[DOCS] Opster Migration: Add errors to troubleshooting pages (#1116)

- Created a new `Errors` section in troubleshooting with specific errors
inside
- Added to security troubleshooting 2 errors, attempting to follow
existing formatting

Attempted to follow
https://docs.elastic.dev/content-architecture/content-type/troubleshooting/error

Via discussion with @marciw , this section is still being organized so
these may be moved around.

---------

Co-authored-by: Marci W <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Copilot <[email protected]>

Author: 3 people

troubleshoot/elasticsearch/all-shards-failed.md

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+---
+applies_to:
+  stack: 
+  deployment:
+    eck: 
+    ess: 
+    ece: 
+    self: 
+navigation_title: "Error: All shards failed"
+---
+
+# Fix error: All shards failed [all-shards-failed]
+
+```console
+Error: all shards failed
+```
+
+The `all shards failed` error indicates that {{es}} couldn't get a successful response from any of the shards involved in the query. Possible causes include shard allocation issues, misconfiguration, insufficient resources, or unsupported operations such as aggregating on text fields. 
+
+##  Unsupported operations on text fields
+
+The `all shards failed` error can occur when you try to sort or aggregate on `text` fields. These fields are designed for full-text search and don't support exact-value operations like sorting and aggregation.
+
+To fix this issue, use a `.keyword` subfield:
+
+```console
+GET my-index/_search
+{
+  "aggs": {
+    "names": {
+      "terms": {
+        "field": "name.keyword"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+If no `.keyword` subfield exists, define a [multi-field](elasticsearch://reference/elasticsearch/mapping-reference/field-data-types.md#types-multi-fields) mapping:
+
+```console
+PUT my-index
+{
+  "mappings": {
+    "properties": {
+      "name": {
+        "type": "text",
+        "fields": {
+          "keyword": {
+            "type": "keyword"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Metric aggregations on text fields
+
+The `all shards failed` error can also occur when you use a metric aggregation on a text field. [Metric aggregations](elasticsearch://reference/aggregations/metrics.md) require numeric fields. 
+
+You can use a script to convert the text value to a number at query time:
+
+```console
+GET my-index/_search
+{
+  "aggs": {
+    "total_cost": {
+      "sum": {
+        "script": {
+          "source": "Integer.parseInt(doc.cost.value)"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+Or change the field mapping to a numeric type:
+
+```console
+PUT my-index
+{
+  "mappings": {
+    "properties": {
+      "cost": {
+        "type": "integer"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Failed shard recovery
+
+A shard failure during recovery can prevent successful queries.
+
+To identify the cause, check the cluster health:
+
+```console
+GET _cluster/health
+```
+
+As a last resort, you can delete the problematic index.
+
+## Misused global aggregation
+
+[Global aggregations](elasticsearch://reference/aggregations/search-aggregations-bucket-global-aggregation.md) must be defined at the top level of the aggregations object. Nesting can cause errors.
+
+To fix this issue, structure the query so that the `global` aggregation appears at the top level:
+
+```console
+GET my-index/_search
+{
+  "size": 0,
+  "aggs": {
+    "all_products": {
+      "global": {},
+      "aggs": {
+        "genres": {
+          "terms": {
+            "field": "cost"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Reverse_nested usage errors
+
+Using a [`reverse_nested`](elasticsearch://reference/aggregations/search-aggregations-bucket-reverse-nested-aggregation.md) aggregation outside of a `nested` context causes errors.
+
+To fix this issue, structure the query so that the `reverse_nested` aggregation is inside a `nested` aggregation:
+
+```console
+GET my-index/_search
+{
+  "aggs": {
+    "comments": {
+      "nested": {
+        "path": "comments"
+      },
+      "aggs": {
+        "top_usernames": {
+          "terms": {
+            "field": "comments.username"
+          },
+          "aggs": {
+            "comment_issue": {
+              "reverse_nested": {},
+              "aggs": {
+                "top_tags": {
+                  "terms": {
+                    "field": "tags"
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Further troubleshooting
+
+Use the `_cat/shards` API to view shard status and troubleshoot further.
+
+```console
+GET _cat/shards
+```
+
+For a specific index:
+
+```console
+GET _cat/shards/my-index
+```
+
+Example output:
+
+```console-result
+my-index 5 p STARTED    0  283b 127.0.0.1 ziap
+my-index 5 r UNASSIGNED
+my-index 2 p STARTED    1 3.7kb 127.0.0.1 ziap
+my-index 2 r UNASSIGNED
+my-index 3 p STARTED    3 7.2kb 127.0.0.1 ziap
+my-index 3 r UNASSIGNED
+my-index 1 p STARTED    1 3.7kb 127.0.0.1 ziap
+my-index 1 r UNASSIGNED
+my-index 4 p STARTED    2 3.8kb 127.0.0.1 ziap
+my-index 4 r UNASSIGNED
+my-index 0 p STARTED    0  283b 127.0.0.1 ziap
+my-index 0 r UNASSIGNED
+```

troubleshoot/elasticsearch/errors.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+---
+navigation_title: Error reference
+---
+
+# Troubleshoot common errors in {{es}} 
+
+Use the topics in this section to troubleshoot common errors in {{es}} deployments.
+
+* [](/troubleshoot/elasticsearch/all-shards-failed.md)
+* [](/troubleshoot/elasticsearch/failed-to-parse-field-of-type.md)
+* [](/troubleshoot/elasticsearch/unable-to-retrieve-node-fs-stats.md)
+* [](/troubleshoot/elasticsearch/unable-to-parse-response-body.md)

troubleshoot/elasticsearch/failed-to-parse-field-of-type.md

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+---
+applies_to:
+  stack: 
+  deployment:
+    eck: 
+    ess: 
+    ece: 
+    self: 
+navigation_title: "Error: Failed to parse field of type in document with id"
+---
+
+# Fix error: Failed to parse field [failed-to-parse-field-of-type]
+
+```console
+Error: failed to parse field [field] of type [type] in document with id [id]
+```
+
+This error occurs when you try to index a document, but one of the field values doesn't match the expected data type. {{es}} rejects the document when it encounters incompatible values, like a string in a numeric field or an invalid IP address.
+
+To fix this issue, make sure each field value matches the data type defined in the mapping.
+
+## Field types and mapping
+
+When no explicit mapping exists, {{es}} uses [dynamic mappings](../../manage-data/data-store/mapping/dynamic-field-mapping.md) to infer a field's type based on the **first value indexed**.
+
+For example, if you index:
+
+```console
+PUT test/_doc/1
+{
+  "ip_address": "179.152.62.82",
+  "boolean_field": "off"
+}
+```
+
+Without explicit mapping, {{es}} will treat `ip_address` and `boolean_field` as `text`, which might not be the intended result. 
+
+To avoid this, define the mapping explicitly:
+
+```console
+PUT test
+{
+  "mappings": {
+    "properties": {
+      "ip_address": { "type": "ip" },
+      "boolean_field": { "type": "boolean" }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+To check the data type of the field causing the error, first get the mapping:
+
+    ```console
+        GET your-index-name/_mapping
+    ```
+
+Make sure the incoming data matches the expected type. If not, you'll need to fix the data or update the mapping. If necessary, create a new index with the correct mapping and reindex your data.

troubleshoot/elasticsearch/security/token-invalid-expired.md

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+---
+applies_to:
+  stack: 
+  deployment:
+    eck: 
+    ess: 
+    ece: 
+    self: 
+navigation_title: "Error: Token invalid or expired"
+---
+
+# Fix errors: Invalid token or token expired in {{es}} [token-invalid-expired]
+
+```console
+Error: token expired
+```
+
+```console
+Error: invalid token
+```
+
+These errors occur when {{es}} receives a request containing an invalid or expired token during authentication. They're typically caused by missing, incorrect, or outdated tokens. If an invalid or expired token is used, {{es}} rejects the request.
+
+## Invalid token
+
+{{es}} rejects requests with invalid authentication tokens. Common causes include:
+
+- The token is expired or revoked
+- The token format is incorrect or malformed
+- The Authorization header is missing or doesn’t start with Bearer
+- The client or middleware failed to attach the token properly
+- Security settings in {{es}} are misconfigured
+
+To resolve this error:
+
+- Verify the token and ensure it's correctly formatted and current.
+- Check expiration and generate a new token if needed.
+- Inspect your client and confirm the token is sent in the `Authorization` header.
+- Review {{es}} settings and check that token auth is enabled:
+
+   ```yaml
+   xpack.security.authc.token.enabled: true
+   ```
+
+- Use logs for details: {{es}} logs may provide context about the failure.
+
+
+## Token expired
+
+This error occurs when {{es}} receives a request containing an expired token during authentication.
+
+To resolve this issue:
+
+- Refresh the token, and obtain a new token using your token refresh workflow.
+- Implement automatic token refresh and ensure your application is configured to refresh tokens before expiration.
+- Avoid using expired tokens and do not reuse tokens after logout or expiration.
+- Adjust token lifespan if needed and configure a longer token expiration in `elasticsearch.yml`, though this should be balanced against security needs:
+
+   ```yaml
+   xpack.security.authc.token.timeout: 20m
+   ```
+