啰嗦的：more than necessary","verdant":"（因长满植物而）翠绿的，郁郁葱葱的：green with vegetation","verify":"校验，证实：determine accuracy","verisimilar":"貌似真实的：appearing to be true","veritable":"真正的，确实的：not false","vernacular":"方言：nonstandard language；非正式的，口头的：suitable for speech","versatile":"多才多艺的，全能的：different things；易改变的：fluctuating readily","verse":"使精通，使熟悉：familiarize；诗歌：rhythm lyrical effect","versed":"熟知的：having information；精通的：exceptional knowledge","vertigo":"眩晕：dizzy","verve":"活力，热情：vitality","vessel":"管：tube body fluid；船，舰艇：watercraft","vestige":"微小的痕迹；小痕迹：smallest trace","vestigial":"退化的，发育不全的：simple structure","veteran":"老兵；有丰富经验的人：knowledge through long experience；经验丰富的，资深的：knowledge, experience","veto":"否决，禁止：forbid, prohibit","vex":"使烦恼，使恼怒：bring agitation","viable":"可行的：being done","vicarious":"代理的，取代的：substitute for another","vicious":"凶恶的，恶毒的：desire to inflict；猛烈的：violence or ferocity","vicissitude":"自然变化，变迁兴衰：natural change","victimize":"使受骗：subject to deception","vigilant":"警醒的，警惕的：alertly watchful","vignette":"简介，短文：vivid representation","vigorous":"精力旺盛的：active strength；强健的：withstand hardship","vile":"丑陋的：unpleasant to look at；（道德上）可鄙的，卑鄙的：morally despicable","vilify":"诽谤，辱骂：utter slanderous statements","vim":"活力，精力：energy","vindicate":"为...平反，为...辩护，使无罪：free from blame；证明，证实：give evidence","vindictive":"复仇的，有寻仇倾向的：seek revenge","virtuoso":"艺术鉴赏家，专家：masterly skill；经验丰富的，技艺精湛的：exceptional knowledge","virtuous":"品德高尚的，正直的：showing moral excellence","virulent":"有毒的：poisonous；凶残的：destructive course","viscid":"有粘性的：glutinous","viscous":"粘稠的，粘的：viscid","visionary":"空想的，不切实际的：guided by ideals；幻觉的：in the imagination；有远见的：foresight","vitality":"活力，生命力：vigor","vitiate":"削弱，损害：reduce the value；（在道德、审美上）降低，堕落：debase in moral","vitriolic":"（言辞）刻薄的：scathing","vituperate":"谩骂，责骂：abuse or censure","vivacious":"活泼的，快活的：lively","vocation":"职业：employed","vociferous":"喧哗的，大叫大嚷的：vehement outcry","volatile":"多变的：rapid change","volition":"意志，自愿选择的行为：making one\'s own choices","voluble":"健谈的，多话的：ready speech","voluminous":"卷数多的，大量的，庞大的：great number","voluptuous":"奢侈逸乐的，沉湎酒色的：enjoyments luxury","voracious":"有很大食量的，贪吃的：huge appetite；贪婪的，如饥似渴的：insatiable","votary":"崇拜者，信徒：fervently devoted","vouch":"担保，声称为真：give a guarantee","vouchsafe":"允诺，给予：grant in a gracious or condescending manner","voyeur":"窥淫狂：observing unsuspecting individuals","vulgar":"粗俗的，无教养的：crude；口头的，非正式的：suitable for speech","vulnerable":"易受攻击的，脆弱的：open to attack","waddle":"摇摇摆摆地走:tilt the body from side to side","waffle":"胡扯：talk foolishly","waft":"飘荡，漂浮：float","wag":"诙谐幽默的人：humorous；摆动：move to and fro or up and down","wan":"苍白的，病态的：poor health","wanderlust":"旅游癖：impulse to travel","wane":"减少，衰退，降低：decrease","want":"短缺：lacking；渴望：desire","wanting":"未出现的，缺少的：not present；未达到要求的：not being up to standards","warmonger":"好战者：urges war","warp":"使偏向：turn；扭曲，变形：twist；曲解：alter the meaning","warrant":"向...保证质量：assume responsibility for the satisfactory quality；批准，认可：give official acceptance","wary":"小心的，机警的，谨慎的：caution","wastrel":"肆意挥霍的人，败家子：expends self-indulgently","watershed":"重要关头，分水岭：turning point","wax":"月亮渐满：increase in phase of the moon；用蜡涂、处理或上光：coat；增大，增强：increase","waylay":"埋伏，伏击：attack","wayward":"刚愎自用的，不服管束的：following one\'s own inclinations","weather":"安全度过（危机等），经受住：come through","welter":"混乱，动乱：disorder","wheedle":"（用花言巧语）诱惑，哄骗：persuade by flattery","whet":"磨快：sharpen","whiff":"微风：slight gust；细微的信号，轻微痕迹：imperceptible sign","whimsical":"反复无常的：sudden illogical changes","wholesome":"有益身心健康的：promoting health","wicked":"邪恶的：morally bad","willful":"固执的，倔强的：self-willed；故意的：deliberately","willy-nilly":"不论是否愿意地：desired or not；无秩序的，随意的：without order","wilt":"（花、植物等）萎焉：limp or flaccid；精神萎靡，憔悴：fatigue or exhaustion","wily":"狡诈的，狡猾的：deceptive means","wince":"畏缩：shrink back from pain","windbag":"健谈的人：talkative","windy":"冗长的：verbosity","winsome":"迷人的，漂亮的：pleasing and engaging","wiretap":"偷听，窃听：get information","wistful":"（带着忧伤而）渴望的，怀念的：yearning or desire with melancholy","wit":"机智，智慧：ability to understand；智者，有智慧的人：intelligence","withdraw":"撤退：take back","wither":"枯萎，凋谢：become sapless","withhold":"抑制；扣压，不给予：refrain from giving","wizen":"（使）凋谢，（使）枯萎：become wrinkled；凋谢的，枯萎的：dried up","wobble":"摇晃，颤抖：move or proceed unsteadily；犹豫不决：show uncertainty","worldly":"世间的，世俗的：rather than spiritual；老练的：experienced","worship":"崇拜，敬仰：respect；崇拜，膜拜：offer honor or respect","wrangle":"纷争，争端：differing opinions；争吵：quarrel","wrest":"拧，扭动：wringing or twisting movements；辛苦地获得：gain with difficulty","wretched":"极差的：poor in quality；沮丧的：dejected","wrongheaded":"固执己见的，坚持（错误观点）的：stubborn in adherence","wry":"扭曲的：twisted, bent；坚持错误的：stubborn to wrong","xenophobe":"仇视（或畏惧）外国人（或外国事物）者：fearful of what is foreign","yoke":"连接：become joined","yokel":"乡下人，天真纯朴的人：inhabitant of a rural area","zeal":"热心，热诚：enthusiastic devotion","zealot":"狂热者：a fanatical partisan","zenith":"最高点，巅峰：culminating","zesty":"刺激的，开胃的：piquant","éclat":"辉煌成就：success"}'

  dict.elements = JSON.parse(gre_3k_json_str)
}

var dict = new Dict()
initialize_dict(dict)

function fetch_word () {
  var h1 = $('h1')
  if (h1.length > 0) {
    return $('h1').html()
  } else {
    return null
  }
}

function do_it () {
  var word = fetch_word()
  if (word !== null) {
    var explanation = dict.get(word)
    if (explanation !== null) {
      var s = $('#definition-cn-hint')
      var html1 = ' <div class="span10 offset1"> <div class="hint-content"> ' + explanation + ' </div>  </div>'
      s.html(html1)
      var s2 = $('.text')
      s2.html(explanation)
    }
  } else {
    // For summary
    var table = $('[id^=summary][data-id]')
    if (table.length > 0) {
      table.each(function (i) {
        var item_word = $(this).children('.word').html()
        var item_explanation = dict.get(item_word)
        if (item_explanation !== null) {
          $(this).children('[class^=definition]').html(item_explanation)
        }
      })
    }
  }
}

/* new */

var shouldMutate = true
var target = $('#review')[0]

// create an observer instance
var observer = new MutationObserver(function (mutations) {
  if (shouldMutate) {
    shouldMutate = false
    mutations.forEach(function (mutation) {
      do_it()
    })
    shouldMutate = true
  }
})

// configuration of the observer:
var config = { attributes: true, childList: true, characterData: true }

// pass in the target node, as well as the observer options
observer.observe(target, config)