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Merge pull request #19 from dmadison/g25-shifter
Logitech G25 and G27 Shifter Support
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‎README.md‎

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### Commercial Devices
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* [Logitech Two Pedal Peripheral (Gas, Brake)](http://dmadison.github.io/Sim-Racing-Arduino/docs/logitech_pedals.html)
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* [Logitech Three Pedal Peripheral (Gas, Brake, Clutch)](http://dmadison.github.io/Sim-Racing-Arduino/docs/logitech_pedals.html)
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* [Logitech Driving Force Shifter](http://dmadison.github.io/Sim-Racing-Arduino/docs/logitech_shifter.html)
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* [Logitech Driving Force Shifter (G923 / G920 / G29)](http://dmadison.github.io/Sim-Racing-Arduino/docs/logitech_shifter.html)
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* [Logitech G27 Shifter](http://dmadison.github.io/Sim-Racing-Arduino/docs/logitech_shifter_g27.html)
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* [Logitech G25 Shifter](http://dmadison.github.io/Sim-Racing-Arduino/docs/logitech_shifter_g25.html)
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## Adapters
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Open source shields are available to connect the [Logitech Three Pedal Peripheral](http://dmadison.github.io/Sim-Racing-Arduino/docs/logitech_pedals.html) and the [Logitech Driving Force Shifter](http://dmadison.github.io/Sim-Racing-Arduino/docs/logitech_shifter.html) to a [SparkFun Pro Micro](https://github.com/sparkfun/Pro_Micro). The design comes with a 3D printable case and custom board files so that the adapter appears with a custom identity and "Sim Racing" name over USB. You can use these shields to build an inexpensive USB HID adapter.
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Open source shields are available to connect the [Logitech Three Pedal Peripheral](http://dmadison.github.io/Sim-Racing-Arduino/docs/logitech_pedals.html) and the Logitech shifters ([Driving Force](http://dmadison.github.io/Sim-Racing-Arduino/docs/logitech_shifter.html) / [G27](http://dmadison.github.io/Sim-Racing-Arduino/docs/logitech_shifter_g27.html) / [G25](http://dmadison.github.io/Sim-Racing-Arduino/docs/logitech_shifter_g25.html)) to a [SparkFun Pro Micro](https://github.com/sparkfun/Pro_Micro). The design comes with a 3D printable case and custom board files so that the adapter appears with a custom identity and "Sim Racing" name over USB. You can use these shields to build an inexpensive USB HID adapter.
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You can find all of the necessary files in [the project repository](https://github.com/dmadison/Sim-Racing-Shields).
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‎docs/pages/devices/logitech_shifter.md‎

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# Logitech Driving Force Shifter {#logitech_shifter}
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# Logitech Driving Force Shifter (G923 / G920 / G29) {#logitech_shifter}
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The [Logitech Driving Force Shifter](https://www.logitechg.com/en-us/products/driving/driving-force-shifter.html) is implemented using the SimRacing::LogitechShifter class.
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The [Logitech Driving Force Shifter](https://www.logitechg.com/en-us/products/driving/driving-force-shifter.html) is implemented using the SimRacing::LogitechShifter class. This shifter is included with the [G923](https://www.logitechg.com/en-us/products/driving/g923-trueforce-sim-racing-wheel.html), [G920](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logitech_G29), and [G29](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logitech_G29) wheels.
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See the ShiftPrint.ino and ShiftJoystick.ino examples for reference.
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See the LogitechShifter_Print.ino and LogitechShifter_Joystick.ino examples for reference.
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## Adapters
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@youtube_embed{https://www.youtube.com/embed/ngXsOidoWhI}
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@youtube_embed{https://www.youtube.com/embed/yLL9XBgx8bs}
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The best way to connect to the shifter is to build your own DIY adapter using a male DE-9 connector. This is simple to make and does not require any modifications to the shifter. The above video walks you through the process of wiring to an Arduino Leonardo.
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You can build your own DIY USB adapter using a male DE-9 connector. This is simple to make and does not require any modifications to the shifter. The above video walks you through the process of wiring to an Arduino Leonardo.
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If you want something more robust, an open source shield is available to connect the shifter to a [SparkFun Pro Micro](https://github.com/sparkfun/Pro_Micro). The design comes with a 3D printable case and custom board files so that the device appears as a "Sim Racing Shifter" over USB. You can use this shield to build an inexpensive USB HID adapter.
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‎docs/pages/devices/logitech_shifter_g25.md‎

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# Logitech G25 Shifter {#logitech_shifter_g25}
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The [Logitech G25](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logitech_G25) shifter is implemented using the SimRacing::LogitechShifterG25 class. See the LogitechShifterG25_Print.ino and LogitechShifterG25_Joystick.ino examples for reference.
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The G25 shifter is near-identical to the [G27 shifter](@ref logitech_shifter_g27). It includes a "sequential" shifting mode, and pins 1 and 7 of the connector are swapped (respectively: power/clock for the G25, clock/power for the G27). These pin swaps are done in the wiring between the DE-9 and internal J11 connector; the circuit board appears to be identical.
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These notes are based off of disassembling my own G25 shifter, with the internal PCB marked "202339-0000 REV. A1".
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## Adapters
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@youtube_embed{https://www.youtube.com/embed/BVbpuYmPmm0}
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You can build your own DIY USB adapter using a male DE-9 connector. This is simple to make and does not require any modifications to the shifter. The above video walks you through the process of wiring to an Arduino Leonardo.
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If you want something more robust, an open source shield is available to connect the shifter to a [SparkFun Pro Micro](https://github.com/sparkfun/Pro_Micro). The design comes with a 3D printable case and custom board files so that the device appears as a "Sim Racing Shifter" over USB. You can use this shield to build an inexpensive USB HID adapter.
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You can find all of the necessary files in [the project repository](https://github.com/dmadison/Sim-Racing-Shields).
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## Connector
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| ![DE-9_Male](DE9_Male.svg) | ![DE-9_Female](DE9_Female.svg) |
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| :-----------------------: | :---------------------------: |
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| DE-9 Male Connector | DE-9 Female connector |
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<sup>DE-9 graphic from [Aeroid](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Aeroid) @ [Wikimedia Commons](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DE9_Diagram.svg#/media/File:DE-9_Female.svg), modified for scale, colors, and creation of a complementary male version. These graphics are licensed under [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/).</sup>
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The Logitech G25 shifter connects to the wheel base unit using [a female DE-9 connector](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-subminiature). Note that most jumper wires with [DuPont headers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jump_wire) will not fit snugly into a DE-9 connector. For reliability and ease of use it's recommended to use a mating male DE-9 connector when interfacing with the shifter.
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Note that the DE-9 connector is often erroneously referred to as DB-9. These are the same thing.
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## Pinout
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| Function | DE-9 Pin | Internal J11 Pin | Data Direction | Wire Color | Necessary | Recommended Pin |
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|---------------------------|----------|------------------|----------------|------------------|-----------|-----------------|
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| Power | 1 | 1 | - | Black | | |
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| Data Output (SDO) | 2 | 7 | Out | Gray | X | 7 |
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| Latch / Chip Select | 3 | 5 | In | Yellow | X | 5 |
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| X Axis Wiper | 4 | 3 | Out | Orange | X | A0 |
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| Data In (SDI) / Power LED | 5 | 2 | In | Red | | |
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| Ground | 6 | 8 | - | Black (Sheathed) | X | GND |
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| Clock (SCLK) | 7 | 6 | In | Purple | X | 6 |
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| Y Axis Wiper | 8 | 4 | Out | Green | X | A2 |
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| Power | 9 | 1 | - | Black | X | VCC |
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Pin #2 (Data Output) is connected directly to the output of the EEPROM, and connected to the output of the shift registers through a 1000 Ohm resistor.
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Pin #3 (Latch / Chip Select) is shared between the onboard EEPROM and the shift registers. It is floating but should typically be held HIGH by the microcontroller. It must be pulsed once (HIGH / LOW / HIGH) to latch the data into the shift registers. Holding it LOW instructs the EEPROM to listen for commands.
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Pin #5 (Data In) is used exclusively by the EEPROM. It is also connected to the "Power" LED through a 330 Ohm resistor. Driving this pin LOW will turn on the LED. As the "Sequential Mode" LED is connected using a 470 Ohm resistor, I would recommend using a 100-120 Ohm resistor in series so that the pair are closer in brightness.
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Pin #7 (Clock) is connected to the clock inputs of both the EEPROM and the shift registers. It is floating but should typically be held LOW by the microcontroller. Pulsing the pin HIGH (LOW / HIGH / LOW) will shift one bit of data. Be wary of driving this pin to ground without protection, as this pin is also used as a joint power input for the [Logitech Driving Force Shifter](@ref logitech_shifter) and the [Logitech G27 Shifter](@ref logitech_shifter_g27).
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The power pins (#1 / #9) are connected together within the DE-9 connector. Either one can be used, but it is recommended to use pin 9 for compatibility with the other shifters.
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The shifter's electronics are theoretically compatibile with both 3.3V and 5V logic. Be sure to use the appropriate voltage for the logic level of your microcontroller.
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## Buttons
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The shifter includes 12 user-facing buttons:
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* Four black buttons in a diamond pattern
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* One directional pad (D-Pad)
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* Four red buttons in a straight line
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The shifter also contains two internal buttons: a button on the bottom of the shift column to indicate that it's in reverse, and a button on the sequential mode dial to indicate that it's in sequential mode.
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### Shift Registers
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These buttons are connected to the external DE-9 connector through a pair of NXP 74HC165D parallel-to-serial shift registers.
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| Button | Register | Bit | Offset | Enum |
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|-----------------------|----------|-----|--------|--------------------------------------------------|
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| (Unused) | Bottom | D7 | 15 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::BUTTON_UNUSED1 |
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| Reverse | Bottom | D6 | 14 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::BUTTON_REVERSE |
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| (Unused) | Bottom | D5 | 13 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::BUTTON_UNUSED2 |
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| Sequential Mode | Bottom | D4 | 12 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::BUTTON_SEQUENTIAL |
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| Red #3 | Bottom | D3 | 11 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::BUTTON_3 |
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| Red #2 | Bottom | D2 | 10 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::BUTTON_2 |
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| Red #4 | Bottom | D1 | 9 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::BUTTON_4 |
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| Red #1 | Bottom | D0 | 8 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::BUTTON_1 |
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| Black Up | Top | D7 | 7 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::BUTTON_NORTH |
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| Black Right | Top | D6 | 6 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::BUTTON_EAST |
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| Black Left | Top | D5 | 5 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::BUTTON_WEST |
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| Black Down | Top | D4 | 4 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::BUTTON_SOUTH |
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| Directional Pad Right | Top | D3 | 3 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::DPAD_RIGHT |
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| Directional Pad Left | Top | D2 | 2 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::DPAD_LEFT |
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| Directional Pad Down | Top | D1 | 1 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::DPAD_DOWN |
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| Directional Pad Up | Top | D0 | 0 | SimRacing::LogitechShifterG27::DPAD_UP |
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Data from the shift registers can be read using the Data Output (DE-9 #2), Latch (DE-9 #3), and Clock (DE-9 #7) pins. The latch must be pulsed LOW (HIGH / LOW / HIGH), then data read out via the data output pin while the clock is pulsed repeatedly from LOW to HIGH.
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All buttons will report a '1' state if they are pressed, and a '0' state if they are unpressed. Internally, all of these buttons are held to ground with 10k pull-downs.
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The red buttons are numbered from left to right, 1-4. The black buttons use cardinal directions.
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## EEPROM Storage
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The Logitech shifter has an internal EEPROM chip, presumably for storing settings and calibration data. In my shifter this is an [ST Microelectronics M95010-W](https://www.st.com/resource/en/datasheet/m95010-w.pdf) in an SO8 package. It has 1 Kbit of memory and can be read and written to via the DE-9 connector. The EERPOM does not need to be used in order to retrieve the control surface data from the shifter.
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This library does not implement EEPROM support, either for reading from the EEPROM or utilizing its data.

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