feat: add swift implementation to lcof2 problem: No.109

Author: klever34

lcof2/剑指 Offer II 109. 开密码锁/Solution.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+class Solution {
+    func openLock(_ deadends: [String], _ target: String) -> Int {
+        let deadSet = Set(deadends)
+        if deadSet.contains(target) || deadSet.contains("0000") {
+            return -1
+        }
+        if target == "0000" {
+            return 0
+        }
+        
+        var visited = Set<String>()
+        var queue = ["0000"]
+        visited.insert("0000")
+        var step = 0
+        
+        while !queue.isEmpty {
+            step += 1
+            for _ in 0..<queue.count {
+                let status = queue.removeFirst()
+                for neighbor in getNeighbors(status) {
+                    if visited.contains(neighbor) || deadSet.contains(neighbor) {
+                        continue
+                    }
+                    if neighbor == target {
+                        return step
+                    }
+                    queue.append(neighbor)
+                    visited.insert(neighbor)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        
+        return -1
+    }
+    
+    private func getNeighbors(_ lock: String) -> [String] {
+        var neighbors = [String]()
+        var chars = Array(lock)
+        for i in 0..<4 {
+            let original = chars[i]
+            chars[i] = prevChar(original)
+            neighbors.append(String(chars))
+            chars[i] = nextChar(original)
+            neighbors.append(String(chars))
+            chars[i] = original
+        }
+        return neighbors
+    }
+    
+    private func prevChar(_ c: Character) -> Character {
+        return c == "0" ? "9" : Character(UnicodeScalar(c.asciiValue! - 1))
+    }
+
+    private func nextChar(_ c: Character) -> Character {
+        return c == "9" ? "0" : Character(UnicodeScalar(c.asciiValue! + 1))
+    }
+}