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Renamed chap 03 to chap 04
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‎SourceCode/chap_04-Operations/Lesson_01/ArithmeticOperations.java‎

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public class ArithmeticOperations {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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String banner = repeatChar('=', 50);
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// String text = "Numeric Operations in Java";
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// int width = 52;
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// String centeredText = centerText(text, width);
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System.out.println(banner);
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System.out.println(centerText("Numeric Operations in Java", 50));
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System.out.println(banner);
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// Declare numeric variables
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int intA = 10;
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int intB = 20;
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double doubleA = 15.5;
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double doubleB = 4.5;
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// Arithmetic Operations
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System.out.println(centerText("Arithmetic Operations:", 50));
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System.out.println("intA + intB = " + (intA + intB)); // Addition
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System.out.println("intA - intB = " + (intA - intB)); // Subtraction
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System.out.println("intA * intB = " + (intA * intB)); // Multiplication
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System.out.println("intA / intB = " + (intA / intB)); // Division
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System.out.println("intA % intB = " + (intA % intB)); // Modulus
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System.out.println("doubleA + doubleB = " + (doubleA + doubleB)); // Addition
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System.out.println("doubleA - doubleB = " + (doubleA - doubleB)); // Subtraction
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System.out.println("doubleA * doubleB = " + (doubleA * doubleB)); // Multiplication
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System.out.println("doubleA / doubleB = " + (doubleA / doubleB)); // Division
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System.out.println("doubleA % doubleB = " + (doubleA % doubleB)); // Modulus
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// Relational Operations
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System.out.println("\nRelational Operations:");
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System.out.println("intA == intB = " + (intA == intB)); // Equal to
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System.out.println("intA != intB = " + (intA != intB)); // Not equal to
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System.out.println("intA > intB = " + (intA > intB)); // Greater than
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System.out.println("intA < intB = " + (intA < intB)); // Less than
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System.out.println("intA >= intB = " + (intA >= intB)); // Greater than or equal to
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System.out.println("intA <= intB = " + (intA <= intB)); // Less than or equal to
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// Bitwise Operations
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System.out.println("\nBitwise Operations:");
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System.out.println("intA & intB = " + (intA & intB)); // Bitwise AND
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System.out.println("intA | intB = " + (intA | intB)); // Bitwise OR
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System.out.println("intA ^ intB = " + (intA ^ intB)); // Bitwise XOR
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System.out.println("~intA = " + (~intA)); // Bitwise NOT
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System.out.println("intA << 2 = " + (intA << 2)); // Left shift
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System.out.println("intA >> 2 = " + (intA >> 2)); // Right shift
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System.out.println("intA >>> 2 = " + (intA >>> 2)); // Unsigned right shift
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// Type Casting
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System.out.println("\nType Casting:");
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int intC = (int) doubleA; // Casting double to int
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double doubleC = intA; // Implicit casting int to double
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System.out.println("Casting doubleA to int: " + intC);
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System.out.println("Implicit casting intA to double: " + doubleC);
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System.out.println(banner);
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}
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// Method to repeat a character n times and used as a banner
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public static String repeatChar(char ch, int n) {
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StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(n);
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for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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sb.append(ch);
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}
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return sb.toString();
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}
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// Method to center text within a given width
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public static String centerText(String text, int width) {
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if (text.length() >= width) {
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return text;
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}
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int padding = width - text.length();
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int paddingLeft = padding / 2;
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int paddingRight = padding - paddingLeft;
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StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
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for (int i = 0; i < paddingLeft; i++) {
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sb.append(' ');
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}
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sb.append(text);
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for (int i = 0; i < paddingRight; i++) {
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sb.append(' ');
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}
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return sb.toString();
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}
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}

‎SourceCode/chap_04-Operations/Lesson_01/ArithmeticOperators.java‎

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/*****************************************************************************
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* PROJECT: Java-101 Comprehensive Programming Course
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* MODULE: Introduction to Java Fundamentals
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* LESSON: 2.1 - Arithmetic Operators
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*
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* AUTHOR: Dr. Saad Laouadi, Ph.D.
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* CREATED: March 2025
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*
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* Copyright © 2025 Dr. Saad Laouadi. All Rights Reserved.
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* See LICENSE file for complete terms.
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*****************************************************************************/
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public class ArithmeticOperators {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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// Variables for demonstration
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int a = 10;
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int b = 3;
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System.out.println("ARITHMETIC OPERATORS DEMONSTRATION");
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System.out.println("==================================");
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System.out.println("Working with variables: a = " + a + ", b = " + b);
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// Addition operator (+)
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int sum = a + b;
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System.out.println("\n1. Addition (+)");
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System.out.println(" a + b = " + sum);
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System.out.println(" 15 + 7 = " + (15 + 7));
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// Subtraction operator (-)
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int difference = a - b;
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System.out.println("\n2. Subtraction (-)");
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System.out.println(" a - b = " + difference);
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System.out.println(" 15 - 7 = " + (15 - 7));
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// Multiplication operator (*)
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int product = a * b;
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System.out.println("\n3. Multiplication (*)");
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System.out.println(" a * b = " + product);
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System.out.println(" 5 * 6 = " + (5 * 6));
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// Division operator (/)
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int quotient = a / b;
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double preciseQuotient = (double)a / b;
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System.out.println("\n4. Division (/)");
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System.out.println(" a / b = " + quotient + " (integer division truncates decimal part)");
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System.out.println(" (double)a / b = " + preciseQuotient + " (casting to double gives decimal result)");
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System.out.println(" 15 / 2 = " + (15 / 2) + " (integer division)");
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System.out.println(" 15.0 / 2 = " + (15.0 / 2) + " (floating-point division)");
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// Modulus operator (%)
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int remainder = a % b;
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System.out.println("\n5. Modulus (%)");
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System.out.println(" a % b = " + remainder + " (remainder of a divided by b)");
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System.out.println(" 17 % 5 = " + (17 % 5) + " (remainder of 17 divided by 5)");
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// Unary plus operator (+)
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int positive = +a;
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System.out.println("\n6. Unary Plus (+)");
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System.out.println(" +a = " + positive + " (maintains the sign)");
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// Unary minus operator (-)
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int negative = -a;
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System.out.println("\n7. Unary Minus (-)");
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System.out.println(" -a = " + negative + " (reverses the sign)");
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// Increment operator (++)
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int c = a;
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System.out.println("\n8. Increment (++)");
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System.out.println(" Starting with c = " + c);
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System.out.println(" Prefix increment (++c): " + (++c) + " (increments first, then uses the value)");
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System.out.println(" c is now: " + c);
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System.out.println(" Postfix increment (c++): " + (c++) + " (uses the value first, then increments)");
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System.out.println(" c is now: " + c);
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// Decrement operator (--)
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int d = a;
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System.out.println("\n9. Decrement (--)");
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System.out.println(" Starting with d = " + d);
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System.out.println(" Prefix decrement (--d): " + (--d) + " (decrements first, then uses the value)");
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System.out.println(" d is now: " + d);
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System.out.println(" Postfix decrement (d--): " + (d--) + " (uses the value first, then decrements)");
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System.out.println(" d is now: " + d);
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// Example with expressions
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System.out.println("\nComplex Expressions:");
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System.out.println(" (4 + 5) * 2 = " + ((4 + 5) * 2) + " (parentheses control order of operations)");
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System.out.println(" 5 + 3 * 2 = " + (5 + 3 * 2) + " (multiplication has higher precedence than addition)");
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// Operator precedence demonstration
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System.out.println("\nOperator Precedence:");
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System.out.println(" 10 + 20 / 5 = " + (10 + 20 / 5) + " (division happens before addition)");
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System.out.println(" (10 + 20) / 5 = " + ((10 + 20) / 5) + " (parentheses override default precedence)");
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}
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}

‎SourceCode/chap_04-Operations/Lesson_02/RelationalOperations.java‎

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public class ArithmeticOperations {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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String banner = repeatChar('=', 50);
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// String text = "Numeric Operations in Java";
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// int width = 52;
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// String centeredText = centerText(text, width);
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System.out.println(banner);
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System.out.println(centerText("Numeric Operations in Java", 50));
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System.out.println(banner);
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// Declare numeric variables
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int intA = 10;
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int intB = 20;
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double doubleA = 15.5;
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double doubleB = 4.5;
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// Relational Operations
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System.out.println("\nRelational Operations:");
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System.out.println("intA == intB = " + (intA == intB)); // Equal to
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System.out.println("intA != intB = " + (intA != intB)); // Not equal to
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System.out.println("intA > intB = " + (intA > intB)); // Greater than
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System.out.println("intA < intB = " + (intA < intB)); // Less than
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System.out.println("intA >= intB = " + (intA >= intB)); // Greater than or equal to
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System.out.println("intA <= intB = " + (intA <= intB)); // Less than or equal to
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// Bitwise Operations
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System.out.println("\nBitwise Operations:");
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System.out.println("intA & intB = " + (intA & intB)); // Bitwise AND
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System.out.println("intA | intB = " + (intA | intB)); // Bitwise OR
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System.out.println("intA ^ intB = " + (intA ^ intB)); // Bitwise XOR
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System.out.println("~intA = " + (~intA)); // Bitwise NOT
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System.out.println("intA << 2 = " + (intA << 2)); // Left shift
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System.out.println("intA >> 2 = " + (intA >> 2)); // Right shift
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System.out.println("intA >>> 2 = " + (intA >>> 2)); // Unsigned right shift
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// Type Casting
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System.out.println("\nType Casting:");
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int intC = (int) doubleA; // Casting double to int
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double doubleC = intA; // Implicit casting int to double
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System.out.println("Casting doubleA to int: " + intC);
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System.out.println("Implicit casting intA to double: " + doubleC);
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System.out.println(banner);
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}
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// Method to repeat a character n times and used as a banner
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public static String repeatChar(char ch, int n) {
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StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(n);
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for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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sb.append(ch);
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}
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return sb.toString();
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}
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// Method to center text within a given width
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public static String centerText(String text, int width) {
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if (text.length() >= width) {
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return text;
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}
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int padding = width - text.length();
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int paddingLeft = padding / 2;
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int paddingRight = padding - paddingLeft;
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StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
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for (int i = 0; i < paddingLeft; i++) {
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sb.append(' ');
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}
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sb.append(text);
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for (int i = 0; i < paddingRight; i++) {
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sb.append(' ');
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}
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return sb.toString();
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}
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}

‎SourceCode/chap_04-Operations/Lesson_02/RelationalOperators.java‎

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/*****************************************************************************
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* PROJECT: Java-101 Comprehensive Programming Course
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* MODULE: Introduction to Java Fundamentals
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* LESSON: 3.2 - Relational Operators
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*
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* AUTHOR: Dr. Saad Laouadi, Ph.D.
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* CREATED: March 2025
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*
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* Copyright © 2025 Dr. Saad Laouadi. All Rights Reserved.
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* See LICENSE file for complete terms.
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*****************************************************************************/
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public class RelationalOperators {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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// Variables for demonstration
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int a = 10;
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int b = 20;
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int c = 10;
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System.out.println("RELATIONAL OPERATORS DEMONSTRATION");
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System.out.println("==================================");
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System.out.println("Working with variables: a = " + a + ", b = " + b + ", c = " + c);
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// Equal to operator (==)
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System.out.println("\n1. Equal to (==)");
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System.out.println(" a == b: " + (a == b) + " (checks if a equals b)");
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System.out.println(" a == c: " + (a == c) + " (checks if a equals c)");
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// Not equal to operator (!=)
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System.out.println("\n2. Not equal to (!=)");
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System.out.println(" a != b: " + (a != b) + " (checks if a is not equal to b)");
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System.out.println(" a != c: " + (a != c) + " (checks if a is not equal to c)");
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// Greater than operator (>)
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System.out.println("\n3. Greater than (>)");
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System.out.println(" a > b: " + (a > b) + " (checks if a is greater than b)");
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System.out.println(" b > a: " + (b > a) + " (checks if b is greater than a)");
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System.out.println(" a > c: " + (a > c) + " (checks if a is greater than c)");
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// Less than operator (<)
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System.out.println("\n4. Less than (<)");
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System.out.println(" a < b: " + (a < b) + " (checks if a is less than b)");
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System.out.println(" b < a: " + (b < a) + " (checks if b is less than a)");
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System.out.println(" a < c: " + (a < c) + " (checks if a is less than c)");
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// Greater than or equal to operator (>=)
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System.out.println("\n5. Greater than or equal to (>=)");
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System.out.println(" a >= b: " + (a >= b) + " (checks if a is greater than or equal to b)");
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System.out.println(" b >= a: " + (b >= a) + " (checks if b is greater than or equal to a)");
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System.out.println(" a >= c: " + (a >= c) + " (checks if a is greater than or equal to c)");
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// Less than or equal to operator (<=)
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System.out.println("\n6. Less than or equal to (<=)");
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System.out.println(" a <= b: " + (a <= b) + " (checks if a is less than or equal to b)");
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System.out.println(" b <= a: " + (b <= a) + " (checks if b is less than or equal to a)");
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System.out.println(" a <= c: " + (a <= c) + " (checks if a is less than or equal to c)");
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// Comparing different data types
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System.out.println("\nComparing Different Data Types:");
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double dVal = 10.0;
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System.out.println(" int a = " + a + ", double dVal = " + dVal);
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System.out.println(" a == dVal: " + (a == dVal) + " (Java performs type conversion before comparison)");
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// Comparing objects
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System.out.println("\nComparing Objects:");
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String str1 = new String("Hello");
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String str2 = new String("Hello");
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String str3 = str1;
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System.out.println(" String str1 = new String(\"Hello\")");
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System.out.println(" String str2 = new String(\"Hello\")");
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System.out.println(" String str3 = str1");
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System.out.println(" str1 == str2: " + (str1 == str2) + " (== compares references, not content)");
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System.out.println(" str1 == str3: " + (str1 == str3) + " (same reference, so true)");
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System.out.println(" str1.equals(str2): " + str1.equals(str2) + " (equals() compares content)");
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// Relational operators in control flow
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System.out.println("\nUsing Relational Operators in Control Flow:");
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if (a < b) {
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System.out.println(" a is less than b - this code executes when condition is true");
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}
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if (a == c) {
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System.out.println(" a equals c - this code executes when condition is true");
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}
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}
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}

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