diff --git a/source/Makefile.Objects b/source/Makefile.Objects
index 9a5243f1e3..cdde558dc3 100644
--- a/source/Makefile.Objects
+++ b/source/Makefile.Objects
@@ -401,9 +401,7 @@ OBJS_PSI_INITIALIZER=psi_initializer.o\
                      psi_initializer_nao.o\
                      psi_initializer_nao_random.o\
 
-OBJS_PW=fft.o\
-    fft_bundle.o\
-    fft_base.o\
+OBJS_PW=fft_bundle.o\
     fft_cpu.o\
     pw_basis.o\
     pw_basis_k.o\
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/CMakeLists.txt b/source/module_basis/module_pw/CMakeLists.txt
index a95eca4917..549e41c93c 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ if (USE_ROCM)
 endif()
 
 list(APPEND objects
-    fft.cpp
     pw_basis.cpp
     pw_basis_k.cpp
     pw_basis_sup.cpp
@@ -26,7 +25,6 @@ list(APPEND objects
     pw_init.cpp
     pw_transform.cpp
     pw_transform_k.cpp
-    module_fft/fft_base.cpp
     module_fft/fft_bundle.cpp
     module_fft/fft_cpu.cpp
     ${FFT_SRC}
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/fft.cpp b/source/module_basis/module_pw/fft.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index fa94bd6442..0000000000
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/fft.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,881 +0,0 @@
-#include "fft.h"
-
-#include "module_base/memory.h"
-#include "module_base/tool_quit.h"
-#include "module_hamilt_pw/hamilt_pwdft/global.h"
-
-namespace ModulePW
-{
-
-FFT::FFT()
-{
-}
-
-FFT::~FFT()
-{
-    this->clear();
-}
-void FFT::clear()
-{
-    this->cleanFFT();
-    if (z_auxg != nullptr)
-    {
-        fftw_free(z_auxg);
-        z_auxg = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (z_auxr != nullptr)
-    {
-        fftw_free(z_auxr);
-        z_auxr = nullptr;
-    }
-    d_rspace = nullptr;
-#if defined(__CUDA) || defined(__ROCM)
-    if (this->device == "gpu")
-    {
-        if (c_auxr_3d != nullptr)
-        {
-            delmem_cd_op()(gpu_ctx, c_auxr_3d);
-            c_auxr_3d = nullptr;
-        }
-        if (z_auxr_3d != nullptr)
-        {
-            delmem_zd_op()(gpu_ctx, z_auxr_3d);
-            z_auxr_3d = nullptr;
-        }
-    }
-#endif // defined(__CUDA) || defined(__ROCM)
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-    if (this->precision == "single")
-    {
-        this->cleanfFFT();
-        if (c_auxg != nullptr)
-        {
-            fftw_free(c_auxg);
-            c_auxg = nullptr;
-        }
-        if (c_auxr != nullptr)
-        {
-            fftw_free(c_auxr);
-            c_auxr = nullptr;
-        }
-        s_rspace = nullptr;
-    }
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-}
-
-void FFT::initfft(int nx_in, int ny_in, int nz_in, int lixy_in, int rixy_in, int ns_in, int nplane_in, int nproc_in,
-                  bool gamma_only_in, bool xprime_in, bool mpifft_in)
-{
-    this->gamma_only = gamma_only_in;
-    this->xprime = xprime_in;
-    this->fftnx = this->nx = nx_in;
-    this->fftny = this->ny = ny_in;
-    if (this->gamma_only)
-    {
-        if (xprime) {
-            this->fftnx = int(nx / 2) + 1;
-        } else {
-            this->fftny = int(ny / 2) + 1;
-}
-    }
-    this->nz = nz_in;
-    this->ns = ns_in;
-    this->lixy = lixy_in;
-    this->rixy = rixy_in;
-    this->nplane = nplane_in;
-    this->nproc = nproc_in;
-    this->mpifft = mpifft_in;
-    this->nxy = this->nx * this->ny;
-    this->fftnxy = this->fftnx * this->fftny;
-    // this->maxgrids = (this->nz * this->ns > this->nxy * nplane) ? this->nz * this->ns : this->nxy * nplane;
-    const int nrxx = this->nxy * this->nplane;
-    const int nsz = this->nz * this->ns;
-    int maxgrids = (nsz > nrxx) ? nsz : nrxx;
-    if (!this->mpifft)
-    {
-        // z_auxg = (std::complex<double>*)fftw_malloc(sizeof(fftw_complex) * maxgrids);
-        // z_auxr = (std::complex<double>*)fftw_malloc(sizeof(fftw_complex) * maxgrids);
-        // ModuleBase::Memory::record("FFT::grid", 2 * sizeof(fftw_complex) * maxgrids);
-        // d_rspace = (double*)z_auxg;
-        // auxr_3d = static_cast<std::complex<double> *>(
-        //     fftw_malloc(sizeof(fftw_complex) * (this->nx * this->ny * this->nz)));
-#if defined(__CUDA) || defined(__ROCM)
-        if (this->device == "gpu")
-        {
-            resmem_cd_op()(gpu_ctx, this->c_auxr_3d, this->nx * this->ny * this->nz);
-            resmem_zd_op()(gpu_ctx, this->z_auxr_3d, this->nx * this->ny * this->nz);
-        }
-#endif // defined(__CUDA) || defined(__ROCM)
-// #if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-//         if (this->precision == "single")
-//         {
-//             c_auxg = (std::complex<float>*)fftw_malloc(sizeof(fftwf_complex) * maxgrids);
-//             c_auxr = (std::complex<float>*)fftw_malloc(sizeof(fftwf_complex) * maxgrids);
-//             ModuleBase::Memory::record("FFT::grid_s", 2 * sizeof(fftwf_complex) * maxgrids);
-//             s_rspace = (float*)c_auxg;
-//         }
-// #endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-    }
-    else
-    {
-    }
-}
-
-void FFT::setupFFT()
-{
-    unsigned int flag = FFTW_ESTIMATE;
-    switch (this->fft_mode)
-    {
-    case 0:
-        flag = FFTW_ESTIMATE;
-        break;
-    case 1:
-        flag = FFTW_MEASURE;
-        break;
-    case 2:
-        flag = FFTW_PATIENT;
-        break;
-    case 3:
-        flag = FFTW_EXHAUSTIVE;
-        break;
-    default:
-        break;
-    }
-    if (!this->mpifft)
-    {
-        this->initplan(flag);
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-        if (this->precision == "single")
-        {
-            this->initplanf(flag);
-        }
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-    }
-#if defined(__FFTW3_MPI) && defined(__MPI)
-    else
-    {
-        // this->initplan_mpi();
-        // if (this->precision == "single") {
-        //     this->initplanf_mpi();
-        // }
-    }
-#endif
-    return;
-}
-
-void FFT ::initplan(const unsigned int& flag)
-{
-    //---------------------------------------------------------
-    //                              1 D - Z
-    //---------------------------------------------------------
-
-    //               fftw_plan_many_dft(int rank,          const int *n,       int howmany,
-    //					                fftw_complex *in,  const int *inembed, int istride, int idist,
-    //					                fftw_complex *out, const int *onembed, int ostride, int odist, int sign, unsigned
-    //flags);
-
-    this->planzfor = fftw_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nz, this->ns, (fftw_complex*)z_auxg, &this->nz, 1, this->nz,
-                                        (fftw_complex*)z_auxg, &this->nz, 1, this->nz, FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-
-    this->planzbac = fftw_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nz, this->ns, (fftw_complex*)z_auxg, &this->nz, 1, this->nz,
-                                        (fftw_complex*)z_auxg, &this->nz, 1, this->nz, FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-
-    //---------------------------------------------------------
-    //                              2 D - XY
-    //---------------------------------------------------------
-    // 1D+1D is much faster than 2D FFT!
-    // in-place fft is better for c2c and out-of-place fft is better for c2r
-    int* embed = nullptr;
-    int npy = this->nplane * this->ny;
-    if (this->xprime)
-    {
-        this->planyfor = fftw_plan_many_dft(1, &this->ny, this->nplane, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, nplane, 1,
-                                            (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, nplane, 1, FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-        this->planybac = fftw_plan_many_dft(1, &this->ny, this->nplane, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, nplane, 1,
-                                            (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, nplane, 1, FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-        if (this->gamma_only)
-        {
-            this->planxr2c = fftw_plan_many_dft_r2c(1, &this->nx, npy, d_rspace, embed, npy, 1, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr,
-                                                    embed, npy, 1, flag);
-            this->planxc2r = fftw_plan_many_dft_c2r(1, &this->nx, npy, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, npy, 1, d_rspace,
-                                                    embed, npy, 1, flag);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            this->planxfor1 = fftw_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nx, npy, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, npy, 1,
-                                                 (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, npy, 1, FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-            this->planxbac1 = fftw_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nx, npy, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, npy, 1,
-                                                 (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, npy, 1, FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-        }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        this->planxfor1 = fftw_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nx, this->nplane * (lixy + 1), (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, npy,
-                                             1, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, npy, 1, FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-        this->planxbac1 = fftw_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nx, this->nplane * (lixy + 1), (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, npy,
-                                             1, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, npy, 1, FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-        if (this->gamma_only)
-        {
-            this->planyr2c = fftw_plan_many_dft_r2c(1, &this->ny, this->nplane, d_rspace, embed, this->nplane, 1,
-                                                    (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, this->nplane, 1, flag);
-            this->planyc2r = fftw_plan_many_dft_c2r(1, &this->ny, this->nplane, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed,
-                                                    this->nplane, 1, d_rspace, embed, this->nplane, 1, flag);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-
-            this->planxfor2 = fftw_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nx, this->nplane * (ny - rixy), (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed,
-                                                 npy, 1, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, npy, 1, FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-            this->planxbac2 = fftw_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nx, this->nplane * (ny - rixy), (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed,
-                                                 npy, 1, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, npy, 1, FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-            this->planyfor = fftw_plan_many_dft(1, &this->ny, this->nplane, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, this->nplane,
-                                                1, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, this->nplane, 1, FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-            this->planybac = fftw_plan_many_dft(1, &this->ny, this->nplane, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, this->nplane,
-                                                1, (fftw_complex*)z_auxr, embed, this->nplane, 1, FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-        }
-    }
-
-    //---------------------------------------------------------
-    //                              3 D - XYZ
-    //---------------------------------------------------------
-    // in-place fft test
-    // this->plan3dforward = fftw_plan_dft_3d(
-    //    this->nx, this->ny, this->nz,
-    //    reinterpret_cast<fftw_complex *>(auxr_3d),
-    //    reinterpret_cast<fftw_complex *>(auxr_3d),
-    //    FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-    // this->plan3dbackward = fftw_plan_dft_3d(
-    //    this->nx, this->ny, this->nz,
-    //    reinterpret_cast<fftw_complex *>(auxr_3d),
-    //    reinterpret_cast<fftw_complex *>(auxr_3d),
-    //    FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-
-#if defined(__CUDA) || defined(__ROCM)
-    if (this->device == "gpu")
-    {
-#if defined(__CUDA)
-        cufftPlan3d(&c_handle, this->nx, this->ny, this->nz, CUFFT_C2C);
-        cufftPlan3d(&z_handle, this->nx, this->ny, this->nz, CUFFT_Z2Z);
-#elif defined(__ROCM)
-        hipfftPlan3d(&c_handle, this->nx, this->ny, this->nz, HIPFFT_C2C);
-        hipfftPlan3d(&z_handle, this->nx, this->ny, this->nz, HIPFFT_Z2Z);
-#endif
-    }
-#endif
-}
-
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-void FFT ::initplanf(const unsigned int& flag)
-{
-    //---------------------------------------------------------
-    //                              1 D
-    //---------------------------------------------------------
-
-    //               fftw_plan_many_dft(int rank,          const int *n,       int howmany,
-    //					                fftw_complex *in,  const int *inembed, int istride, int idist,
-    //					                fftw_complex *out, const int *onembed, int ostride, int odist, int sign, unsigned
-    //flags);
-
-    this->planfzfor = fftwf_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nz, this->ns, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxg, &this->nz, 1, this->nz,
-                                          (fftwf_complex*)c_auxg, &this->nz, 1, this->nz, FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-
-    this->planfzbac = fftwf_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nz, this->ns, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxg, &this->nz, 1, this->nz,
-                                          (fftwf_complex*)c_auxg, &this->nz, 1, this->nz, FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-    //---------------------------------------------------------
-    //                              2 D
-    //---------------------------------------------------------
-
-    int* embed = nullptr;
-    int npy = this->nplane * this->ny;
-    if (this->xprime)
-    {
-        this->planfyfor = fftwf_plan_many_dft(1, &this->ny, this->nplane, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, nplane, 1,
-                                              (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, nplane, 1, FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-        this->planfybac = fftwf_plan_many_dft(1, &this->ny, this->nplane, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, nplane, 1,
-                                              (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, nplane, 1, FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-        if (this->gamma_only)
-        {
-            this->planfxr2c = fftwf_plan_many_dft_r2c(1, &this->nx, npy, s_rspace, embed, npy, 1,
-                                                      (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, npy, 1, flag);
-            this->planfxc2r = fftwf_plan_many_dft_c2r(1, &this->nx, npy, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, npy, 1,
-                                                      s_rspace, embed, npy, 1, flag);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            this->planfxfor1 = fftwf_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nx, npy, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, npy, 1,
-                                                   (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, npy, 1, FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-            this->planfxbac1 = fftwf_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nx, npy, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, npy, 1,
-                                                   (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, npy, 1, FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-        }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        this->planfxfor1 = fftwf_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nx, this->nplane * (lixy + 1), (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed,
-                                               npy, 1, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, npy, 1, FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-        this->planfxbac1 = fftwf_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nx, this->nplane * (lixy + 1), (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed,
-                                               npy, 1, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, npy, 1, FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-        if (this->gamma_only)
-        {
-            this->planfyr2c = fftwf_plan_many_dft_r2c(1, &this->ny, this->nplane, s_rspace, embed, this->nplane, 1,
-                                                      (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, this->nplane, 1, flag);
-            this->planfyc2r = fftwf_plan_many_dft_c2r(1, &this->ny, this->nplane, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed,
-                                                      this->nplane, 1, s_rspace, embed, this->nplane, 1, flag);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            this->planfxfor2
-                = fftwf_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nx, this->nplane * (this->ny - rixy), (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed,
-                                      npy, 1, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, npy, 1, FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-            this->planfxbac2
-                = fftwf_plan_many_dft(1, &this->nx, this->nplane * (this->ny - rixy), (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed,
-                                      npy, 1, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, npy, 1, FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-            this->planfyfor
-                = fftwf_plan_many_dft(1, &this->ny, this->nplane, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, this->nplane, 1,
-                                      (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, this->nplane, 1, FFTW_FORWARD, flag);
-            this->planfybac
-                = fftwf_plan_many_dft(1, &this->ny, this->nplane, (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, this->nplane, 1,
-                                      (fftwf_complex*)c_auxr, embed, this->nplane, 1, FFTW_BACKWARD, flag);
-        }
-    }
-}
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-// void FFT :: initplan_mpi()
-// {
-
-// }
-
-// void FFT :: initplanf_mpi()
-// {
-
-// }
-
-void FFT::cleanFFT()
-{
-    if (planzfor)
-    {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(planzfor);
-        planzfor = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (planzbac)
-    {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(planzbac);
-        planzbac = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (planxfor1)
-    {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(planxfor1);
-        planxfor1 = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (planxbac1)
-    {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(planxbac1);
-        planxbac1 = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (planxfor2)
-    {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(planxfor2);
-        planxfor2 = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (planxbac2)
-    {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(planxbac2);
-        planxbac2 = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (planyfor)
-    {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(planyfor);
-        planyfor = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (planybac)
-    {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(planybac);
-        planybac = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (planxr2c)
-    {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(planxr2c);
-        planxr2c = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (planxc2r)
-    {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(planxc2r);
-        planxc2r = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (planyr2c)
-    {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(planyr2c);
-        planyr2c = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (planyc2r)
-    {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(planyc2r);
-        planyc2r = nullptr;
-    }
-
-    // fftw_destroy_plan(this->plan3dforward);
-    // fftw_destroy_plan(this->plan3dbackward);
-#if defined(__CUDA) || defined(__ROCM)
-    if (this->device == "gpu")
-    {
-#if defined(__CUDA)
-        if (c_handle)
-        {
-            cufftDestroy(c_handle);
-            c_handle = {};
-        }
-        if (z_handle)
-        {
-            cufftDestroy(z_handle);
-            z_handle = {};
-        }
-#elif defined(__ROCM)
-        if (c_handle)
-        {
-            hipfftDestroy(c_handle);
-            c_handle = {};
-        }
-        if (z_handle)
-        {
-            hipfftDestroy(z_handle);
-            z_handle = {};
-        }
-#endif
-    }
-#endif
-}
-
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-void FFT::cleanfFFT()
-{
-    if (planfzfor)
-    {
-        fftwf_destroy_plan(planfzfor);
-        planfzfor = NULL;
-    }
-    if (planfzbac)
-    {
-        fftwf_destroy_plan(planfzbac);
-        planfzbac = NULL;
-    }
-    if (planfxfor1)
-    {
-        fftwf_destroy_plan(planfxfor1);
-        planfxfor1 = NULL;
-    }
-    if (planfxbac1)
-    {
-        fftwf_destroy_plan(planfxbac1);
-        planfxbac1 = NULL;
-    }
-    if (planfxfor2)
-    {
-        fftwf_destroy_plan(planfxfor2);
-        planfxfor2 = NULL;
-    }
-    if (planfxbac2)
-    {
-        fftwf_destroy_plan(planfxbac2);
-        planfxbac2 = NULL;
-    }
-    if (planfyfor)
-    {
-        fftwf_destroy_plan(planfyfor);
-        planfyfor = NULL;
-    }
-    if (planfybac)
-    {
-        fftwf_destroy_plan(planfybac);
-        planfybac = NULL;
-    }
-    if (planfxr2c)
-    {
-        fftwf_destroy_plan(planfxr2c);
-        planfxr2c = NULL;
-    }
-    if (planfxc2r)
-    {
-        fftwf_destroy_plan(planfxc2r);
-        planfxc2r = NULL;
-    }
-    if (planfyr2c)
-    {
-        fftwf_destroy_plan(planfyr2c);
-        planfyr2c = NULL;
-    }
-    if (planfyc2r)
-    {
-        fftwf_destroy_plan(planfyc2r);
-        planfyc2r = NULL;
-    }
-    return;
-}
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fftzfor(std::complex<float>* in, std::complex<float>* out) const
-{
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-    fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfzfor, (fftwf_complex*)in, (fftwf_complex*)out);
-#else
-    ModuleBase::WARNING_QUIT("fft", "Please compile ABACUS using the ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW flag!");
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-}
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fftzfor(std::complex<double>* in, std::complex<double>* out) const
-{
-    fftw_execute_dft(this->planzfor, (fftw_complex*)in, (fftw_complex*)out);
-}
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fftzbac(std::complex<float>* in, std::complex<float>* out) const
-{
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-    fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfzbac, (fftwf_complex*)in, (fftwf_complex*)out);
-#else
-    ModuleBase::WARNING_QUIT("fft", "Please compile ABACUS using the ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW flag!");
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-}
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fftzbac(std::complex<double>* in, std::complex<double>* out) const
-{
-    fftw_execute_dft(this->planzbac, (fftw_complex*)in, (fftw_complex*)out);
-}
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fftxyfor(std::complex<float>* in, std::complex<float>* out) const
-{
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-    int npy = this->nplane * this->ny;
-    if (this->xprime)
-    {
-        fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfxfor1, (fftwf_complex*)in, (fftwf_complex*)out);
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->lixy + 1; ++i)
-        {
-            fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfyfor, (fftwf_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftwf_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-        for (int i = rixy; i < this->nx; ++i)
-        {
-            fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfyfor, (fftwf_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftwf_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->nx; ++i)
-        {
-            fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfyfor, (fftwf_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftwf_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-
-        fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfxfor1, (fftwf_complex*)in, (fftwf_complex*)out);
-        fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfxfor2, (fftwf_complex*)&in[rixy * nplane], (fftwf_complex*)&out[rixy * nplane]);
-    }
-#else
-    ModuleBase::WARNING_QUIT("fft", "Please compile ABACUS using the ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW flag!");
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-}
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fftxyfor(std::complex<double>* in, std::complex<double>* out) const
-{
-    int npy = this->nplane * this->ny;
-    if (this->xprime)
-    {
-        fftw_execute_dft(this->planxfor1, (fftw_complex*)in, (fftw_complex*)out);
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->lixy + 1; ++i)
-        {
-            fftw_execute_dft(this->planyfor, (fftw_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftw_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-        for (int i = rixy; i < this->nx; ++i)
-        {
-            fftw_execute_dft(this->planyfor, (fftw_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftw_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->nx; ++i)
-        {
-            fftw_execute_dft(this->planyfor, (fftw_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftw_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-
-        fftw_execute_dft(this->planxfor1, (fftw_complex*)in, (fftw_complex*)out);
-        fftw_execute_dft(this->planxfor2, (fftw_complex*)&in[rixy * nplane], (fftw_complex*)&out[rixy * nplane]);
-    }
-}
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fftxybac(std::complex<float>* in, std::complex<float>* out) const
-{
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-    int npy = this->nplane * this->ny;
-    if (this->xprime)
-    {
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->lixy + 1; ++i)
-        {
-            fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfybac, (fftwf_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftwf_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-        for (int i = rixy; i < this->nx; ++i)
-        {
-            fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfybac, (fftwf_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftwf_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-
-        fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfxbac1, (fftwf_complex*)in, (fftwf_complex*)out);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfxbac1, (fftwf_complex*)in, (fftwf_complex*)out);
-        fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfxbac2, (fftwf_complex*)&in[rixy * nplane], (fftwf_complex*)&out[rixy * nplane]);
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->nx; ++i)
-        {
-            fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfybac, (fftwf_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftwf_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-    }
-#else
-    ModuleBase::WARNING_QUIT("fft", "Please compile ABACUS using the ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW flag!");
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-}
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fftxybac(std::complex<double>* in, std::complex<double>* out) const
-{
-    int npy = this->nplane * this->ny;
-    if (this->xprime)
-    {
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->lixy + 1; ++i)
-        {
-            fftw_execute_dft(this->planybac, (fftw_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftw_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-        for (int i = rixy; i < this->nx; ++i)
-        {
-            fftw_execute_dft(this->planybac, (fftw_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftw_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-
-        fftw_execute_dft(this->planxbac1, (fftw_complex*)in, (fftw_complex*)out);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        fftw_execute_dft(this->planxbac1, (fftw_complex*)in, (fftw_complex*)out);
-        fftw_execute_dft(this->planxbac2, (fftw_complex*)&in[rixy * nplane], (fftw_complex*)&out[rixy * nplane]);
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->nx; ++i)
-        {
-            fftw_execute_dft(this->planybac, (fftw_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftw_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fftxyr2c(float* in, std::complex<float>* out) const
-{
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-    int npy = this->nplane * this->ny;
-    if (this->xprime)
-    {
-        fftwf_execute_dft_r2c(this->planfxr2c, in, (fftwf_complex*)out);
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->lixy + 1; ++i)
-        {
-            fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfyfor, (fftwf_complex*)&out[i * npy], (fftwf_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->nx; ++i)
-        {
-            fftwf_execute_dft_r2c(this->planfyr2c, &in[i * npy], (fftwf_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-
-        fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfxfor1, (fftwf_complex*)out, (fftwf_complex*)out);
-    }
-#else
-    ModuleBase::WARNING_QUIT("fft", "Please compile ABACUS using the ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW flag!");
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-}
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fftxyr2c(double* in, std::complex<double>* out) const
-{
-    int npy = this->nplane * this->ny;
-    if (this->xprime)
-    {
-        fftw_execute_dft_r2c(this->planxr2c, in, (fftw_complex*)out);
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->lixy + 1; ++i)
-        {
-            fftw_execute_dft(this->planyfor, (fftw_complex*)&out[i * npy], (fftw_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->nx; ++i)
-        {
-            fftw_execute_dft_r2c(this->planyr2c, &in[i * npy], (fftw_complex*)&out[i * npy]);
-        }
-
-        fftw_execute_dft(this->planxfor1, (fftw_complex*)out, (fftw_complex*)out);
-    }
-}
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fftxyc2r(std::complex<float>* in, float* out) const
-{
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-    int npy = this->nplane * this->ny;
-    if (this->xprime)
-    {
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->lixy + 1; ++i)
-        {
-            fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfybac, (fftwf_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftwf_complex*)&in[i * npy]);
-        }
-
-        fftwf_execute_dft_c2r(this->planfxc2r, (fftwf_complex*)in, out);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        fftwf_execute_dft(this->planfxbac1, (fftwf_complex*)in, (fftwf_complex*)in);
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->nx; ++i)
-        {
-            fftwf_execute_dft_c2r(this->planfyc2r, (fftwf_complex*)&in[i * npy], &out[i * npy]);
-        }
-    }
-#else
-    ModuleBase::WARNING_QUIT("fft", "Please compile ABACUS using the ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW flag!");
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-}
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fftxyc2r(std::complex<double>* in, double* out) const
-{
-    int npy = this->nplane * this->ny;
-    if (this->xprime)
-    {
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->lixy + 1; ++i)
-        {
-            fftw_execute_dft(this->planybac, (fftw_complex*)&in[i * npy], (fftw_complex*)&in[i * npy]);
-        }
-
-        fftw_execute_dft_c2r(this->planxc2r, (fftw_complex*)in, out);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        fftw_execute_dft(this->planxbac1, (fftw_complex*)in, (fftw_complex*)in);
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < this->nx; ++i)
-        {
-            fftw_execute_dft_c2r(this->planyc2r, (fftw_complex*)&in[i * npy], &out[i * npy]);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#if defined(__CUDA) || defined(__ROCM)
-template <>
-void FFT::fft3D_forward(const base_device::DEVICE_GPU* /*ctx*/, std::complex<float>* in, std::complex<float>* out) const
-{
-#if defined(__CUDA)
-    CHECK_CUFFT(cufftExecC2C(this->c_handle, reinterpret_cast<cufftComplex*>(in), reinterpret_cast<cufftComplex*>(out),
-                             CUFFT_FORWARD));
-#elif defined(__ROCM)
-    CHECK_CUFFT(hipfftExecC2C(this->c_handle, reinterpret_cast<hipfftComplex*>(in),
-                              reinterpret_cast<hipfftComplex*>(out), HIPFFT_FORWARD));
-#endif
-}
-template <>
-void FFT::fft3D_forward(const base_device::DEVICE_GPU* /*ctx*/, std::complex<double>* in,
-                        std::complex<double>* out) const
-{
-#if defined(__CUDA)
-    CHECK_CUFFT(cufftExecZ2Z(this->z_handle, reinterpret_cast<cufftDoubleComplex*>(in),
-                             reinterpret_cast<cufftDoubleComplex*>(out), CUFFT_FORWARD));
-#elif defined(__ROCM)
-    CHECK_CUFFT(hipfftExecZ2Z(this->z_handle, reinterpret_cast<hipfftDoubleComplex*>(in),
-                              reinterpret_cast<hipfftDoubleComplex*>(out), HIPFFT_FORWARD));
-#endif
-}
-
-template <>
-void FFT::fft3D_backward(const base_device::DEVICE_GPU* /*ctx*/, std::complex<float>* in,
-                         std::complex<float>* out) const
-{
-#if defined(__CUDA)
-    CHECK_CUFFT(cufftExecC2C(this->c_handle, reinterpret_cast<cufftComplex*>(in), reinterpret_cast<cufftComplex*>(out),
-                             CUFFT_INVERSE));
-#elif defined(__ROCM)
-    CHECK_CUFFT(hipfftExecC2C(this->c_handle, reinterpret_cast<hipfftComplex*>(in),
-                              reinterpret_cast<hipfftComplex*>(out), HIPFFT_BACKWARD));
-#endif
-}
-template <>
-void FFT::fft3D_backward(const base_device::DEVICE_GPU* /*ctx*/, std::complex<double>* in,
-                         std::complex<double>* out) const
-{
-#if defined(__CUDA)
-    CHECK_CUFFT(cufftExecZ2Z(this->z_handle, reinterpret_cast<cufftDoubleComplex*>(in),
-                             reinterpret_cast<cufftDoubleComplex*>(out), CUFFT_INVERSE));
-#elif defined(__ROCM)
-    CHECK_CUFFT(hipfftExecZ2Z(this->z_handle, reinterpret_cast<hipfftDoubleComplex*>(in),
-                              reinterpret_cast<hipfftDoubleComplex*>(out), HIPFFT_BACKWARD));
-#endif
-}
-#endif
-
-template <>
-float* FFT::get_rspace_data() const
-{
-    return this->s_rspace;
-}
-template <>
-double* FFT::get_rspace_data() const
-{
-    return this->d_rspace;
-}
-
-template <>
-std::complex<float>* FFT::get_auxr_data() const
-{
-    return this->c_auxr;
-}
-template <>
-std::complex<double>* FFT::get_auxr_data() const
-{
-    return this->z_auxr;
-}
-
-template <>
-std::complex<float>* FFT::get_auxg_data() const
-{
-    return this->c_auxg;
-}
-template <>
-std::complex<double>* FFT::get_auxg_data() const
-{
-    return this->z_auxg;
-}
-
-#if defined(__CUDA) || defined(__ROCM)
-template <>
-std::complex<float>* FFT::get_auxr_3d_data() const
-{
-    return this->c_auxr_3d;
-}
-template <>
-std::complex<double>* FFT::get_auxr_3d_data() const
-{
-    return this->z_auxr_3d;
-}
-#endif
-
-void FFT::set_device(std::string device_)
-{
-    this->device = std::move(device_);
-}
-
-void FFT::set_precision(std::string precision_)
-{
-    this->precision = std::move(precision_);
-}
-
-} // namespace ModulePW
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/fft.h b/source/module_basis/module_pw/fft.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 3581d01d18..0000000000
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/fft.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef FFT_H
-#define FFT_H
-
-#include <complex>
-#include <string>
-
-#include "fftw3.h"
-#if defined(__FFTW3_MPI) && defined(__MPI)
-#include <fftw3-mpi.h>
-//#include "fftw3-mpi_mkl.h"
-#endif
-
-#if defined(__CUDA) || defined(__UT_USE_CUDA)
-#include "cufft.h"
-#include "cuda_runtime.h"
-#endif
-
-#if defined(__ROCM) || defined(__UT_USE_ROCM)
-#include <hipfft/hipfft.h>
-#include <hip/hip_runtime.h>
-#endif
-
-//Temporary: we donot need psi. However some GPU ops are defined in psi, which should be moved into module_base or module_gpu
-#include "module_psi/psi.h"
-// #ifdef __ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW
-// #include "fftw3f.h"
-// #if defined(__FFTW3_MPI) && defined(__MPI)
-// #include "fftw3f-mpi.h"
-// //#include "fftw3-mpi_mkl.h"
-// #endif
-// #endif
-
-namespace ModulePW
-{
-
-class FFT
-{
-public:
-
-	FFT();
-	~FFT();
-	void clear(); //reset fft
-	
-	// init parameters of fft
-	void initfft(int nx_in, int ny_in, int nz_in, int lixy_in, int rixy_in, int ns_in, int nplane_in, 
-				 int nproc_in, bool gamma_only_in, bool xprime_in = true, bool mpifft_in = false);
-
-	//init fftw_plans
-	void setupFFT(); 
-
-	//destroy fftw_plans
-	void cleanFFT();
-
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-	void cleanfFFT();
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-
-    template <typename FPTYPE>
-    void fftzfor(std::complex<FPTYPE>* in, std::complex<FPTYPE>* out) const;
-    template <typename FPTYPE>
-    void fftzbac(std::complex<FPTYPE>* in, std::complex<FPTYPE>* out) const;
-    template <typename FPTYPE>
-    void fftxyfor(std::complex<FPTYPE>* in, std::complex<FPTYPE>* out) const;
-    template <typename FPTYPE>
-    void fftxybac(std::complex<FPTYPE>* in, std::complex<FPTYPE>* out) const;
-    template <typename FPTYPE>
-    void fftxyr2c(FPTYPE* in, std::complex<FPTYPE>* out) const;
-    template <typename FPTYPE>
-    void fftxyc2r(std::complex<FPTYPE>* in, FPTYPE* out) const;
-
-    template <typename FPTYPE, typename Device>
-    void fft3D_forward(const Device* ctx, std::complex<FPTYPE>* in, std::complex<FPTYPE>* out) const;
-    template <typename FPTYPE, typename Device>
-    void fft3D_backward(const Device* ctx, std::complex<FPTYPE>* in, std::complex<FPTYPE>* out) const;
-
-  public:
-	//init fftw_plans
-	void initplan(const unsigned int& flag = 0);
-	// We have not support mpi fftw yet.
-	// void initplan_mpi();
-	//init fftwf_plans
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-	void initplanf(const unsigned int& flag = 0);
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-	// void initplanf_mpi();
-
-private:
-	int fftnx=0, fftny=0;
-	int fftnxy=0;
-	int ny=0, nx=0, nz=0;
-	int nxy=0;
-public :
-	bool xprime = true; // true: when do recip2real, x-fft will be done last and when doing real2recip, x-fft will be done first; false: y-fft
-                         // For gamma_only, true: we use half x; false: we use half y
-	int lixy=0,rixy=0;// lixy: the left edge of the pw ball in the y direction; rixy: the right edge of the pw ball in the x or y direction
-	int ns=0; //number of sticks
-	int nplane=0; //number of x-y planes
-	int nproc=1; // number of proc.
-
-    template <typename FPTYPE>
-    FPTYPE* get_rspace_data() const;
-    template <typename FPTYPE>
-    std::complex<FPTYPE>* get_auxr_data() const;
-    template <typename FPTYPE>
-    std::complex<FPTYPE>* get_auxg_data() const;
-    template <typename FPTYPE>
-    std::complex<FPTYPE>* get_auxr_3d_data() const;
-
-	int fft_mode = 0; ///< fftw mode 0: estimate, 1: measure, 2: patient, 3: exhaustive 
-
-  private:
-    bool gamma_only = false;
-    bool mpifft = false; // if use mpi fft, only used when define __FFTW3_MPI
-//add by A.s 202406 considering that no all people are familiar with fftw3,some comments should be added.
-    fftw_plan planzfor  = NULL;//create a special pointer pointing to the fftw_plan class as a plan for performing FFT
-    fftw_plan planzbac  = NULL;
-	fftw_plan planxfor1 = NULL;
-	fftw_plan planxbac1 = NULL;
-	fftw_plan planxfor2 = NULL;
-	fftw_plan planxbac2 = NULL;
-	fftw_plan planyfor  = NULL;
-	fftw_plan planybac  = NULL;
-	fftw_plan planxr2c  = NULL;
-	fftw_plan planxc2r  = NULL;
-	fftw_plan planyr2c  = NULL;
-	fftw_plan planyc2r  = NULL;
-//	fftw_plan plan3dforward;
-//	fftw_plan plan3dbackward;
-
-#if defined(__CUDA)
-    cufftHandle c_handle = {};
-    cufftHandle z_handle = {};
-#elif defined(__ROCM)
-    hipfftHandle c_handle = {};
-    hipfftHandle z_handle = {};
-#endif
-
-#if defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-	fftwf_plan planfzfor = NULL;
-	fftwf_plan planfzbac = NULL;
-	fftwf_plan planfxfor1= NULL;
-	fftwf_plan planfxbac1= NULL;
-	fftwf_plan planfxfor2= NULL;
-	fftwf_plan planfxbac2= NULL;
-	fftwf_plan planfyfor = NULL;
-	fftwf_plan planfybac = NULL;
-	fftwf_plan planfxr2c = NULL;
-	fftwf_plan planfxc2r = NULL;
-	fftwf_plan planfyr2c = NULL;
-	fftwf_plan planfyc2r = NULL;
-#endif // defined(__ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW)
-
-    mutable std::complex<float>* c_auxr_3d = nullptr;  // fft space
-    mutable std::complex<double>* z_auxr_3d = nullptr; // fft space
-
-    mutable std::complex<float>*c_auxg = nullptr, *c_auxr = nullptr;  // fft space,
-    mutable std::complex<double>*z_auxg = nullptr, *z_auxr = nullptr; // fft space
-
-    mutable float* s_rspace = nullptr;  // real number space for r, [nplane * nx *ny]
-    mutable double* d_rspace = nullptr; // real number space for r, [nplane * nx *ny]
-
-    std::string device = "cpu";
-    std::string precision = "double";
-
-public:
-    void set_device(std::string device_);
-    void set_precision(std::string precision_);
-
-};
-}
-
-#endif
-
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_base.cpp b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_base.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 4c91d4d7b4..0000000000
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_base.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#include "fft_base.h"
-namespace ModulePW
-{
-template FFT_BASE<float>::FFT_BASE();
-template FFT_BASE<double>::FFT_BASE();
-template FFT_BASE<float>::~FFT_BASE();
-template FFT_BASE<double>::~FFT_BASE();
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_base.h b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_base.h
index c1b105f1fd..b64b6f4e00 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_base.h
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_base.h
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-#include <complex>
-#include <string>
-#include "fftw3.h"
 #ifndef FFT_BASE_H
 #define FFT_BASE_H
+
+#include <complex>
 namespace ModulePW
 {
 template <typename FPTYPE>
@@ -164,5 +163,10 @@ class FFT_BASE
     int ny=0;
     int nz=0;
 };
+
+template FFT_BASE<float>::FFT_BASE();
+template FFT_BASE<double>::FFT_BASE();
+template FFT_BASE<float>::~FFT_BASE();
+template FFT_BASE<double>::~FFT_BASE();
 }
 #endif // FFT_BASE_H
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_bundle.cpp b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_bundle.cpp
index a7be7d988d..204bf8f81b 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_bundle.cpp
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_bundle.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #include <cassert>
 #include "fft_bundle.h"
-#include "fft_cpu.h"
+
 #include "module_base/module_device/device.h"
+#include "module_base/module_device/memory_op.h"
 #if defined(__CUDA)
 #include "fft_cuda.h"
 #endif
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_bundle.h b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_bundle.h
index 6da2419245..71ce5192f3 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_bundle.h
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_bundle.h
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-#include "fft_base.h"
-#include <memory>
-// #include "module_psi/psi.h"
 #ifndef FFT_TEMP_H
 #define FFT_TEMP_H
+
+#include <memory>
+#include "fft_base.h"
+#include "fft_cpu.h"
 namespace ModulePW
 {
 class FFT_Bundle
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cpu.h b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cpu.h
index 27c7e862a2..c0fe9992eb 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cpu.h
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cpu.h
@@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
-#include "fft_base.h"
-#include "fftw3.h"
-
-// #ifdef __ENABLE_FLOAT_FFTW
-
-// #endif
-// #endif
 #ifndef FFT_CPU_H
 #define FFT_CPU_H
+
+#include "fft_base.h"
+#include "fftw3.h"
 namespace ModulePW
 {
 template <typename FPTYPE>
@@ -33,7 +29,6 @@ class FFT_CPU : public FFT_BASE<FPTYPE>
      * @param gamma_only_in  whether only gamma point is used.
      * @param xprime_in  whether xprime is used.
      */
-    __attribute__((weak)) 
     void initfft(int nx_in, 
                  int ny_in, 
                  int nz_in, 
@@ -44,6 +39,7 @@ class FFT_CPU : public FFT_BASE<FPTYPE>
                  int nproc_in, 
                  bool gamma_only_in, 
                  bool xprime_in = true) override;
+                 
 	__attribute__((weak)) 
     void setupFFT() override; 
 
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cpu_float.cpp b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cpu_float.cpp
index c13d47f762..b3e8d7d572 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cpu_float.cpp
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cpu_float.cpp
@@ -267,11 +267,11 @@ void FFT_CPU<float>::setupFFT()
 }
 
 template <>
-void FFT_CPU<float>::clearfft(fftw_plan& plan)
+void FFT_CPU<float>::clearfft(fftwf_plan& plan)
 {
     if (plan)
     {
-        fftw_destroy_plan(plan);
+        fftwf_destroy_plan(plan);
         plan = nullptr;
     }
 }
@@ -279,18 +279,18 @@ void FFT_CPU<float>::clearfft(fftw_plan& plan)
 template <>
 void FFT_CPU<float>::cleanFFT()
 {
-    clearfft(planzfor);
-    clearfft(planzbac);
-    clearfft(planxfor1);
-    clearfft(planxbac1);
-    clearfft(planxfor2);
-    clearfft(planxbac2);
-    clearfft(planyfor);
-    clearfft(planybac);
-    clearfft(planxr2c);
-    clearfft(planxc2r);
-    clearfft(planyr2c);
-    clearfft(planyc2r);
+    clearfft(planfzfor);
+    clearfft(planfzbac);
+    clearfft(planfxfor1);
+    clearfft(planfxbac1);
+    clearfft(planfxfor2);
+    clearfft(planfxbac2);
+    clearfft(planfyfor);
+    clearfft(planfybac);
+    clearfft(planfxr2c);
+    clearfft(planfxc2r);
+    clearfft(planfyr2c);
+    clearfft(planfyc2r);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cuda.cpp b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cuda.cpp
index f9fc5df74b..db93fb07fb 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cuda.cpp
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cuda.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "fft_cuda.h"
 #include "module_base/module_device/memory_op.h"
 #include "module_hamilt_pw/hamilt_pwdft/global.h"
+
 namespace ModulePW
 {
 template <typename FPTYPE>
@@ -105,4 +106,9 @@ template <> std::complex<float>*
 FFT_CUDA<float>::get_auxr_3d_data()  const {return this->c_auxr_3d;}
 template <> std::complex<double>* 
 FFT_CUDA<double>::get_auxr_3d_data() const {return this->z_auxr_3d;}
+
+template FFT_CUDA<float>::FFT_CUDA();
+template FFT_CUDA<float>::~FFT_CUDA();
+template FFT_CUDA<double>::FFT_CUDA();
+template FFT_CUDA<double>::~FFT_CUDA();
 }// namespace ModulePW
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cuda.h b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cuda.h
index 90192d24dc..4942ee33f2 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cuda.h
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cuda.h
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
+#ifndef FFT_CUDA_H
+#define FFT_CUDA_H
+
 #include "fft_base.h"
 #include "cufft.h"
 #include "cuda_runtime.h"
-
-#ifndef FFT_CUDA_H
-#define FFT_CUDA_H
 namespace ModulePW
 {
 template <typename FPTYPE>
@@ -62,9 +62,6 @@ class FFT_CUDA : public FFT_BASE<FPTYPE>
         std::complex<double>* z_auxr_3d = nullptr; // fft space
 
 };
-template FFT_CUDA<float>::FFT_CUDA();
-template FFT_CUDA<float>::~FFT_CUDA();
-template FFT_CUDA<double>::FFT_CUDA();
-template FFT_CUDA<double>::~FFT_CUDA();
+
 } // namespace ModulePW
 #endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_rocm.h b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_rocm.h
index 2d2cbd0c21..10e7751da6 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_rocm.h
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_rocm.h
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+
+#ifndef FFT_ROCM_H
+#define FFT_ROCM_H
+
 #include "fft_base.h"
 #include <hipfft/hipfft.h>
 #include <hip/hip_runtime.h>
-#ifndef FFT_ROCM_H
-#define FFT_ROCM_H
 namespace ModulePW
 {
 template <typename FPTYPE>
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/pw_basis.h b/source/module_basis/module_pw/pw_basis.h
index 00aba50971..9bd48d270f 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/pw_basis.h
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/pw_basis.h
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 #ifndef PWBASIS_H
 #define PWBASIS_H
 
+#include "module_base/module_device/memory_op.h"
 #include "module_base/matrix.h"
 #include "module_base/matrix3.h"
 #include "module_base/vector3.h"
 #include <complex>
-#include "fft.h"
 #include "module_fft/fft_bundle.h"
 #include <cstring>
 #ifdef __MPI
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/pw_transform.cpp b/source/module_basis/module_pw/pw_transform.cpp
index d8534c7f0a..8e458b2561 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/pw_transform.cpp
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/pw_transform.cpp
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#include "fft.h"
 #include "module_fft/fft_bundle.h"
 #include <complex>
 #include "pw_basis.h"
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/test/Makefile b/source/module_basis/module_pw/test/Makefile
index 884f0f74c0..df91138107 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/test/Makefile
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/test/Makefile
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # Please set
 # e.g. make CXX=mpiicpc or make CXX=icpc
 #======================================================================
-CXX = mpiicpx
+CXX = mpiicpc
 # mpiicpc:   compile intel parallel version
 # icpc:      compile intel sequential version
 # mpicxx:    compile gnu parallel version
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ endif
 ##==========================
 ## GTEST 
 ##==========================
-GTESTOPTS = -I${GTEST_DIR}/include -L${GTEST_DIR}/lib -lgtest -lpthread
+GTESTOPTS = -I${GTEST_DIR}/include -L${GTEST_DIR}/lib -lgtest -lpthread -w
 
 
 
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ VPATH=../../../module_base\
 ../../../module_base/module_container/ATen/core\
 ../../../module_base/module_container/ATen\
 ../../../module_parameter\
+../module_fft\
 ../\
 
 MATH_OBJS0=matrix.o\
@@ -120,7 +121,6 @@ pw_transform.o\
 pw_distributeg.o\
 pw_distributeg_method1.o\
 pw_distributeg_method2.o\
-fft.o\
 pw_basis_k.o\
 pw_basis_sup.o\
 pw_transform_k.o\
@@ -128,9 +128,10 @@ memory.o\
 memory_op.o\
 depend_mock.o\
 parameter.o\
-fft_base.o\
-fft_bundle.o\
 fft_cpu.o\
+fft_cpu_float.o\
+fft_bundle.o\
+
 
 
 OTHER_OBJS0=
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/test_serial/CMakeLists.txt b/source/module_basis/module_pw/test_serial/CMakeLists.txt
index 028d5b3a0e..7e9356d022 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/test_serial/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/test_serial/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ remove_definitions(-D__DEEPKS)
 add_library(
     planewave_serial
     OBJECT
-    ../fft.cpp
-    ../module_fft/fft_base.cpp
     ../module_fft/fft_bundle.cpp
     ../module_fft/fft_cpu.cpp
     ../pw_basis.cpp
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/test_serial/pw_basis_k_test.cpp b/source/module_basis/module_pw/test_serial/pw_basis_k_test.cpp
index e5fac0ef4c..75f352f474 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/test_serial/pw_basis_k_test.cpp
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/test_serial/pw_basis_k_test.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 #define private public
 #include "../pw_basis_k.h"
 #include "../pw_basis.h"
-#include "../fft.h"
 #undef private
 #undef protected
 
diff --git a/source/module_basis/module_pw/test_serial/pw_basis_test.cpp b/source/module_basis/module_pw/test_serial/pw_basis_test.cpp
index 89a84c43b3..eeff14b8f9 100644
--- a/source/module_basis/module_pw/test_serial/pw_basis_test.cpp
+++ b/source/module_basis/module_pw/test_serial/pw_basis_test.cpp
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@
 #define protected public
 #define private public
 #include "../pw_basis.h"
-#include "../fft.h"
 #undef private
 #undef protected
 
diff --git a/source/module_elecstate/test/charge_extra_test.cpp b/source/module_elecstate/test/charge_extra_test.cpp
index 63478bf724..15673e2a5e 100644
--- a/source/module_elecstate/test/charge_extra_test.cpp
+++ b/source/module_elecstate/test/charge_extra_test.cpp
@@ -64,12 +64,6 @@ PW_Basis::PW_Basis()
 PW_Basis::~PW_Basis()
 {
 }
-FFT::FFT()
-{
-}
-FFT::~FFT()
-{
-}
 FFT_Bundle::~FFT_Bundle(){};
 void PW_Basis::initgrids(const double lat0_in, const ModuleBase::Matrix3 latvec_in, const double gridecut)
 {
diff --git a/source/module_elecstate/test/elecstate_base_test.cpp b/source/module_elecstate/test/elecstate_base_test.cpp
index 6115b58a9b..c0da5a82ea 100644
--- a/source/module_elecstate/test/elecstate_base_test.cpp
+++ b/source/module_elecstate/test/elecstate_base_test.cpp
@@ -50,12 +50,6 @@ ModulePW::PW_Basis::~PW_Basis()
 ModulePW::PW_Basis_Sup::~PW_Basis_Sup()
 {
 }
-ModulePW::FFT::FFT()
-{
-}
-ModulePW::FFT::~FFT()
-{
-}
 ModulePW::FFT_Bundle::~FFT_Bundle(){};
 void ModulePW::PW_Basis::initgrids(double, ModuleBase::Matrix3, double)
 {
diff --git a/source/module_hamilt_general/module_xc/test/CMakeLists.txt b/source/module_hamilt_general/module_xc/test/CMakeLists.txt
index b93e3a6ddb..0dda934ac6 100644
--- a/source/module_hamilt_general/module_xc/test/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/source/module_hamilt_general/module_xc/test/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ AddTest(
     ../../../module_base/libm/branred.cpp
     ../../../module_base/libm/sincos.cpp
     ../../../module_base/blas_connector.cpp
-    ../../../module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_base.cpp
     ../../../module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_bundle.cpp
     ../../../module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cpu.cpp
     ${FFT_SRC}
@@ -82,7 +81,6 @@ AddTest(
     ../../../module_base/timer.cpp
     ../../../module_base/libm/branred.cpp
     ../../../module_base/libm/sincos.cpp
-    ../../../module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_base.cpp
     ../../../module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_bundle.cpp
     ../../../module_basis/module_pw/module_fft/fft_cpu.cpp
     ${FFT_SRC}
diff --git a/source/module_hamilt_general/module_xc/test/xc3_mock.h b/source/module_hamilt_general/module_xc/test/xc3_mock.h
index 8ecccd932d..6f812f52a0 100644
--- a/source/module_hamilt_general/module_xc/test/xc3_mock.h
+++ b/source/module_hamilt_general/module_xc/test/xc3_mock.h
@@ -132,8 +132,6 @@ namespace ModulePW
                                                                              const double factor) const;
 #endif
 
-    FFT::FFT(){};
-    FFT::~FFT(){};
 
     void PW_Basis::initgrids(double, ModuleBase::Matrix3, double){};
     void PW_Basis::distribute_r(){};
@@ -165,7 +163,7 @@ namespace ModuleBase
 namespace GlobalV
 {
     std::string BASIS_TYPE = "";
-    bool CAL_STRESS = 0;
+    bool CAL_STRESS = false;
     int CAL_FORCE = 0;
     int NSPIN;
     int NPOL;
diff --git a/source/module_hamilt_lcao/module_gint/kernels/cuda/gemm_selector.cuh b/source/module_hamilt_lcao/module_gint/kernels/cuda/gemm_selector.cuh
index 380a16c842..f52b7a8643 100644
--- a/source/module_hamilt_lcao/module_gint/kernels/cuda/gemm_selector.cuh
+++ b/source/module_hamilt_lcao/module_gint/kernels/cuda/gemm_selector.cuh
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #define GEMM_SELECTOR_H
 
 #include "module_cell/unitcell.h"
-
+#include "cuda_runtime.h"
 typedef std::function<void(int,
                            int,
                            int*,
diff --git a/source/module_hamilt_pw/hamilt_pwdft/global.h b/source/module_hamilt_pw/hamilt_pwdft/global.h
index d9ea7482c0..457bb4a762 100644
--- a/source/module_hamilt_pw/hamilt_pwdft/global.h
+++ b/source/module_hamilt_pw/hamilt_pwdft/global.h
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 #include "module_hamilt_general/module_xc/xc_functional.h"
 #ifdef __CUDA
 #include "cublas_v2.h"
+#include "cufft.h"
+
 static const char* _cublasGetErrorString(cublasStatus_t error)
 {
     switch (error)
diff --git a/source/module_hsolver/test/hsolver_pw_sup.h b/source/module_hsolver/test/hsolver_pw_sup.h
index 6b9d872e34..94d9af4686 100644
--- a/source/module_hsolver/test/hsolver_pw_sup.h
+++ b/source/module_hsolver/test/hsolver_pw_sup.h
@@ -45,9 +45,6 @@ double& PW_Basis_K::getgk2(const int ik, const int igl) const {
     return this->gk2[igl];
 }
 
-FFT::FFT() {}
-
-FFT::~FFT() {}
 
 } // namespace ModulePW