feat(Edit Mode) dotCMS#30799 : Creating a Lucene Query Builder service to abstract and automate query generation (dotCMS#31274)

### Proposed Changes
* Creates a Lucene Query Builder service that developers can use to
generate Lucene queries easily.
* It abstracts the appropriate formatting of all searchable fields in
dotCMS, and generates a Lucene query the same way that the current
`Search` portlet does.
* This new service will be used by both the dynamic search dialog of the
`Relationships` field, and the future new `Search` portlet.
* The new Lucene Query Builder relies on these main classes:
* `com.dotcms.rest.api.v1.content.search.strategies.FieldHandlerId`:
Provides the different types of Content Type fields or system searchable
attributes that allow Users to query for content. They can represent an
actual field value, or can be other attributes such as the
locked/unlocked status, the Language ID, etc.
*
`com.dotcms.rest.api.v1.content.search.strategies.FieldStrategyFactory`:
Associates each Field Handler with its corresponding Field Strategy.
Each implementation of a Field Strategy defines the way the value of a
given field must be included and/or formatted in a Lucene query. We can
have direct access to a Field Strategy for either User Searchable
Fields, or System Searchable Fields.
* `com.dotcms.rest.api.v1.content.search.handlers.FieldHandlerRegistry`:
Associates each User Searchable Field within a Content Type with their
respective Field Strategy. For instance, the `TextFieldStrategy` defines
the way text-based fields must be queried via Lucene, which include
fields such as: Text, Text Area, WYSIWYG, Block Editor, etc.; whereas
the `DateTimeFieldStrategy` handles fields such as: Date, Date and Time,
and Time. This way, we can have a centralized point that takes a field
and returns the strategy we need to execute to generate the query for
it.

Author: jcastro-dotcms

dotCMS/src/main/java/com/dotcms/rest/api/v1/content/ContentSearchForm.java

@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+package com.dotcms.rest.api.v1.content;
+
+import com.dotcms.variant.VariantAPI;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import static com.liferay.util.StringPool.BLANK;
+
+/**
+ * This class contains all the information needed to search for content in the dotCMS repository.
+ * All data is sent via JSON using the following format:
+ * <pre>
+ *     <code>
+ * {
+ *         "globalSearch": "",
+ *         "searchableFieldsByContentType": {
+ *             "{{CONTENT_TYPE_ID_OR_VAR_NAME}}": {
+ *                 "binary": "{{STRING}}",
+ *                 "blockEditor": "{{STRING}}",
+ *                 "category": "{{STRING: Comma-separated list of Category IDs}}",
+ *                 "checkbox": "{{STRING: Comma-separated list of values}}",
+ *                 "custom": "{{STRING}}",
+ *                 "date": "{{STRING}}: Can use ranges by including the [ and ] characters",
+ *                 "dateAndTime": "{{STRING}}: Date or date and time. Can use ranges by including
+ *                 the [ and ] characters",
+ *                 "json": "{{STRING}: Matches any String in the JSON object}",
+ *                 "keyValue": "{{STRING}: Matches keys and values in
+ *                 "multiSelect": "{{STRING: Comma-separated list of values, not labels}}",
+ *                 "radio": "{{STRING}: Matches values, not labels}",
+ *                 "relationships": "{{STRING:ID of the contentlet that must be referenced by the
+ *                 content(s) you want to query}}",
+ *                 "select": "{{STRING}: Matches values, not labels}",
+ *                 "tag": "{{STRING:comma-separated list of Tag names}}",
+ *                 "title": "{{STRING}}",
+ *                 "textArea": "{{STRING}}",
+ *                 "time": "{{STRING}: Can use ranges by including the [ and ] characters}",
+ *                 "wysiwyg": "{{STRING}}"
+ *             }
+ *         },
+ *         "systemSearchableFields": {
+ *             "siteId": "{{STRING}}",
+ *             "languageId": {{INTEGER}},
+ *             "workflowSchemeId": "{{STRING}}",
+ *             "workflowStepId": "{{STRING}}",
+ *             "variantName": "{{STRING}}",
+ *             "systemHostContent": {{BOOLEAN}}
+ *         },
+ *         "archivedContent": {{BOOLEAN}},
+ *         "unpublishedContent": {{BOOLEAN}},
+ *         "lockedContent": {{BOOLEAN}},
+ *         "orderBy": "{{STRING}}",
+ *         "page": {{INTEGER}},
+ *         "perPage": {{INTEGER}}
+ *     }
+ * </code>
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * @author Jose Castro
+ * @since Jan 29th, 2025
+ */
+@JsonDeserialize(builder = ContentSearchForm.Builder.class)
+public class ContentSearchForm implements Serializable {
+
+    private final String globalSearch;
+    private final Map<String, Map<String, Object>> searchableFieldsByContentType;
+    private final Map<String, Object> systemSearchableFields;
+
+    private final String archivedContent;
+    private final String unpublishedContent;
+    private final String lockedContent;
+
+    private final String orderBy;
+    private final int page;
+    private final int perPage;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates an instance of this class using the provided Builder.
+     *
+     * @param builder The {@link Builder} instance to use.
+     */
+    private ContentSearchForm(final Builder builder) {
+        this.globalSearch = builder.globalSearch;
+        this.searchableFieldsByContentType = builder.searchableFieldsByContentType;
+        this.systemSearchableFields = builder.systemSearchableFields;
+
+        this.lockedContent = builder.lockedContent;
+        this.unpublishedContent = builder.unpublishedContent;
+        this.archivedContent = builder.archivedContent;
+
+        this.orderBy = builder.orderBy;
+        this.page = builder.page;
+        this.perPage = builder.perPage;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the global search term. This attribute represents, for instance, the global search
+     * box that you can see in the {@code Search} portlet, and in the dynamic search dialog in the
+     * {@code Relationships} field.
+     *
+     * @return The global search term.
+     */
+    public String globalSearch() {
+        return this.globalSearch;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a map containing all the searchable fields for each content type. The key of the map
+     * is the content type ID or variable name, and the value is another map containing the fields
+     * and their values.
+     *
+     * @return A map containing all the searchable fields for each content type.
+     */
+    public Map<String, Map<String, Object>> searchableFields() {
+        return this.searchableFieldsByContentType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a list of searchable fields for a specific content type.
+     *
+     * @param contentTypeId The ID or variable name of the content type.
+     *
+     * @return A list of searchable fields for the specified content type.
+     */
+    public List<String> searchableFields(final String contentTypeId) {
+        return null != this.searchableFieldsByContentType
+                ? new ArrayList<>(this.searchableFieldsByContentType.getOrDefault(contentTypeId, new HashMap<>()).keySet())
+                : List.of();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an Optional with the value of a specific field for a specific content type.
+     *
+     * @param contentTypeIdOrVar The ID or variable name of the content type.
+     * @param fieldVarName       The variable name of the field.
+     *
+     * @return An {@link Optional} with the value of the field, or an empty Optional if the field is
+     * not found.
+     */
+    public Optional<Object> searchableFieldsByContentTypeAndField(final String contentTypeIdOrVar,
+                                                                  final String fieldVarName) {
+        return null != this.searchableFieldsByContentType && null != this.searchableFieldsByContentType.get(contentTypeIdOrVar)
+                ? Optional.of(this.searchableFieldsByContentType.get(contentTypeIdOrVar).get(fieldVarName))
+                : Optional.empty();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a map containing all the system searchable fields. These fields are used to filter
+     * content based on system properties like the site ID, language ID, workflow scheme ID, etc.
+     * and not actual fields in a Content Type.
+     *
+     * @return A map containing all the system searchable fields.
+     */
+    public Map<String, Object> systemSearchableFields() {
+        return null != this.systemSearchableFields
+                ? this.systemSearchableFields
+                : Map.of();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the site ID to filter the content by.
+     *
+     * @return The site ID to filter the content by.
+     */
+    public String siteId() {
+        return (String) this.systemSearchableFields().getOrDefault("siteId", BLANK);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the language ID to filter the content by.
+     *
+     * @return The language ID to filter the content by.
+     */
+    public int languageId() {
+        return (int) this.systemSearchableFields().getOrDefault("languageId", -1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the workflow scheme ID to filter the content by.
+     *
+     * @return The workflow scheme ID to filter the content by.
+     */
+    public String workflowSchemeId() {
+        return (String) this.systemSearchableFields().getOrDefault("workflowSchemeId", BLANK);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the workflow step ID to filter the content by.
+     *
+     * @return The workflow step ID to filter the content by.
+     */
+    public String workflowStepId() {
+        return (String) this.systemSearchableFields().getOrDefault("workflowStepId", BLANK);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the variant name to filter the content by.
+     *
+     * @return The variant name to filter the content by.
+     */
+    public String variantName() {
+        return (String) this.systemSearchableFields().getOrDefault("variantName", VariantAPI.DEFAULT_VARIANT.name());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a boolean indicating whether the generated Lucene query must look for content living
+     * under System host or not.
+     *
+     * @return If the generated Lucene query must look for content living under System host, returns
+     * {@code true}.
+     */
+    public boolean systemHostContent() {
+        return (boolean) this.systemSearchableFields().getOrDefault("systemHostContent", true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the criterion being used to filter results by.
+     *
+     * @return The criterion being used to filter results by.
+     */
+    public String orderBy() {
+        return this.orderBy;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a list of content type IDs that can be used to filter the search results.
+     *
+     * @return A list of content type IDs that can be used to filter the search results.
+     */
+    public List<String> contentTypeIds() {
+        if (null == this.searchableFieldsByContentType) {
+            return List.of();
+        }
+        return new ArrayList<>(this.searchableFieldsByContentType.keySet());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a boolean indicating whether the search results must include archived content or not.
+     *
+     * @return If the search results must include archived content, returns {@code true}.
+     */
+    public String archivedContent() {
+        return this.archivedContent;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a boolean indicating whether the search results must include unpublished content or
+     * not.
+     *
+     * @return If the search results must include unpublished content, returns {@code true}.
+     */
+    public String unpublishedContent() {
+        return this.unpublishedContent;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a boolean indicating whether the search results must include locked content or not.
+     *
+     * @return If the search results must include locked content, returns {@code true}.
+     */
+    public String lockedContent() {
+        return this.lockedContent;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the page number to be used to paginate the search results.
+     *
+     * @return The page number to be used to paginate the search results.
+     */
+    public int page() {
+        return this.page;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the number of results to be shown per page.
+     *
+     * @return The number of results to be shown per page.
+     */
+    public int perPage() {
+        return this.perPage;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the offset to be used to paginate the search results.
+     *
+     * @return The offset to be used to paginate the search results.
+     */
+    public int offset() {
+        if (this.page != 0) {
+            return this.perPage * (this.page - 1);
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "ContentSearchForm{" +
+                "globalSearch='" + globalSearch + '\'' +
+                ", searchableFieldsByContentType=" + searchableFieldsByContentType +
+                ", systemSearchableFields=" + systemSearchableFields +
+                ", archivedContent='" + archivedContent + '\'' +
+                ", unpublishedContent='" + unpublishedContent + '\'' +
+                ", lockedContent='" + lockedContent + '\'' +
+                ", orderBy='" + orderBy + '\'' +
+                ", page=" + page +
+                ", perPage=" + perPage +
+                '}';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Allows you to create an instance of the {@link ContentSearchForm} class using a Builder.
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+
+        @JsonProperty
+        private String globalSearch = BLANK;
+        @JsonProperty
+        private Map<String, Map<String, Object>> searchableFieldsByContentType = new HashMap<>();
+        @JsonProperty
+        private Map<String, Object> systemSearchableFields;
+
+        @JsonProperty
+        private String archivedContent = BLANK;
+        @JsonProperty
+        private String unpublishedContent = BLANK;
+        @JsonProperty
+        private String lockedContent = BLANK;
+
+        @JsonProperty
+        private String orderBy = BLANK;
+        @JsonProperty
+        private int page = 0;
+        @JsonProperty
+        private int perPage = 0;
+
+        public Builder globalSearch(final String globalSearch) {
+            this.globalSearch = globalSearch;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Builder searchableFieldsByContentType(final Map<String, Map<String, Object>> searchableFields) {
+            this.searchableFieldsByContentType = searchableFields;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Builder systemSearchableFields(final Map<String, Object> systemSearchableFields) {
+            this.systemSearchableFields = systemSearchableFields;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Builder archivedContent(final String archivedContent) {
+            this.archivedContent = archivedContent;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Builder unpublishedContent(final String unpublishedContent) {
+            this.unpublishedContent = unpublishedContent;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Builder lockedContent(final String lockedContent) {
+            this.lockedContent = lockedContent;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Builder orderBy(final String orderBy) {
+            this.orderBy = orderBy;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Builder page(final int page) {
+            this.page = page;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Builder perPage(final int perPage) {
+            this.perPage = perPage;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public ContentSearchForm build() {
+            return new ContentSearchForm(this);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}