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gewarren merged 3 commits into from
Nov 12, 2024
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More updates for .NET 9 GA #43410

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50647e0
view= and API ref links
gewarren Nov 10, 2024
dc9d97b
updates for .net 9 ga
gewarren Nov 11, 2024
d27838b
update what's new links
gewarren Nov 12, 2024
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6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions api/index.md
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Expand Up @@ -3,12 +3,12 @@ description: Explore Microsoft's comprehensive .NET API browser. Your ultimate r
layout: ApiBrowserPage
hide_bc: true
title: .NET API browser
quickFilterColumn1: net-8.0,netframework-4.8,netstandard-2.1
quickFilterColumn2: aspnetcore-8.0,efcore-8.0,net-maui-8.0
quickFilterColumn1: net-9.0,netframework-4.8,netstandard-2.1
quickFilterColumn2: aspnetcore-9.0,efcore-8.0,net-maui-8.0
quickFilterColumn3: azure-dotnet,ml-dotnet,spark-dotnet
ms.topic: landing-page
ms.custom: "updateeachrelease"
ms.date: 11/14/2023
ms.date: 11/10/2024
---
# .NET API browser

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10 changes: 5 additions & 5 deletions docs/csharp/index.yml
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Expand Up @@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ tools:
imageSrc: /visualstudio/media/vs-ide-2022.svg
url: /visualstudio/windows
# Card
- title: Visual Studio Code
- title: Visual Studio Code
imageSrc: /visualstudio/media/vs-code-logo.svg
url: https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/csharp/get-started

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ additionalContent:
# Card
- title: ".NET API reference"
summary: API reference documentation for .NET
url: ../../api/index.md?view=net-8.0
url: ../../api/index.md?view=net-9.0
# Card
- title: ".NET Framework API reference"
summary: API reference documentation for .NET Framework
Expand All @@ -319,9 +319,9 @@ additionalContent:
summary: API reference documentation for ML.NET
url: ../../api/index.md?view=ml-dotnet&preserve-view=true
# Card
- title: ".NET Platform Extensions API reference"
summary: API reference documentation for .NET Platform Extensions
url: ../../api/index.md?view=dotnet-plat-ext-8.0&preserve-view=true
- title: ".NET Package-provided API reference"
summary: Reference documentation for package-provided .NET APIs
url: ../../api/index.md?view=dotnet-9.0-pp&preserve-view=true

# footer (Optional; Remove if not applicable.)
footer: "Are you interested in contributing to the .NET docs? For more information, see our [contributor guide](/contribute/dotnet/dotnet-contribute)."
4 changes: 3 additions & 1 deletion docs/csharp/language-reference/index.yml
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Expand Up @@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ landingContent:
linkLists:
- linkListType: whats-new
links:
- text: "What's new in C# 13"
url: ../whats-new/csharp-13.md
- text: "What's new in C# 12"
url: ../whats-new/csharp-12.md
- text: "What's new in C# 11"
Expand All @@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ landingContent:
url: ../whats-new/breaking-changes.md
- text: Version compatibility
url: ../whats-new/version-update-considerations.md


- title: "Stay in touch"
linkLists:
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4 changes: 3 additions & 1 deletion docs/fsharp/index.yml
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Expand Up @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ landingContent:
- text: "F# library reference"
url: https://fsharp.github.io/fsharp-core-docs
- text: ".NET library reference"
url: ../../api/index.md?view=net-8.0
url: ../../api/index.md?view=net-9.0

- title: "F# fundamentals"
linkLists:
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -121,6 +121,8 @@ landingContent:
linkLists:
- linkListType: whats-new
links:
- text: "What's new in F# 9"
url: whats-new/fsharp-9.md
- text: "What's new in F# 8"
url: whats-new/fsharp-8.md
- text: "What's new in F# 7"
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16 changes: 8 additions & 8 deletions docs/index.yml
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Expand Up @@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ conceptualContent:
- url: core/tutorials/index.md
itemType: tutorial
text: .NET tutorials
- url: core/whats-new/dotnet-8/overview.md
- url: core/whats-new/dotnet-9/overview.md
itemType: whats-new
text: What's new in .NET 8
text: What's new in .NET 9
- url: https://dotnetfoundation.org
itemType: overview
text: .NET Foundation
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -368,23 +368,23 @@ additionalContent:
# Card
- title: ".NET API reference"
summary: API reference documentation for .NET
url: ../api/index.md?view=net-8.0
url: ../api/index.md?view=net-9.0
# Card
- title: ".NET Framework API reference"
summary: API reference documentation for .NET Framework
url: ../api/index.md?view=netframework-4.8&preserve-view=true
# Card
- title: "ASP.NET Core API reference"
summary: API reference documentation for ASP.NET Core
url: ../api/index.md?view=view=aspnetcore-8.0&preserve-view=true
url: ../api/index.md?view=view=aspnetcore-9.0&preserve-view=true
# Card
- title: "ML.NET API reference"
summary: API reference documentation for ML.NET
url: ../api/index.md?view=ml-dotnet&preserve-view=true
# Card
- title: ".NET Platform Extensions API reference"
summary: API reference documentation for .NET Platform Extensions
url: ../api/index.md?view=dotnet-plat-ext-8.0&preserve-view=true
- title: ".NET Package-provided API reference"
summary: Reference documentation for package-provided .NET APIs
url: ../api/index.md?view=dotnet-9.0-pp&preserve-view=true
# Card
- title: "C# language reference"
summary: C# language reference and specification
Expand All @@ -399,4 +399,4 @@ additionalContent:
url: visual-basic/language-reference/index.md

# footer (optional)
footer: "Are you interested in contributing to the .NET docs? For more information, see our [contributor guide](/contribute/dotnet/dotnet-contribute)."
footer: "Are you interested in contributing to the .NET docs? For more information, see our [contributor guide](/contribute/dotnet/dotnet-contribute)."
88 changes: 46 additions & 42 deletions docs/standard/frameworks.md
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
---
title: Target frameworks in SDK-style projects - .NET
description: Learn about target frameworks for .NET apps and libraries.
ms.date: 12/12/2023
ms.date: 11/11/2024
ms.service: dotnet
ms.custom: updateeachrelease
ms.subservice: standard-library
Expand All @@ -26,10 +26,8 @@ The following table defines the most common target frameworks, how they're refer

| Target framework | Latest <br/> stable version | Target framework moniker (TFM) | Implemented <br/> .NET Standard version |
|:----------------:|:---------------------------:|:------------------------------:|:---------------------------------------:|
| .NET 9 | 9 | net9.0 | 2.1 |
| .NET 8 | 8 | net8.0 | 2.1 |
| .NET 7 | 7 | net7.0 | 2.1 |
| .NET 6 | 6 | net6.0 | 2.1 |
| .NET 5 | 5 | net5.0 | 2.1 |
| .NET Standard | 2.1 | netstandard2.1 | N/A |
| .NET Core | 3.1 | netcoreapp3.1 | 2.1 |
| .NET Framework | 4.8.1 | net481 | 2.0 |
Expand All @@ -53,52 +51,59 @@ A target framework is typically referenced by a TFM. The following table shows t

### .NET 5+ OS-specific TFMs

The `net5.0`, `net6.0`, `net7.0`, and `net8.0` TFMs include technologies that work across different platforms. Specifying an *OS-specific TFM* makes APIs that are specific to an operating system available to your app, for example, Windows Forms or iOS bindings. OS-specific TFMs also inherit every API available to their base TFM, for example, the `net6.0` TFM.
The `net5.0`, `net6.0`, `net7.0`, `net8.0`, and `net.0` TFMs include technologies that work across different platforms. Specifying an *OS-specific TFM* makes APIs that are specific to an operating system available to your app, for example, Windows Forms or iOS bindings. OS-specific TFMs also inherit every API available to their base TFM, for example, the `net9.0` TFM.

.NET 5 introduced the `net5.0-windows` OS-specific TFM, which includes Windows-specific bindings for WinForms, WPF, and UWP APIs. .NET 6 and later versions have additional OS-specific TFMs, for example, `net6.0-ios`.

The following table shows the compatibility of the .NET 5+ TFMs.

| TFM | Compatible with |
|--------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| TFM | Compatible with |
|----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `net5.0` | net1..4 (with NU1701 warning)<br />netcoreapp1..3.1 (warning when WinForms or WPF is referenced)<br />netstandard1..2.1 |
| `net5.0-windows` | netcoreapp1..3.1 (plus everything else inherited from `net5.0`) |
| `net6.0` | (Subsequent version of `net5.0`) |
| `net6.0-android` | `xamarin.android` (plus everything else inherited from `net6.0`) |
| `net6.0-ios` | Everything inherited from `net6.0` |
| `net6.0-maccatalyst` | Everything inherited from `net6.0` |
| `net6.0-macos` | Everything inherited from `net6.0` |
| `net6.0-tvos` | Everything inherited from `net6.0` |
| `net6.0-windows` | (Subsequent version of `net5.0-windows`) |
| `net7.0` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0`) |
| `net7.0-android` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0-android`) |
| `net7.0-ios` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0-ios`) |
| `net7.0-maccatalyst` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0-maccatalyst`) |
| `net7.0-macos` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0-macos`) |
| `net7.0-tizen` | `tizen40` (plus everything else inherited from `net7.0`) |
| `net7.0-tvos` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0-tvos`) |
| `net7.0-windows` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0-windows`) |
| `net8.0` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0`) |
| `net8.0-android` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-android`) |
| `net8.0-browser` | Everything inherited from `net8.0` |
| `net8.0-ios` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-ios`) |
| `net8.0-maccatalyst` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-maccatalyst`) |
| `net8.0-macos` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-macos`) |
| `net8.0-tizen` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-tizen`) |
| `net8.0-tvos` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-tvos`) |
| `net8.0-windows` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-windows`) |
| `net5.0-windows` | netcoreapp1..3.1 (plus everything else inherited from `net5.0`) |
| `net6.0` | (Subsequent version of `net5.0`) |
| `net6.0-android` | `xamarin.android` (plus everything else inherited from `net6.0`) |
| `net6.0-ios` | Everything inherited from `net6.0` |
| `net6.0-maccatalyst` | Everything inherited from `net6.0` |
| `net6.0-macos` | Everything inherited from `net6.0` |
| `net6.0-tvos` | Everything inherited from `net6.0` |
| `net6.0-windows` | (Subsequent version of `net5.0-windows`) |
| `net7.0` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0`) |
| `net7.0-android` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0-android`) |
| `net7.0-ios` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0-ios`) |
| `net7.0-maccatalyst` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0-maccatalyst`) |
| `net7.0-macos` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0-macos`) |
| `net7.0-tizen` | `tizen40` (plus everything else inherited from `net7.0`) |
| `net7.0-tvos` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0-tvos`) |
| `net7.0-windows` | (Subsequent version of `net6.0-windows`) |
| `net8.0` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0`) |
| `net8.0-android` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-android`) |
| `net8.0-browser` | Everything inherited from `net8.0` |
| `net8.0-ios` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-ios`) |
| `net8.0-maccatalyst` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-maccatalyst`) |
| `net8.0-macos` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-macos`) |
| `net8.0-tizen` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-tizen`) |
| `net8.0-tvos` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-tvos`) |
| `net8.0-windows` | (Subsequent version of `net7.0-windows`) |
| `net9.0` | (Subsequent version of `net8.0`) |
| `net9.0-android` | (Subsequent version of `net8.0-android`) |
| `net9.0-browser` | (Subsequent version of `net8.0-browser`) |
| `net9.0-ios` | (Subsequent version of `net8.0-ios`) |
| `net9.0-maccatalyst` | (Subsequent version of `net8.0-maccatalyst`) |
| `net9.0-macos` | (Subsequent version of `net8.0-macos`) |
| `net9.0-tizen` | (Subsequent version of `net8.0-tizen`) |
| `net9.0-tvos` | (Subsequent version of `net8.0-tvos`) |
| `net9.0-windows` | (Subsequent version of `net8.0-windows`) |

To make your app portable across different platforms but still have access to OS-specific APIs, you can target multiple OS-specific TFMs and add platform guards around OS-specific API calls using `#if` preprocessor directives. For a list of the available symbols, see [Preprocessor symbols](#preprocessor-symbols).

#### Suggested targets

Use these guidelines to determine which TFM to use in your app:

- Apps that are portable to multiple platforms should target a base TFM, for example, `net8.0`. This includes most libraries but also ASP.NET Core and Entity Framework.

- Platform-specific libraries should target platform-specific flavors. For example, WinForms and WPF projects should target `net8.0-windows`.

- Cross-platform application models (Xamarin Forms, ASP.NET Core) and bridge packs (Xamarin Essentials) should at least target the base TFM, for example, `net8.0`, but might also target additional platform-specific flavors to light-up more APIs or features.
- Apps that are portable to multiple platforms should target a base TFM, for example, `net9.0`. This includes most libraries but also ASP.NET Core and Entity Framework.
- Platform-specific libraries should target platform-specific flavors. For example, WinForms and WPF projects should target `net9.0-windows`.
- Cross-platform application models (Xamarin Forms, ASP.NET Core) and bridge packs (Xamarin Essentials) should at least target the base TFM, for example, `net9.0`, but might also target additional platform-specific flavors to light-up more APIs or features.

#### OS version in TFMs

Expand All @@ -110,9 +115,8 @@ The following table shows the default target platform values (TPV) for each .NET

| .NET version | Android | iOS | Mac Catalyst | macOS | tvOS | Tizen | Windows |
|--------------|--------:|-----:|-------------:|------:|-----:|------:|--------:|
| .NET 6 | 31.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 12.0 | 15.1 | - | 7.0 |
| .NET 7 | 33.0 | 16.1 | 16.1 | 13.0 | 16.1 | 7.0 | 7.0 |
| .NET 8 | 34.0 | 17.2 | 17.2 | 14.2 | 17.1 | 8.0 | 7.0 |
| .NET 8 | 34.0 | 17.2 | 17.2 | 14.2 | 17.1 | 7.0 | 10.0 |
| .NET 9 | 35.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 15.0 | | 7.0 | 10.0 |

> [!NOTE]
> On Apple platforms (iOS, macOS, tvOS, and Mac Catalyst) in .NET 8 and earlier,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -155,14 +159,14 @@ Here is an example excerpt of a project file that uses the `TargetFramework` and

## How to specify a target framework

Target frameworks are specified in a project file. When a single target framework is specified, use the [TargetFramework element](../core/project-sdk/msbuild-props.md#targetframework). The following console app project file demonstrates how to target .NET 8:
Target frameworks are specified in a project file. When a single target framework is specified, use the [TargetFramework element](../core/project-sdk/msbuild-props.md#targetframework). The following console app project file demonstrates how to target .NET 9:

```xml
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">

<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
<TargetFramework>net9.0</TargetFramework>
</PropertyGroup>

</Project>
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions docs/standard/library-guidance/cross-platform-targeting.md
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---
title: Cross-platform targeting for .NET libraries
description: Best practice recommendations for creating cross-platform .NET libraries.
ms.date: 11/14/2023
ms.date: 11/11/2024
---

# Cross-platform targeting
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ If your project targets .NET or .NET Standard and compiles successfully, it does

✔️ DO include a `net6.0` target or later if you require new APIs introduced in a modern .NET.

> .NET 6 and later apps can use a `netstandard2.0` target, so `net6.0` isn't required. You should explicitly target `net6.0`, `net7.0`, or `net8.0` when you want to use newer .NET APIs.
> .NET 6 and later apps can use a `netstandard2.0` target, so `net6.0` isn't required. You should explicitly target `net6.0`, `net7.0`, `net8.0`, or `net9.0` when you want to use newer .NET APIs.

❌ AVOID including a `netstandard1.x` target.

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