Enable Clang sanitizers in Linux/Clang CI pipeline #11457

Job	Run time
check-ubuntu-24_04-make-gcc	32m 51s
check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc-THOROUGH	21m 53s
check-macos-15-intel-make-clang	1h 5m 49s
check-ubuntu-24_04-make-clang	34m 59s
check-ubuntu-24_04-make-clang-smt-z3	17m 56s
check-macos-14-cmake-clang	1h 15m 1s
check-ubuntu-22_04-cmake-gcc	29m 39s
check-ubuntu-24_04-arm-cmake-gcc	21m 15s
check-vs-2025-cmake-build-and-test	56m 21s
check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc	30m 4s
check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc-KNOWNBUG	17m 37s
check-ubuntu-24_04-cmake-gcc-14	15m 29s
check-ubuntu-22_04-make-clang	34m 35s
check-ubuntu-22_04-cmake-gcc-32bit	30m 27s
windows-msi-package	27m 36s
check-vs-2022-make-build-and-test	44m 51s
check-docker-image	21m 28s
include-what-you-use	14m 39s
check-string-table	1m 47s
	9h 54m 17s

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