diff --git a/docs/changelog.md b/docs/changelog.md
index 941ea72c..440646ec 100644
--- a/docs/changelog.md
+++ b/docs/changelog.md
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ _This project uses semantic versioning_
 
 ## UNRELEASED
 
+- Allow changing number of threads with env variable [#330](https://github.com/egraphs-good/egglog-python/pull/330)
 ## 11.0.0 (2025-08-08)
 - Change conversion between binary operators to consider converting both types [#320](https://github.com/egraphs-good/egglog-python/pull/320)
 - Add ability to parse egglog expressions into Python values [#319](https://github.com/egraphs-good/egglog-python/pull/319)
diff --git a/docs/reference/usage.md b/docs/reference/usage.md
index 20fb37c0..94d7876d 100644
--- a/docs/reference/usage.md
+++ b/docs/reference/usage.md
@@ -22,6 +22,14 @@ pip install anywidget
 
 It follows [SPEC 0](https://scientific-python.org/specs/spec-0000/) in terms of what Python versions are supported.
 
+## Parallelism and threads
+
+The underlying Rust library uses Rayon for parallelism. You can control the worker thread count via the environment variable `RAYON_NUM_THREADS`. If this variable is not set or is invalid, the Python bindings default to using a single thread (`1`).
+
+```shell
+export RAYON_NUM_THREADS=4  # use 4 threads
+```
+
 (community)=
 
 ## Community
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
index a34daad2..26a585db 100644
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -11,8 +11,13 @@ use pyo3::prelude::*;
 /// Bindings for egglog rust library
 #[pymodule]
 fn bindings(m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
+    // Configure Rayon thread pool from env var, defaulting to 1 if unset/invalid.
+    let num_threads = std::env::var("RAYON_NUM_THREADS")
+        .ok()
+        .and_then(|s| s.parse::<usize>().ok())
+        .unwrap_or(1);
     rayon::ThreadPoolBuilder::new()
-        .num_threads(1)
+        .num_threads(num_threads)
         .build_global()
         .unwrap();